• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was investigated to identify the relationship among hospital nursing organizational structure(decentralization, communication, bed/nurse ratio), process(nurses' job satisfaction, nurses' clinical experiences, nurses' unit experiences), and nursing outcome(patient satisfaction, physiologic adaptation, length of stay, number of complication). Method: The subjects consisted of 86 hysterectomy patients and 23 nurses in gynecology unit. Data were collected from May 16, 2002 to August 15. 2003 by the structured questionnaires and chart review. Data analysis was done with ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, path analysis. Result: Relationship between organizational structure and process ; Bed/nurse ratio was negatively related to nurses' job satisfaction(r=- .37, p<.05), and nurses' clinical experience(r=- .69, p<.00). Decentralization(r=.42, p<.05) and comunication(r=.61, p<.00) were positively related to nurses' clinical experiences. Relationship between process and nursing outcome ; There was a significant relationship between nurses' unit experiences and patient satisfaction(r=.63, p<.00), nurses' job satisfaction and physiologic adaptation(r= .44, p<.05), nurses' unit experiences and physiologic adaptation(r=.64, p<.00), Relationship between organizational structure and nursing outcome ; Decentralization and communication were positively related to patient satisfaction(r=.86, p<.00 ; r=.88, p<.00) and physiologic adaptation(r=,51, p<.01, r=.64, p<.00). Conclusion: Nurses' unit experience, communication, decentralization were significant variables for patient satisfaction. Nurses' unit experience, nurses' job satisfaction, communication were significant variables for patient physiologic adaptation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.99-110
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• 2018

The data were collected from 171 physiologic malodor patients diagnosed in KUMC halitosis control clinic between 2008 and 2016. We selected 11 independent variables and 3 dependent variables, then planned to extract some convergent common factors affecting their physiologic malodor. We thought that those extracted convergent common factors could be utilized when preparing the contents of oral malodor preventive program. We used multiple regression analysis and path analysis method, for the analysis of influence of 11 independent factors to three salivary dependent factors(resting salivary flow rate, salivary buffering capacity, salivary precipitation rate). We have presented the physiologic malodor patients' chracteristics by descriptive statistical analysis, and also statistically analysed convergent common factors influencing directly or indirectly to their three dependent factors. We could reason that the sex, the character, the intake habit of breakfast, and the regular food intake habit could affect resting salivary flow rate, salivary buffering capacity and salivary precipitation rate.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.134-142
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• 2016

Temperature increase and precipitation changes caused by change alter aquatic environments including water quantity and quality that eventually affects the habitat of aquatic organisms. Such changes in habitat lead to changes in habitat suitability of the organisms, which eventually determines species distribution. Therefore, conventional habitat suitability models were investigated to evaluate habitat suitability changes of freshwater fish cause by change. Habitat suitability models can be divided into habitat-hydraulic (PHABSIM, CCHE2D, CASiMiR, RHABSIM, RHYHABSIM, and River2D) and habitat-physiologic (CLIMEX) models. Habitat-hydraulic models use hydraulic variables (velocity, depth, substrate) to assess habitat suitability, but lack the ability to evaluate the effect of water quality, including temperature. On the contrary, CLIMEX evaluates the physiological response against climatic variables, but lacks the ability to interpret the effects of physical habitat (hydraulic variables). A new concept of ecological habitat suitability modeling (EHSM) is proposed to overcome such limitations by combining the habitat-hydraulic model (PHABSIM) and the habitat-physiologic model (CLIMEX), which is able to evaluate the effect of more environmental variables than each conventional model. This model is expected to predict fish habitat suitability according to climate change more accurately.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.529-539
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• 2007

Purpose: This quantitative meta analysis sought to determine the effectiveness of SMIs. Method: Forty-six experimental studies with a randomized or nonequivalent control group pre-post test design were included in the analysis. The selected studies were classified according to the sample characteristics, the types and methods of the interventions, and the types of outcome variables. Six intervention types were distinguished: cognitive-behavioral intervention(CBT), relaxation techniques(RT), exercise(EX), multimodal programs 1 and 2(MT1, 2), and organization-focused interventions(OTs). Effect sizes were calculated for the 4 outcome categories across intervention types: psycho-social outcome, behavioral-personal resources, physiologic, and organizational outcome. Results : Individual worker-focused interventions(ITs) were more effective than OTs. A small but significant overall effect was found A moderate effect was found for RT, and small effects were found for other ITs, The effect size for OTs was the smallest. The interventions involving CBT and RT appeared to be the preferred means of reducing worker's psycho-social and organizational outcomes. With regard to physiologic outcomes, RT appeared to be most effective. CBT appeared to be most effective in reducing psycho-social outcomes. The effects of OT were non-significant, except for the psycho-social outcomes. Conclusions: SMIs are effective. Interventions involving RT and CBT are more effective than other types.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.93-112
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• 2002

Recently, the number of the elderly has increased according to the improvement of socioeconomic status and the efficient medical care system. In spite of the development of medicine, the elderly suffers from the various health problems caused by weakness of musculoskeletal system, cardiopulmonary function and immunologic dysfunction. Regular rhythmic exercise program is known to be one of the effective tools to enhance the health condition in the elderly. However, there has been few studies to evaluate the comprehensive effects of rhythmic movement program on the elderly. This study was focused to evaluate the indices of cardiopulmonary function, life satisfaction, calcium, phosphorous, osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline which are the essential factors of health problems in the elderly women. Twenty six subjects, aged between 68 and 72, who can do the ordinary activities and do not have cardiovascular dysfunction and mental disorder, participated in this study. They were divided into two groups: 13 in the experimental group and 13 in the control group. The experimental group participated in the rhythmic movement program at the welfare center located in G-city. The program were consisted of three sessions a week during 10 weeks. Each session had three parts: warming up(10 minutes), main exercise(40 minutes), finishing(10 minutes). Heart rate, blood pressure and peripheral arterial oxygen saturation were measured for the evaluation of cardiopulmonary function. Serum calcium, phosphorous, osteocalcin and urine deoxypyridinoline were measured as the indices of bony metabolism. Data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, $x^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test using SPSS PC+ program. The results of this study were as follows. 1) Heart rate of the experimental group showed significant decrease following the rhythmic movement program. Peripheral arterial oxygen saturation of the experimental group showed significant increase following the program. 2) The degree of life satisfaction of the experimental group showed significant increase following the program. 3) Calcium showed significant decrease following the program but remained within normal range. There was no significant difference of phosphorous between two groups. 4) Osteocalcin, the index of bone formation, showed no significant change following the program, but significant increase in the experimental group comparing with the control group. 5) Deoxypyridinoline, the index of bone resorption, in urine of the experimental group showed significant decrease following the program. In conclusion, the rhythmic exercise program in the elderly showed the improvement of physiologic function and favorable effects on life satisfaction and bony metabolism. According to the above results, the regular rhythmic movement program can be strongly recommended for the improvement of health in the elderly women.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.122-133
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of body positioning on $PaO_2$, $SpO_2$, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse, and respiration(above all defined physiologic index), of patients with unilateral lung disease. The subjects for this study were eleven patients admitted to I.C.U. of K.H.M.C. with a diagnosis of unilateral lung disease confirmed by chest X-ray and the attending doctor, from January 30th. to April 20th. 1999. A quasi-experimental repeated-measures cross-over design was used to compare three body positions(semi-Fowler's, lateral decubitus with good lung dependent, and lateral decubitus with diseased lung dependent). Each subject spent 30 minutes in semi-Fowler's position and 2 hours in good lung dependent position and diseased lung dependent position. Starting in the semi-Fowler's position, then in the lateral position with the good lung dependent or the diseased lung dependent as assigned in random order. Thirty minutes after each positioning, arterial blood sample was analyzed. Measurements of all physiologic index were recorded at the specified intervals(0, 30, 60 90, and 120 minutes) in good lung dependent and diseased lung dependent position. Statistical comparison of $PaO_2$ value was done using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, and Multivariate repeated-measures analysis of variance was performed to analyse the within-subject effect of two dependent position for 2 hours on the five dependent variables: (1) $PaO_2$ (2) $SpO_2$ (3) systolic blood pressure (4) diastolic blood pressure (5) pulse. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The $PaO_2$ value in the good lung dependent position was significantly higher than the $PaO_2$ value in the diseased lung dependent position(Z=-2.8451, p=.002). 2. The $PaO_2$ value in the good lung dependent position was significantly higher than the $PaO_2$ value in the semi-Fowler's position (Z=-2.6673, p=.003). 3. The difference between the $PaO_2$ value in the semi-Fowler's position and the $PaO_2$ value in the diseased lung dependent position was not significant(Z=-1.2448, p=.10). 4. There were no statistically significance in the trends of physiologic index in the good lung dependent position and the diseased lung dependent position. From the results, it may be concluded that the good lung dependent position is the most effective position for patients with unilateral lung disease that improve oxygenation. Identification of positioning over time may be need further studies.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.995-1005
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• 2000

This study was performed to identify the physiological and psychological variables related to successful weaning from a mechanical ventilator. The subjects of this study were 22 patients who received mechanical ventilation therapy for more than 3 days in intensive care units. Before the weaning trial, baseline data for following physiologic variables were obtained: spontaneous respiration rate, blood pressure, pulse rate, PaO2, PaCO2, PEEP, static compliance, minute ventilation, tidal volume, rapid shallow breathing index(f/VT), SaO2, PaO2/FiO2 and mean arterial pressure. During spontaneous breathing, physiologic and psychologic variables such as vital signs, ABG, perspiration, chest retraction, paradoxical respiration, dyspnea, anxiety, confidence and efficacy were measured. Successful weaning was defined as sustaining spontaneous respiration over 24 hours after extubation. Weaning failure was defined as the development of more than one of following signs: (1) hypoxemia, (2) CO2 retention or (3) perspiration, tachypnea, chest retraction, tachycardia, arrhythmia, hypotension or hypertension. Subjects (N=18) who successfully weaned from mechanical ventilator were compared with subjects (N=4) who failed. The results are as follows; Eighteen percents of the subjects failed during the weaning trial. Most subjects in the failed group were mechanically ventilated for long-time. This result shows that the success of weaning is more difficult in long-term ventilation patients. In the baseline data that was measured before weaning trial, the mean score of PaO2 in the successfully weaned group was 121mmHg. This is significantly higher than the mean score of PaO2 in the failed group(95mmHg). However, the scores of pH, tidal volume, f/VT, pulse rates, blood pressure, mean airway pressure, SaO2, and PaCO2 were similar between the two groups. Specially the scores of f/VT index as a predominant predictor for successful weaning were not significant (f/VT=44.4) and (f/VT=47). During spontaneous breathing, the scores of dyspnea and anxiety level in the successfully weaned group were less than those of the failed group. On the contrary, the scores of confidence and efficacy in the successful group were greater than those of the failed group. In conclusion, the baseline data that were measured before weaning trial were similar between the both groups, therefore future studies are needed to focus on searching other variables besides physiological parameters related to weaning outcome.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze nursing research trends on the complementary and alternative therapies (CAT) for the cancer patients in Korea. Method: Thirty eight articles published in 17 nursing-related journal from 1987 to 2008 were analyzed. Results: Nursing Researches on CAT for the cancer patients have increased since 2000. Among the 38 studies, 34 studies used Quasi-experimental design and 13 studies (33%) were conducted for the breast cancer patients. Mind-body therapy (53%), manual healing therapy (42%), and pharmacologic and biological therapy (5%) were the often used CAT types. Nausea, vomiting, vital signs, immune cell, pain, and fatigue were measured as physiologic outcome variables; anxiety, depression, and hope as psychological outcome variables; and quality of life as social outcome variables. Conclusion: More CAM studies are needed targeting the patients with various cancer types and home-based cancer patients.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.141-149
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• 2003

Median frequency can be regarded as a valid indicator of local muscle fatigue. As local muscle fatigue develops, the muscle fiber conduction velocity decreases, the fast twitch fibers are recruited less, and consequently the median frequency shifts toward the lower frequency area. The aim of this study was to test the characteristics of the median frequency according to exercise load (30% and 60% of MVC on the biceps brachii, 40% and 80% of MVC on the vastus lateralis) during the fatiguing isometric exercise. Thirteen healthy male volunteer students of Yonsei University were recruited. After the testing maximal voluntary isometric contraction, three variables (initial median frequency, regression slope, fatigue index) from the regression line of MDF data were measured in each exercise load. The results showed that the regression slope and fatigue index were significantly different for the biceps brachii, but not for the vastus lateralis initial MDF was not significant difference according to the exercise load on both muscles. The regression slope and fatigue index could monitor physiologic muscle change during fatiguing isometric exercise. The results showed that two MDF variables reflect the local muscle fatigue according to the exercise load.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.31-42
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate bio-medical and behavioral risk factor of stroke according to the level of blood pressure among the prospective tele-health users. Method: A descriptive study was conducted using interviews with a structured questionnaire. Of the households in the village, 24 households were selected for inclusion in the study. Among all of the residents from these households, a total of 48 residents who completed all the blood tests as well as the questionnaire. Results: Among bio-medical risk factors including demographic characteristics, physiologic variables, and health history, only triglyceride(TG) was significantly different among normal, prehypertension, and hypertension groups(F=3.78, p<.05). However, regarding behavioral variables, those who were classified as prehypertension and hypertension group reported more frequent drinking, those who were in prehypertension group reported highest scores of stress and lowest frequency of exercise, and those who were in normal and hypertension group showed higher scores of interest on health and lower scores of perceived seriousness of disease and health knowledge than those who were in prehypertension group. Conclusion: Identification and implementation of modifiable risk factors of stroke according to the level of blood pressure are crucial for health care utilizing tele-medicine.