• 제목/요약/키워드: Phytochemistry

검색결과 120건 처리시간 0.028초

Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Angelica decursiva Fr. et Sav.

  • Ali, Md Yousof;Seong, Su Hui;Jannat, Susoma;Jung, Hyun Ah;Choi, Jae Sue
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.181-199
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    • 2019
  • Angelica decursiva Fr. et Sav. (Umbelliferae) has traditionally been used to treat different diseases due to its antitussive, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. It is also a remedy for thick phlegm, asthma, and upper respiratory infections. Recently, the leaf of A. decursiva has been consumed as salad without showing any toxicity. This plant is a rich in different types of coumarin derivatives, including dihydroxanthyletin, psoralen, dihydropsoralen, hydroxycoumarin, and dihydropyran. Its crude extracts and pure constituents possess anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer disease, anti-hypertension, anti-cancer, antioxidant, anthelmintic, preventing cerebral stroke, and neuroprotective activities. This valuable herb needs to be further studied and developed not only to treat these human diseases, but also to improve human health. This review provides an overview of current knowledge of A. decursiva metabolites and their biological activities to prioritize future studies.

정원 식물의 차광 조건별 광화학적 생리지표 해석 (Photochemical Index Analysis on Different Shading Level of Garden Plants)

  • 강홍규;김태성;박소현;김태완;유성영
    • 환경생물
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.264-271
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 엽록소 형광반응 (OJIP)분석을 통해 차광처리에 따른 정원 식물의 광 이용효율을 평가 및 분석하고자 하였다. 10종의 정원식물을 대상으로 50% 및 80% 차광 조건에서 엽록소 형광반응 분석을 실시하였으며, 75일 차광조건에서 가장 낮은 광이용 효율을 보였다. 차광처리 시 광계II 전자전달에너지플럭스 ($ET2_O/RC$)는 증가 경향을 보였으나 광계I 전자전달에너지플럭스($RE1_O/RC$) 및 PI 등 광이용 효율이 감소하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 광화학 매개변수 중 $F_V$, $FV/F_O$, $RE1_O/RC$, $ET2_O/RC$, $PI_{TOTAL\;ABS}$, $DF_{TOTAL\;ABS}$ 등 19개 parameter가 광화학 반응의 효율을 나타내는 중요한 요인으로 판단되었다. SFI평가를 통해 10종의 정원식물 중 수호초(I), 꽃범의꼬리(II), 무늬사초(II)등 3종의 식물이 내음성이 강한 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 광화학 반응에 근거한 일조 스트레스지수(SFI)는 정원식물의 내음성 평가에 유용한 것으로 사료된다.

옥수수의 파종시기 및 질소수준별 광화학적 반응 해석 (Photochemical Response Analysis on Different Seeding Date and Nitrogen (N) level for Maize (Zea mays L.))

  • 박소현;유성영;이민주;박종용;송기태;김태완;이병무
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제60권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 파종시기와 질소시비 수준에 대한 옥수수의 광화학적 반응을 분석하여 광생리적 특성을 해석하였다. 1. 5월 22일 파종시 질소 함량이 증가함에 따라 생육후기까지 엽록소 형광량 또한 증가하여 질소 배량처리에서 광이용효율이 더 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 2. 생육초기의 형광량이 가장 높았으며, 이후 모든 처리구에서 엽록소 형광량이 50% 가량 감소하여 전자전달을 위한 광화학 반응이 크게 감소했음을 알 수 있었다. 3. 질소 반량구에서 활성화된 RC (RC/ABS)가 감소하며 13% 이상의 에너지가 손실되었으며, 결국 전자전달시 에너지 전환효율(PI, DF 등)이 감소해 광이용효율이 낮았다. 4. 배량 처리구는 생육후기로 갈수록 전자전달 효율(ET2o/CS) 및 단면당 활성화된 RC(RC/CS) 등 광이용 효율이 대조구 대비 크게 증가하여 광합성기구 사이의 전자전달이 잘 이루어지는 것으로 확인되었다.

국내 수수 종자의 용해도별 단백질 함량 변이 (Variation of Fractionated Protein Content by Solubility in Korean Local Sorghum Seed)

  • 박세준;박준영;황수민;서명철;김태완
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제59권3호
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    • pp.245-251
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    • 2014
  • 우리나라 수수 유전자원 20품종에 대한 종자 단백질의 정량적 및 정성적 특성을 분석하였다. 수수 종자의 수용성 단백질의 분획은 'Osborne 방법'의 변형된 방법으로서 알부민, 글로불린, 프롤라민 및 글루텔린을 순차적으로 분리하여 정량분석을 실시하였다. 수수 종자의 저장단백질인 프롤라민 단백질의 조성을 1차 전기영동으로 비교 분석하였다. 1. 총 단백질 함량 대비 분획단백질의 함량은 알부민 단백질은 6.2%, 글로불린 단백질은 0.9%, 프롤라민 단백질은 57.9% 및 글루텔린 단백질은 35.1%의 함량을 나타내었다. 2. 품종별 비교에서 프롤라민 단백질의 함량이 높은 품종은 흰수수, 흰찰수수, 황금찰수수 및 대풍수수로 결정되었다. 3. ${\alpha}$-kafirin의 함량이 높은 품종은 흰수수, 금산찰수수, 흰찰수수 및 장목수수로 나타났다. 4. 흰수수와 흰찰수수가 고 프롤라민 및 고 ${\alpha}$-kafirin 품종임을 제시하였다.

가로수의 이식방법에 따른 수목 활착 평가 - 재배방법별 팥배나무의 광화학적 반응 해석 - (Evaluation of Street Tree Rootage by Transplanting Methods - Photochemical Response Analysis of Different Cultivation for Sorbus alnifolia -)

  • 유성녕;박소현;박청인;김태진
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.132-138
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 가로 수목의 조기 활착으로 도로로부터 발생하는 탄소를 효과적으로 저감할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 컨테이너(용기) 수목의 이식 효율성을 검증하였다. 컨테이너에서 재배된 수목은 이식 활착성을 높이고, 부적기 이식 제한을 극복할 수 있어 도로와 같은 변형된 토양환경에 적합하다. 가로수로서 가치가 높은 팥배나무를 대상으로 컨테이너에서 재배된 수목과 노지에서 재배된 수목을 각기 멀칭 및 제초처리하여 수목의 건전도를 비교하였다. 연구의 방법으로서 엽록소 형광 반응 분석을 이용한 팥배나무의 식재 방법별 광화학 반응 해석을 통해 건전성 평가하였다. 팥배나무의 식재 방법은 노지 멀칭, 컨테이너 제초 및 컨테이너 멀칭 재배로 구분하여 재배하였다. 연구의 결과로서 노지 멀칭 팥배나무에서 최대 형광량(P)이 가장 낮았으며, O-J 전이 과정 중 형광량이 증가하며, 광계 II 전자전달 효율이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 광계 II에서 광계 I까지의 전자전달 에너지 플럭스(RE1o/RC, RE1o/CS) 또한, 노지 멀칭 재배에서 20% 이상 감소하였다. 이와 같은 연구 결과는 도로와 같이 성토 및 절토로 인하여 수목 생장 여건이 불리한 상황에서 수목의 이식 후 조기 활착을 검증한 결과 컨테이너에서 재배된 수목이 노지에서 재배된 수목보다 활착이 빠르고, 수목 건전도가 높은 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 또한 식재 방법도 식재 후 제초에 의한 방법보다 멀칭 처리한 수목이 건전도가 높은 것으로 판단되었다. 도로와 같이 지속적으로 식재 후 관리가 어려운 여건에서는 주기적인 제초 처리보다는 이식 초기에 멀칭처리하는 것이 관리의 용이성 도모하며, 수목 건전도를 높일 수 있다.

Pharmacognosy for Korean Medical Food in the 21st Century

  • Kim, Dong-Myong;Cha, Eun-Chung;Chung, Ku-Jeum
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.95-102
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    • 2005
  • The term pharmacognosy as applied to a constituent scientific discipline of Korean Medical Food (KMF) has been in use for nearly several years, and it refers to studies on the pharmacological properties of natural products foods. During the last half of the 20th century, pharmacognosy for KMF evolved from being a descriptive botanical subject to one having a more chemical and biological focus. At the beginning of the 21st century, teaching pharmacognosy for KMF teaching in academic culinary arts and natural healing institutions has been given new relevance as a result of the explosive growth in the use of herbal foods (health foods) in modern KMF practice. In turn, pharmacognosy for KMF research areas are continuing to expand, and now include aspects of cellular and molecular biology in relation to natural products, ethnobotany and phytotherapy, in addition to the more traditional analytical method development and phytochemistry. Examples are provided in this review of promising bioactive compounds obtained in two multidisciplinary natural product KMF development and discovery projects, aimed at the elucidation of new plant-derived cancer chemotherapeutic agents and novel cancer chemopreventives, respectively. The systematic study of KMF offers pharmacognosy groups an attractive new area of research, ranging from investigating the biologically active principles of KMF and their mode of action and potential active substance interactions, to sanitary and quality control, and involvement in clinical trials.

Primary Pharmacological and Other Important Findings on the Medicinal Plant "Aconitum Heterophyllum" (Aruna)

  • Paramanick, Debashish;Panday, Ravindra;Shukla, Shiv Shankar;Sharma, Vikash
    • 대한약침학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.89-92
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    • 2017
  • Aconitum Heterophyllum (A. Heterophyllum) is an indigenous medicinal plant of India and belongs to the family Ranunculaceae. A. Heterophyllum is known to possess a number of therapeutic effects. For very ancient times, this plant has been used in some formulations in the traditional healing system of India, i.e., Ayurveda. It is reported to have use in treating patients with urinary infections, diarrhea, and inflammation. It also has been used as an expectorant and for the promotion of hepatoprotective activity. The chemical studies of the plant have revealed that various parts of the plant contain alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, saponins, glycosides, quinones, flavonoids, terpenoids, etc. In the present study, a comprehensive phytochemistry and pharmacognosy, as well as the medicinal properties, of A. Heterophyllum are discussed. Scientific information on the plant was collected from various sources, such as electronic sources (Google scholar, Pubmed) and some old classical text books of Ayurveda and Ethnopharmacology. The study also presents a review of the literature on A. Heterophyllum, as well as the primary pharmacological and other important findings on this medicine. This review article should provide useful information to and be a valuable tool for new researchers who are initiating studies on the plant A. Heterophyllum.

A simple phenotyping method for deep-rooting rice grown in pots

  • Han, Jae-Hyuk;Shin, Na-Hyun;Moon, Jae-Hoon;Chin, Joong Hyoun;Yoo, Soo-Cheul
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제43권4호
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    • pp.444-449
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    • 2016
  • Deep rooting, which enables plants to extract water from greater soil depths, is a critical strategy for improving plant survival under water-deficient conditions. However, as it is difficult to observe intact root systems belowground, several techniques have been developed to screen deep- and shallow-rooting phenotypes in rice. Here, we introduce a simple and convenient method for deep- and shallow-rooting phenotyping using a unique combination of sand, soil, and plastic mesh netting. Vandana, a drought-tolerant rice variety, and Dongjin, a Korean japonica rice variety, were used to analyze root phenotypes. No significant differences in root length were observed in rice grown under irrigated conditions regardless of net position, whereas roots were significantly longer, and ratio of deep root (RDR) values were significantly higher in Vandana rice grown under semi-drought conditions. In summary, this simple and useful method represents a low-cost means of phenotyping the roots of rice and other crops grown in various-sized pots and at multiple plant growth stages.

Emodin stimulates the osteoblast differentiation via activating bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene expression at low concentration

  • Cheon, Myeong-Sook;Lee, Su-Ui;Kim, Ho-Kyoung;Kim, Young-Sup;Min, Yong-Ki;Kim, Seong-Hwan
    • 한국한의학연구원논문집
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    • 제13권1호통권19호
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    • pp.139-145
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    • 2007
  • Emodin is one of the main active components of a traditional Korean medicine isolated from the root and rhizomes of Rheum palmatum L. In this study, of 222 natural compounds to evaluate the anabolic activities, emodin activated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 promoter in the differentiation process of mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Emodin was shown to significantly stimulate the activity and expression of alkaline phosphatase, an earlyphase marker of osteoblastic differentiation, on the differentiation day 7, and induce the osteopontin mRNA expression from the differentiation day 14. In addition, low concentration (up to 5 M) of emodin dramatically promoted the induction of mineralization in MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 cells. The stimulatory effect of emodin on the osteoblast differentiation/mineralization could be associated with its potential to stimulate the BMP-2 gene expression. Although further studies are needed to determine the precise mechanism, this study suggests that the use of herbal medicine containing natural compounds with anabolic activity such as emodin could have a beneficial effect on bone health.

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Immunomodulatory effect of Tinospora cordifolia and Centella asiatica and its modulation on cyclophosphamide challenge

  • Siddiqui, NA;Ali, Mohd;Singh, Shobhna
    • Advances in Traditional Medicine
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.380-385
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    • 2008
  • Ethanolic extracts of T. cordifolia and C. asiatica were evaluated for immunostimulatory effect in mice against sheep RBCs as antigen by three models viz. delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, ercent change in neutrophil count and haemagglutination titre. Immunostimulatory effect in the presence of immunosuppressant agent, cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg, i.p.) was also investigated. T. cordifolia and C. asiatica significantly (p < 0.001, p < 0.05 respectively) enhanced foot pad thickness when measured after 24 hours of sheep RBC antigen challenge. Both the plant materials increased foot pad thickness even after being subjected to immunosuppressant exposure. T. cordifolia revealed enhanced neutrophil counts, while C. asiatica had no significant effect on neutrophil counts. T. cordifolia exhibited significantly (P < 0.01) elevated neutrophil levels even in the presence of cyclophosphamide administration. Both the plants exhibited humoral antibody response, as haemagglutination titre values were significantly high as compared to control. T. cordifolia and C. asiatica could combat immunosuppressant effect of cyclophosphamide (P < 0.01). This suggests that T. cordifolia and C. asiatica can be regarded as biological response modifiers and can be utilized for the development of immunostimulating agent among plant sources.