• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.197-200
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• 2008

In this paper, physical scale modeling was employed to identify the configurations of ICCP system and the electric field signatures. Computational boundary element modeling technique has been used to simulate the performance of the CP system and to predict the associated electric fields signatures. The optimization methods combined with the computer models and physical scale modeling will be presented here, which enable the optimum system design to be achieved both in terms of the location and current output of the anode but also in the location of reference electrodes for impressed current cathodic protection(ICCP) systems. The combined methodology was utilized to determine optimal placement of ICCP components (anodes and reference electrodes) and to evaluate performance of ICCP system for the 2%, 10% and 14% wetted hull coatings loss. The objective is to design the system to minimise the electric field while at the same time provide adequate protection for the ship. The results show that experimental scale modeling and computational modeling techniques can be used in concert to design an optimum ICCP system and to provide information for quickly analysis of the system and its surrounding environment.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.747-752
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• 2009

A vulnerability assessment is essential for the efficient operation of a physical protection system (PPS). Previous assessment codes have used a simple model called an adversary sequence diagram. In this study, the use of a two-dimensional (2D) map of a facility as a model for a PPS is suggested as an alternative approach. The analysis of a 2D model, however, consumes a lot of time. Accordingly, a generalized heuristic algorithm has been applied to address this issue. The proposed assessment method was implemented to a computer code; Systematic Analysis of physical Protection Effectiveness (SAPE). This code was applied to a variety of facilities and evaluated for feasibility by applying it to various facilities. To help upgrade a PPS, a sensitivity analysis of all protection elements along a chosen path is proposed. SAPE will help to accurately and intuitively assess a PPS.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.85-86
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• 2013

This paper describes the physical configuration and features of the advanced control and protection devices, and operation control and monitoring system that are connected to a real time simulator for LS Industrial System 80kV 60 MW Jeju HVDC Pilot Project. Highlight of simulation result are provided to demonstrate the control and protection functionality.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.1661-1668
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• 2020

A physical protection system (PPS) is used for the protection of critical facilities. This paper proposes a structure analytic hierarchy approach (SAHA) for the hierarchical evaluation of the PPS effectiveness in critical infrastructure. SAHA is based on the traditional analysis methods "estimate of adversary sequence interruption, EASI". A community algorithm is used in the building of the SAHA model. SAHA is applied to cluster the associated protection elements for the topological design of complicated PPS with graphical vertexes equivalent to protection elements.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.69-82
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• 2000

Physical therapists are exposured to radio-and microwave-frequency electromagnetic radiation by operating electrotherapy units. So there is few protection system in physical therapy room. Clinical pathology room and so on where various kins of electromagnetic instruments is used in hospital while protection failities like protection wall or protection glass is being used only in radiological room to reduce the damage of radiation. Acoording to Larsen's survey on female physical therapist in denmark. it was said that the percentage of congenital malfornation was $3.6\%$ and cadiac malformation made up $0.7\%$. It is likely that effect of electromagnetic fields on the result cannot be ruled out. Rita ouellet-Hellstron and Walter F. Steward insisted that the danger of abortion increase in the case of pregnant femeal physical therapist exposured to microwave diathermy. The intention of our study is arousing the necessity of microwave protection in P.T room and finding the proper method for physical therapist safe. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Each electrotherapy units are occurrenced the electromagnetic fields, and specially amply occurrenced in H.P,I.C.T 2 unit operating, M.W.D unit head on parallel, S.W.D unit head on parallel. all electrotherapy units are operating. 2. There were electric fields mount are consideration to species of electrotherapy units(p<.05). 3. There were magnetic fields mount are consideration to species of electrotherapy units(p<.05). 4. There were electric fields mount are consideration to distance of electrotherapy units(p<.05). 7. There were magnetic fields mount are consideration nut to distance of electrotherapy units(p>.05). 8. Before and after protection on magnetic fields mount are consideration to all distance(0m, 0.3m, 1m, 3m, 5m)(p<.05) 9. Before and after protection on electric fields mount are consideration to 0m, 1m, 3m distance(p<.05), and consideration not to 0.3m, 5m distance(p>.05) 10. After protection fellow the each electrotherapy units. distance, intencity to electromagnetic fields are reduced(p<.05).

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.27
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• pp.129-159
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• 2011

Physical security has always been an extremely important facet within the security arena. A comprehensive security plan consists of three components of physical security, personal security and information security. These elements are interrelated and may exist in varying degrees defending on the type of enterprise or facility being protected. The physical security component of a comprehensive security program is usually composed of policies and procedures, personal, barriers, equipment and records. Human beings kept restless struggle to preserve their and tribal lives. However, humans in prehistoric ages did not learn how to build strong house and how to fortify their residence, so they relied on their protection to the nature and use caves as protection and refuge in cold days. Through the history of man, human has been establishing various protection methods to protect himself and his tribe's life and assets. Physical security methods are set in the base of these security methods. Those caves that primitive men resided was rounded with rock wall except entrance, so safety was guaranteed especially by protection for tribes in all directions. The Great Wall of China that is considered as the longest building in the history was built over one hundred years from about B.C. 400 to prevent the invasion of northern tribes, but this wall enhanced its protection function to small invasions only, and Mongolian army captured the most part of China across this wall by about 1200 A.D. European lords in the Middle Ages built a moat by digging around of castle or reinforced around of the castle by making bascule bridge, and provided these protections to the resident and received agricultural products cultivated. Edwin Holmes of USA in 20 centuries started to provide innovative electric alarm service to the development of the security industry in USA. This is the first of today's electrical security system, and with developments, the security system that combined various electrical security system to the relevant facilities takes charging most parts of today's security market. Like above, humankind established various protection methods to keep life in the beginning and its development continues. Today, modern people installed CCTV to the most facilities all over the country to cope with various social pathological phenomenon and to protect life and assets, so daily life of people are protected and observed. Most of these physical security systems are installed to guarantee our safety but we pay all expenses for these also. Therefore, establishing effective physical security system is very important and urgent problem. On this study, it is suggested methods of establishing effective physical security system by using system integration on the principle of security design about effective security system's effective establishing method of physical security system that is increasing rapidly by needs of modern society.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.37-53
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• 2020

Today, our society is exposed to cyber threats, such as the leakage of personal information, as various systems are connected and operated organically with the development of information and communication technology. With the impact of these cyber risks, we are experiencing damage from the virtual world to the physical world. As the number of cases of damage caused by cyber attacks has continued to rise, social voices have risen that the government needs to manage cyber risks. Thus, information and telecommunication service providers are now mandatory to have insurance against personal information protection due to amendment of "the Act on Promotion of Information and Communication Network Utilization and Information Protection". However, the insurance management system has not been properly prepared, with information and communication service providers selecting the service operators based on sales volume rather than selecting them based on the type and amount of personal information they store and manage. In order for the personal information protection liability insurance system to be used more effectively in line with the legislative purpose, effective countermeasures such as cooperation with the government and related organizations and provision of benefits for insured companies should be prepared. Thus, the author of this study discuss the current status of personal information protection liability insurance system and the issues raised in the operation of the system. Based on the results of this analysis, the authors propsoe tasks and plans to establish an effective personal information protection liability insurance system.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.61
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• pp.9-38
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• 2019

As the scales & density of the Korean national infrastructures have been increased, they will be identified as rich and attractive potential targets for intensified North Korea's attack in the rear region and terrorism attack. In addition, due to changes in security environment such as drone threats and lack of security forces under the 52-hour workweek law, I think that it is the proper time point to reevaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of the current physical protection system and its shift to a new system. In this study, the direction and improvement of the perimeter physical protection systems of the national infrastructures are to be studied from the viewpoints of its concepts of operations and design methodology, focusing on the nuclear power plant. The reason why we focus on nuclear power plants is because they cause wide-range and long-term damages caused by radioactive materials disperal and pollution, along with short-term damage caused by the interruption of electricity generation in the event of damage to nuclear power plants. With the aim of extracting improvement directions, as we will comprehensively review domestic research trends and domestic·overseas related laws, and consider Korea's specificity, we try to reframe the concept of operation - systematization, mobilization and flexibility -, and establish criteria on system change. In order to improve the technical performance of the new perimeter physical protection system, we study on high-fidelity·multi-methodology based integrated design methodology, breaking from individual silo-type design methods, and I suggest improvement of government procurement, its expansion to export business and other national infrastructure.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

Korean Industrial Standards for lightning protection system complies with IEC standards. However, the standards are applicable only to buildings and structures more than 20 meters in high. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether lightning protection system should be installed on structures lower than 20 meters high. This paper proposes an efficient method of assessing risk against lightning of structures lower than 20 meters high. The method suggests simplified lightning protection system and provides selecting an appropriate protection level. The suggested method assumes that structure under assessment has no lightning protection system and there is no person around the structure at the moment of lightning stroke. A simplified method of assessing the risk to human within the structure is developed by adopting the general assessment factor. The selection of a protection level is possible by comparing tolerable risk with physical damage risk caused by a direct lightning. Finally, this paper gives ways to establish surge protection measures when a structure with lightning risk is within a radius of 2km from the assessed structure even if this structure requires no lightning protection system.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2014

Recently Korea and many countries are legislated for pedestrian protection as following the GTR(Global Technical Regulation). Most NCAP organization have been applying pedestrian protection results in their own rating system in individual or overall rating. Euro NCAP agency has been introduced it first. From the beginning, Euro NCAP had assessed occupant and pedestrian protection. It has become to strengthen a pedestrian protection protocol every time published. Korea NCAP also has been rating pedestrian protection with overall rating system. This paper proposed to study new pedestrian protection protocol especially upper leg in order to find injury response based on physical test. On Euro NCAP, the upper leg injury are assessed two kind of value which are bending moment and force.