• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.681-686
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• 2005

동백잎의 채취시기에 따른 일반성분, 유리당, 유기산, 아미노산, catechin, chlorophyll 및 total polyphenol 등의 함량은 다음과 같다. 동백 잎의 조단백과 조지방 및 ascorbic acid 함량은 채취시기가 늦을수록 감소하였고, 조회분과 조섬유 함량은 채취 시기가 늦을수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 유리당은 fructose, glucose, sucrose 등 3개의 당이 확인되었고, 총 유리 당 함량은 채취시기가 늦을수록 증가하였다. 유기산은 citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, acetic acid 등이 검출되었고, 채취 시기가 늦을수록 총함량은 증가하였다. 동백잎의 주된 유리아미노산은 aspartic acid, glutamic acid, histidine이었고, 채취시기가 늦을수록 총유리 아미노산 함량은 감소하였다. 동백잎의 주된 구성아미노산은 histidine, alanine이었고, 채취시기가 늦을수록 구성아미노산의 함량은 감소하였으며, 총아미노산에 대한 필수아미노산의 비율은 증가하였다. 동백 잎에 함유된 무기질은 P, Ca, K, Na, Fe등으로 채취시기가 늦을수록 함량은 증가하였으며, 동백 잎의 chlorophyll 함량과 total polyphenol 함량은 채취 시기가 늦을수록 증가하였다.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.100-107
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) isolation by the magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) method in tendon tissue-derived cells compared to the colony picking method for isolation of MSCs by picking colony-forming cells. Materials and Methods: Human tendon-derived cells were isolated by enzyme digestion using normal tendon tissues from three donors. We used the magnetic kit and well-known MSC markers (CD90 or CD105) to isolate MSCs in tendon-derived cells using MACS. Cloning cylinders were used to isolate colony-forming cells having MSC characteristics in tendon-derived cells. Colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) assay was used to evaluate the self-renewal capacity of cells isolated using the colony picking method or MACS. For comparison of differentiation potentials into osteogenic or adipogenic lineage between two groups, alizarin red S and oil red O staining were performed at 14 days after induction of differentiation in vitro. Results: Flow cytometry results showed that early passage tendon-derived cells expressed CD44 in 99.13%, CD90 in 56.51%, and CD105 in 86.19%. In the CFU-F assay, CD90+ or CD105+ cells isolated with MACS showed larger colony formation in size than cells isolated using the colony picking method. We also observed that CD90+ or CD105+ cells were constantly differentiated into both osteogenic and adipogenic lineages in cells from all donors, whereas cells isolated using the colony picking method were heterogeneous in differentiation potentials to the osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. Conclusion: CD90+ or CD105+ cells isolated using MACS showed superior MSC characteristics in the self-renewal and multi-differentiation capacities compared with cells isolated using the colony picking method.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1977

1. 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 양송이의 재배(栽培) 및 수확방법(收穫方法)이 다를 때 자실체발생(子實體發生)의 변동상(變動相)을 밝히고 수량(收量)의 조기예측방법(早期豫測方法)을 확립(確立)하고자 실시(實施)하였다. 2. 양송이 수량(收量)은 최초(最初) 30일간(日間)의 채취량(採取量)과 상관(相關)이 높고 다수확재배사(多收穫栽培舍)의 수량구성(收量構成)에 있어서는 중후기(中後期)의 채취량(採取量)과 다소(多小)가 큰 역할(役割)을 하였다. 3 채취시기(採取時期)에 따른 수량(收量)의 변화(變化)는 재배시기(栽培時期)에 따라 다르나 작업관리(作業管理)가 정상상태인 추기재배(秋期栽培) 때는 어린 버섯을 채취(採取)하므로서 초기수량(初期收量)은 감소(減少)하고 후기채취량(後期採取量)은 증가(增加)하였다. 4. Button 채취비율(採取比率) 20~45% 범위(範圍)에서 전수량(全收量)이 증가(增加)하면 Button 채취비율(採取比率)도 증가(增加)하는 경향(碩向)을 보였다. 5 양송이 재배합(栽培舍)은 자실체발생(子實體發生)의 변동(變動)을 조사(調査)하여 재배결과(栽培結果)의 조기예측(早期豫測)을 위한 회귀식(回歸式)을 산출(算出)하였다.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2017

Recently, robotic bin-picking tasks have drawn considerable attention, because flexibility is required in robotic assembly tasks. Generally, stereo camera systems have been used widely for robotic bin-picking, but these have two limitations: First, computational burden for solving correspondence problem on stereo images increases calculation time. Second, errors in image processing and camera calibration reduce accuracy. Moreover, the errors in robot kinematic parameters directly affect robot gripping. In this paper, we propose a method of correcting the bin-picking error by using trinocular vision system which consists of two stereo cameras andone hand-eye camera. First, the two stereo cameras, with wide viewing angle, measure object's pose roughly. Then, the 3rd hand-eye camera approaches the object, and corrects the previous measurement of the stereo camera system. Experimental results show usefulness of the proposed method.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.314-318
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• 1997

본 실험에서는 옥동들깨, 적자소, 청자소를 공시하여 적엽시기별로 수증기증류장치를 이용하여 정유성분을 추출하여 GC로서 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 옥동들깨, 적자소, 청자소 정유는 주로 잎과 줄기에 함유하고 있으며, 뿌리에도 정유가 함유되어 있으나 옥동들깨와 청자소의 경우에는 함량이 적으며, 적자소의 경우 옥동들깨와 청자소에 비하여 2배 가량 많이 함유하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 2. 총정유함량을 기준으로 청자소의 최적 채엽시기는 개화시인 8월 24일 적자소는 개화후인 9월 14일이었다. 3. 최적채엽시기를 perilladehyde를 기준으로 할 경우 청자소의 경우 개화시인 8월 24일이었으며, 적자소는 8월 4일로 나타났다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.125-141
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• 2011

As the sales volume of online shops increases, the job burden in the back-offices of the online shops also increases. Order picking is the most labor-intensive operation among the jobs in a back-office and mid-size pure click online shops are experiencing the time delay and complexity in order picking nowadays while fulfilling their customers' orders. Those warehouses of the mid-size shops are based on manual systems, and as order pickings are repeated, the warehouses get a mess and lots of products in those warehouses are getting missing, which results in severe delay in order picking. To overcome this kind of problem in online clothing shops, we research a methodology to locate warehousing products. When products arrive at a warehouse, they are packed into a box and located on a rack in the warehouse. At this point, the operator should determine the box to be put in and the location on the rack for the box to be put on. This problem could be formulated as an Integer Programming model, but the branch-and bound algorithm to solve the IP model requires enormous computation, and sometimes it is even impossible to get a solution in a proper time. So, we relaxed the problem, developed a set of heuristics as a methodology to get a semi-optimum in an acceptable time, and proved by an experiment that the solutions by our methodology are satisfactory and acceptable by field managers.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.12-20
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• 2016

Purpose: Pepper prices have risen continuously because of a decrease in cultivation area; therefore, mechanical harvesting systems for peppers should be developed to reduce cost, time, and labor during harvest. In this study, a screw type picking head for a self-propelled pepper harvester was developed, and the optimal working conditions were evaluated considering helix types, winding directions of helix, and rotational speeds of the helix. Methods: The screw type was selected for the picking head after analyzing previous studies, and the device consisted of helices and a feed chain mechanism for conveying pepper branches. A double helix and a triple helix were manufactured, and rotational speeds of 200, 300, and 400 rpm were tested. The device was controlled by a variable speed (VS) motor and an inverter. Both the forward and reverse directions were tested for the winding and rotating directions of the helix. An experiment crop (cultivar: Longgreenmat) was cultivated in a plastic greenhouse. The test results were analyzed using the SAS program with ANOVA to examine the relationship between each factor and the performance of the picking head. Results: The results of the double and triple helix tests in the reverse direction showed gross harvest efficiency levels of 60-95%, mechanical damage rates of 8-20%, and net marketable portion rates of 50-80%. The dividing ratio was highest at a rotational speed of 400 rpm. Gross harvest efficiency was influenced by the types of helix and rotational speed. Net marketable portion was influenced by rotational speed but not influenced by the type of helix. Mechanical damage was not influenced by the type of helix or rotational speed. Conclusions: Best gross harvest efficiency was obtained at a rotational speed of 400 rpm; however, operating the device at that speed resulted in vibration, which should be reduced.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2010

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of paper property changes by internal addition of surface strength agent on printability. Advances in printing technique has required the development of paper qualities in many aspects. Basically paper structure is composed of hydrogen bonds which induce many problems in high speed printing machine because of weak bonding strength. One of the important printing problems is surface picking when mechanical pulp or recycled pulp are used. It was caused by the ink-stained blanket in printing process because accumulations of pollutant in white water and other elements which are bonded weakly or do not have hydrogen bonds. Debris at paper surface adheres to blanket which deteriorates printing efficiency and causes various problems. To complement these problems, Pennocel 5137 of polysaccharide structure was used as an agent to improve paper's surface property, strength and printability. Paper surface picking was analyzed by RI-1 test. As the dosage amount increased tensile strength, fiber bonding strength and ZDT strength were improved. Further more formation, smoothness and surface picking resistance were improved. It was confirmed that when adding polysaccharide structure polymers to improve surface strength such as surface picking resistance, it was also possible to improve tensile strength, fiber bonding strength, formation and smoothness.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2008

2000년 10월부터 11월까지 일본 Aomori현 Mutu만에서 다섯동갈망둑, Pterogobius zacalles의 섭식행동에 관하여 연구를 실시하였다. 다섯동갈망둑은 돌 틈에서 펄과 함께 먹이를 채식하는 쪼기와 돌 표면에서 먹이생물을 흡입하는 두 가지 유형의 채식방법이 있지만, 주로 돌 틈에서 먹이를 채식하는 방법을 이용한다. 다섯동갈망둑의 두 가지 채식방법 모두는 먹이를 찾아 유영하는 찾기, 섭식장소에서 먹이생물을 발견하고 먹는 섭식, 섭식한 후에 먹이를 씹고 이물질을 뱉어내는 씹기의 3단계로 구성된다. 다섯동갈망둑은 두 가지 채식방법 중에서 돌 틈에서 섭식하는 쪼기를 이용할 때 더 먼 거리를 유영하여 먹이를 찾으며, 긴 시간동안 먹이를 씹는다. 다섯동갈망둑은 채식방법에 상관없이 단각류가 주요 먹이생물이지만, 돌 표면에서 채식하였을 때보다 돌 틈에서 채식하였을 때 상대적으로 크기가 큰 단각류나 십각류를 섭식한다. 이들은 돌 틈에서 먹이를 섭식할 때 더 많은 에너지와 시간을 소비하지만, 높은 칼로리의 먹이를 섭식한다. 따라서 먹이생물의 크기는 이들의 섭식방법을 결정하는 요인으로 사료된다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.839-846
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• 2016

Bin picking is a task of picking a small object from a bin. For accurate bin picking, the 3D pose information, position, and orientation of a small object is required because the object is mixed with other objects of the same type in the bin. Using this 3D pose information, a robotic gripper can pick an object using exact distance and orientation measurements. In this paper, we propose a 3D vision technique for accurate measurement of 3D position and orientation of small objects, on which a paper label is stuck to the surface. We use a maximally stable extremal regions (MSERs) algorithm to detect the label areas in a left bin image acquired from a stereo camera. In each label area, image features are detected and their correlation with a right image is determined by a stereo vision technique. Then, the 3D position and orientation of the objects are measured accurately using a transformation from the camera coordinate system to the new label coordinate system. For stable measurement during a bin picking task, the pose information is filtered by averaging at fixed time intervals. Our experimental results indicate that the proposed technique yields pose accuracy between 0.4~0.5mm in positional measurements and $0.2-0.6^{\circ}$ in angle measurements.