• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.196-201
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• 2006

Electroacupuncture(EA) is commonly used in various diseases. In the present study, the effect of EA in the allergic mouse model was examined. Allergy is generated via immunological mechanism and non-immunological mechanism. Mast cells activated dy those mechanisms get to release various substances such as histamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandin, TNF-$\alpha$, IL-4, IL-6, etc. which induce allergic reactions and the following inflammatory responses. To evaluate the anti-allergic effects of EA, mortality, ear swelling response, vascular permeability and cytokine secretion were investigated in EA group and non-EA group of which mice were compound 48/80-induced allergy model or PCA model. Compound 48/80 induces allergic reaction via non-immunological mechanism and PCA model is generated through the same mechanism with immediate-type(Type1) allergic reaction, one of immunological allergic reactions. EA inhibited compound 48/80-induced ear swelling response but did not inhibit the systemic anaphylaxis. EA also inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) activated dy anti-dinitrophenol IgE. In addition, EA inhibited IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$ secretion from 48 h PCA in mice. These results indicate that EA may be used for the treatment of mast cell-mediated allergic diseases, especially immediate-type(Type 1) allergy and non-immunologically mediated allergy.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.226-231
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• 2007

염분변화에 대한 양식 멍게 Halocynthia roretzi의 생리적 변화를 알아보기 위하여 생존율과 염분감소에 따른 삼투조절능, 산소소비율, 암모니아질소배설률 및 여수율 등의 생리적 반응을 조사하였다. 염분변화에 따른 삼투질농도의 순치시간은 60% 희석해수에서 $20{\sim}46$시간 소요되었으며, 80% 희석해수에서는 $20{\sim}25$시간, 고염분인 110% 해수에서는 노출된 지 $7{\sim}8$시간 만에 순치하여 저염분에 비해 빠르게 순치하였다. 생존율은 염분26.4 psu 이상에서 생존율 80% 이상을 나타내었으며, 6일 동안의 $LS_{50}$은 25.4 psu이었다. 멍게의 산소소비율, 암모니아질소배설률 및 여수율 등의 대사반응은 노출초기에 비해 노출 4일째 증가 혹은 감소의 뚜렷한 반응을 보였으며, O:N비는 노출기간 동안 염분 $26.4{\sim}6.6\;psu$에서 15 이하의 낮은 값을 보이고 있는 것으로 보아 노출초기부터 염분에 대한 스트레스를 심하게 받는 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.397-403
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• 2015

Heavy metals reduce the photosynthetic efficiency and disrupt metabolic reactions in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, by replacing the metal ions in metalloproteins that use essential metal ions, such as Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe, as co-factors, heavy metals ultimately lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These, in turn, cause destruction of the cell membrane through lipid peroxidation, and eventually cause the plant to necrosis. Given the aforementioned factors, this study was aimed to understand the physiological responses of rice to cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) toxicity and the effect of essential metal ions on homeostasis. In order to confirm the level of physiological inhibition caused by heavy metal toxicity, hydroponically grown rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin) plants were exposed with $0-50{\mu}M$ cadmium (Cd, $CdCl_2$) and arsenic (As, $NaAsO_2$) at 3-leaf stage, and then investigated malondialdehyde (MDA) contents after 7 days of the treatment. With increasing concentrations of Cd and As, the MDA content in leaf blade and root increased with a consistent trend. At 14 days after treatment with $30{\mu}M$ Cd and As, plant height showed no significant difference between Cd and As, with an identical reduction. However, As caused a greater decline than Cd for shoot fresh weight, dry weight, and water content. The largest amounts of Cd and As were found in the roots and also observed a large amount of transport to the leaf sheath. Interestingly, in terms of Cd transfer to the shoot parts of the plant, it was only transported to upper leaf blades, and we did not detect any Cd in lower leaf blades. However, As was transferred to a greater level in lower leaf blades than in upper leaf blades. In the roots, Cd inhibited Zn absorption, while As inhibited Cu uptake. Furthermore, in the leaf sheath, while Cd and As treatments caused no change in Cu homeostasis, they had an antagonist effect on the absorption of Zn. Finally, in both upper and lower leaf blades, Cd and As toxicity was found to inhibit absorption of both Cu and Zn. Based on these results, it would be considered that heavy metal toxicity causes an increase in lipid peroxidation. This, in turn, leads to damage to the conductive tissue connecting the roots, leaf sheath, and leaf blades, which results in a reduction in water content and causes several physiological alterations. Furthermore, by disrupting homeostasis of the essential metal ions, Cu and Zn, this causes complete heavy metal toxicity.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2018

In this research, the psychological and physiological reactions of the driver were measured during winter to evaluate thermal comfort. The experiment was conducted using 3 different cases which are hot air heating, warm-wire seat heating and hot air & warm-wire seat heater operating simultaneously. With regard to psychological reaction, the warm-wire heating mode was the most preferred. The reason is that it is dry in other cases. With regard to EEG response, thermal comfort increased by 37% in warm air mode heating. In addition, when the warm-wire heating mode and the hot air & warm-wire heating mode were simultaneously operated, the thermal comfort continuously increased by between 17% and 20% for 20 minutes after boarding. Under the change of the autonomic nervous system, the thermal stress level increased by 23% after 15 minutes on board in the hot air heating mode and decreased continuously by 13% during the warm-wire seat heating mode. We recommended the hot air heating mode is only used for a short time to raise the inside temperature during the early boarding period and that warm-wire seat heating mode be actively utilized.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.212-217
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• 2000

떫은감 탄닌성분의 이화학적 기능적 특성을 연구하기 위해서 과실의 숙도에 따라 탄닌성분을 분리하여 단백질반응성, 항산화능, 아질산염 제거능 및 부패성 미생물의 생육에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. 떫은감 탄닌성분의 단백질 반응성은 온도상승에 따라 증가하는 경향이었으며, 녹숙감과 완숙감에서 분리한 탄닌성분이 연시에서 분리한 탄닌성분에 비해 단백질 반응성이 높았다. 녹숙감의 탄닌성분은 ascorbic acid와 유사한 항산화능을 나타내었으며 pH 1.2에서 30mg 탄닌처리시 아질산염제거능이 거의 100%에 달했다. 또 한 녹숙기 탄닌은 부패성 미생물에 매해 뚜렷한 저해를 보였으며, 특히 E. coil와 V. parahaemolyticus에 대한 저해가 현저하였다. 완숙기 탄닌성분의 경우 pH와 유사한 수준의 항산화능과 pH 1.2에서 93.91%의 아질산염제거능을 나타내었다. 이에 반해 연시 탄닌성분은 항산화능, 아질산염제거능이 매우 낮았으며, 미생물 생육저해능도 미미하여 녹숙기 완숙기 탄닌과는 큰 차이를 보였다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2007

This study compared and studied the clothing mobility of two types of aerobic clothes - those made of currently popular stretch materials and those made of new stretch materials that were specially developed for this study. The focus of the comparison was on the range of joint movement during activity, and the physiological burden imposed on the body by the clothes. In total, 18 experiments were carried out under controlled conditions in an artificial climatic chamber with a temperature of $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, air humidity of $60{\pm}5^{\circ}C$ and negligible air movement. Each exercise program consisted of a 30-minute of aerobic workout and a 20-minute rest following the exercise. Measurements were taken to determine the following: physiological reactions (whole-body and local sweat rates), subjective sensations(of temperature, humidity, comfort, tightness, and clothing wetness), joint angle(measured with a goniometer), and so on. The results of the study us as follows: Material B excels in clothing mobility. Material C excels in sweat absorbency and drying speed. Material A was found to be the hottest material, while material C was found to be slightly hot through the analysis of the change in pre- and post-exercise bodyweight(= amount of sweat). Regarding the amount of evaporated sweat, material A>material C>material B. Material B produced the smallest amount of evaporated sweat. The wider the range of joint movement, the smaller the amount of sweat and the lower the average skin temperature.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2017

호산성미생물은 pH가 낮은 환경에서 살아가는 미생물로서 산화, 환원 반응을 통하여, 금속을 포함한 물질들의 순환에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는, 국내의 폐광산 및 제주 곶자왈 지역의 산성토양으로부터 배양을 통해 50여 종 이상의 미생물을 분리하였으며, 분자계통학적 분석을 통하여 최종, Gammaproteobacteria 강에 속하는 미생물 6종, Actinobacteria 강에 속하는 미생물 5종, Betaproteobacteria 강에 속하는 미생물 4종, Alphaproteobacteria 강에 속하는 미생물 2종, Bacilli 강에 속하는 미생물 2종을 얻을 수 있었다. 이들은 공통적으로 낮은 pH의 조건에서 살아가는 미생물임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 확보한 산성토양내의 미생물들의 생리적 특징은 앞으로의 다양한 국내 미생물 자원의 활용에 기초적인 지식을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.199-203
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• 2002

Soft rot occurred severely in onion bulbs stored under low temperature ($5^{\circ}C$) in storage houses at Changyoung, Kyungnam province, Korea in early 2000. Water-soaking and yellowish-brown lesions initially appeared on the outside scales of diseased onion bulbs, gradually progressing into the inside scales. Among the bacterial isolates obtained from the lesions, K-2 isolate was found to be responsible for the disease, which grew at a temperature range of from $0^{\circ}C$ to $36^{\circ}C$ with optimum temperature of $00^{\circ}$-$33^{\circ}C$. However, it showed strong pathogenicity to onion bulbs at $25^{\circ}C$ and $5^{\circ}C$ at 3 days and 2 months, respectively. The bacterium also caused soft rot on potato and showed hypersensitive reactions to tobacco and potato. The causal bacterium of onion soft rot was identified as Pseudomonas marginalis based on morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics including LOPAT, Soft rot in onion under low temperature storage caused by P. marginalis has not been previously reported.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.116-126
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• 1998

This study was conducted to examine the effect of difference in materials of aerobic wear on both human body's physiological reactions and subjective wearing sensation by comparing and analysing not only cotton sparidex A, B and C but nylon spandex D, E and F used as actually wearing materials. The rectal temperature of type A and I remained at high degree, the type C was higher from after high-speed running but dropped sharply when taking a break finally. Both skin temperature and mean skin temperature dropped sharply due to sweat occurred during physical exercise, and then rose slowly when taking a break. Type A -D and B-I showed that the mean skin temperature remained at high degree when wearing a cotton spandex. Type C's temperature within its aerobic wear was lower than type F while its relative humidity was higher than type F. Wearing sensation showed a change similar to wearing, particularly, which was remarkable in type B-E. Also, it was shown that humidity sensation, tactile sensation and comfort sensation were good when wearing the cotton spandex.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2011

Magnesium (Mg) plays an essential role in physiological and metabolic reactions. Recently, there has been an increased interest in the role of Mg deficiency, particularly the relationship between serum Mg value and inflammatory response. This study was designed to determine the relationship between serum Mg deficiency with inflammatory response, electrolytes and hematological alteration over long-term periods. Sixteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: control (n=8), and Mg deficiency group (MgD group, n=8). Chow and normal water (tap water) were regularly provided to the control group and Mg-depleted chow and third distilled water were regularly provided for 60 days to the MgD group. Body weights, Serum Mg, $K^+$, inorganic phosphorus (IP) and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) levels in the MgD group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Granulocyte fraction and MCV, RDW and PDW levels were higher, whereas lymphocyte fraction, erythrocyte, hemoglobin and MCHC levels were lower in the MgD group than in the control group (P<0.05). MCP-1 and TNF-${\alpha}$ levels in the MgD group were greater than those of the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that Mg deficiency over a long-term period had not altered total leukocyte concentration in the blood, but had detrimental effects, including disturbances of electrolytes balance, disturbance of iron indices, potential anemia and elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokine. However, further studies should be performed to determine the relationship between serum Mg deficiency and major organ damage or alteration.