• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.177-187
• /
• 2002

This study was done to determine the factors associated with childhood overweight in 721 sixth grade elementary school students, in Busan. The students' heights, weights, waist circumferences and triceps-skinfold thicknesses were measured using standard techniques. Other data were collected using a questionnaire that included information about physical activity, television watching, and the amount of exorcise taken during leisure times, family history of diseases related to obesity: social data including family income, parents'education and occupations, eating behaviors; parental weights and heights; and parental activity levels. Childhood overweight was defined as a body mass index at or above the 85th percentile for age and sex. The prevalence of overweight revealed no significant difference between sexes, (24.2% in boys and 22.03% in girls). The risk of childhood overweight was significantly greater if either the mother or the father were overweight. The odds ratio for childhood overweight associated with maternal overweight was 5.045 (94% CI : 3.262-7.801), and 2.727 (95% CI : 1.764-4.218) was the case for parental overweight. Children having a history of hear diseases had higher odds ratios than those who did not. The odds ratios for overweight associated with income were not different. However, a higher odds ratio for overweight was observed in children whose fathers had only an elementary or middle school education than those whore fathers had a high school or college education. Children whose fathers' occupations were service workers or shopkeepers (OR : 3.314, 95% C = 1.851-5.934) or had no occupation (OR = 3.756, 95% CI : 1.898-7.430) had a treater risk of overweight than those whose fathers'were professionals or once workers. The risk of overweight increased in children having more irregular meal times and faster eating times, rather than those having an intake pattern of high energy and sugar containing floods. The amount of exercise taken during leisure times, and daily physical activity showed no difference between overweight and non-overweight children. However, television watching time, especially on weekends, was greater in overweight children than in non-overweight children. Television watching time was positively correlated with BMI, triceps-skin(31d thickness, waist circumference and waist/height ratio. Therefore, television watching was found to be a useful predictor of overweight in children. Television watching in children was negatively related to paternal activity levels, and positively related to parental television watching time. In fact, fathers whose children were overweight were physically less active than fathers whose children were non-overweight. Parents appeared to be a strong influence on their children's physical activity levels. In conclusion, a low family social class, defined on the basis of the father's occupation or education, parental overweight, increased television watching, and unhealthy physical activity levels in parents were all considered risk factors for childhood overweight. Among these, television watching time and lack of physical activity were considered to be the most important risk factors that could be easily modified for the prevention of and intervention in, overweight in children.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.255-264
• /
• 2017

The study is aimed to investigate the relationship between physical competence and physical education class satisfaction. For this purpose, 556 questionnaires were used for the final analysis by using convenience extraction method for middle and high school students. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics for each factor were presented using PASW ver. 18.0 program, and exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted for factor extraction and item internal consistency confirmation. Furthermore, a multiple regression analysis was conducted to clarify the relation between physical competence and satisfaction of class, and the results were as follows: First, feedback factors influenced the relationship between physical competence and teaching behavior. Second, athletic performance, victory, peer comparison factor, etc. influenced the relationship between physical competence and satisfaction of class. Third, the feedbacks and the experience factors influenced the relationship between the physical competence and the physical environment. Fourth, feedback factors also influenced the relationship between physical competence and athletic ability.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
• /
• v.15 no.7
• /
• pp.87-96
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of the Physical Activity Promotion System(PAPS) implemented in elementary, middle, and high schools in Korea and to prepare improvement measures. The data of the study was obtained through in-depth interviews, related papers, and press releases. The research participants of this study were 5 incumbent physical education teachers who directly instruct and measure PAPS at school and 5 college students who directly experienced PAPS. The results of the study are as follows. First, the problems that occurred in the educational environment of PAPS were students' indifference, teachers' passive guidance, and decreased physical education hours replaced by PAPS measurement days. Second, the problems occurring in the measurement environment of PAPS were errors due to measurement equipment, deviations due to different measurement locations, and differences in grades according to measurement items. Third, the problems that occur in the measurement process of PAPS are the lack of measurement personnel, the expedient physical fitness measurement, and the non-standardized measurement method. In order to improve these problems and successfully apply PAPS, the following improvement measures should be attempted. Details on this are as follows. First, teachers should inspire students' interest and interest in PAPS. Second, it is necessary to secure the reliability of the measurement result value of PAPS. Third, it is necessary to systematically supplement the school education system for PAPS measurement.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.77-87
• /
• 2000

The purpose of the study is to understand the change process of middle school students' physics conceptions by the presented types of conflict situations. 274 middle school students were selected from one school in Pusan, however 257 students were participated in all the procedure of the study. After we classified students' physics conceptions into scientific and unscientific conceptions, presented three types of conflict situations. In this study three different cognitive conflict strategies were adopted; the first one is logical arguments(LCS: logical conflict situation), the second is actual demonstration(DCS: demonstrational conflict situation), and the third is two strategies together(DLCS). In this study, first, we investigated the change process of students' physics conceptions by three types of conflict situations. Second, we compared the effect of three conflict situations presentation, which includes positive effect by conceptual change from misconception to scientific conception and negative effect by conceptual change from scientific conception to misconception. Third, we studied characteristics of conceptual change by characteristics of conflict situations. In result, DLCS group and DCS group were more positive effect than LCS group in mechanics, DLCS group and LCS group were more positive effect than DCS group in electricity. It seems that mechanics are closely related to physical experiences, while electricity are more abstract.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.309-314
• /
• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among the current status of calcium intake from milk and milk products, physical growth and bone mineral density in 664 male and female middle school and high school students aged 15-17 years. In the study, the current status of calcium intake from milk and milk products was analyzed, and the height, body composition, and bone mineral density of the right heel bone (calcaneus) were measured. The daily calcium intake of milk and milk products was calculated as the 'dairy equivalent of calcium', which is the calcium content in 200 mL of white milk. The cutoffs of tertiles of the dairy equivalent of calcium were calculated and then the subjects were categorized into 3 groups according to the tertiles, Q1 group (lower intake group), Q2 group (middle intake group) and Q3 group (upper intake group). The daily calcium intake of milk and milk products in Q1, Q2 and Q3 groups was 16.2 mg, 99.7 mg, and 284.0 mg, respectively, and the ratio of milk and milk product consumption to the daily total calcium intake was 5.4%, 27.4%, and 49.7%, respectively. The ratio of total calcium intake to the daily recommended intake in study subjects was 30.5% in Q1, 42.3% in Q2, and 60.7% in Q3, with significant differences (P < 0.05). Height, body weight, BMI, and % of body fat in three tertile groups (Q1, Q2 and Q3) were not significantly different. However, the T scores for bone mineral density in female students in three tertile groups (Q1, Q2 and Q3) was significantly different (P < 0.05). The study showed that the intake of milk and milk products in adolescents, particularly in girls, can improve the bone mineral density without increasing body weight, and thus confirmed that milk intake is important in adolescence.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.226-233
• /
• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the current status and to suggest future directions for health management of teenagers who use healthy school tuck shops to improve teenagers' eating habits while reducing and preventing obesity. Methods: A total of 29 students (16 middle school students and 13 high school students) took part in the interview for this study, and the interview was conducted for each school's focus group by using qualitative research methodology. Results: The current status of using healthy school tuck shops and suggested future directions were divided into two categories. Personal barriers such as discrepancies between personal perceptions and behaviors and lack of food choice suitable to individual tastes can be solved by rebuilding the operating system to provide intuitive promotion of behavior and customized products through improvements in existing products and new product development. A lack of consistent management from low utilization convenience and difficulty in maintaining a constant purchase price can be handled by establishing a solution to restricted physical access for products, as well as seeking profit by improving distribution costs via continuous cooperation between the school and community. Conclusions: Continuous funding and a system that reflects the needs and preferences of healthy school tuck shop users should be applied for sustainable operation of healthy school tuck shops to improve teenagers' eating habits.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
• /
• v.16 no.1_spc
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2024

This study developed an educational program to help students athletes explore their career options. In preparation for when students in the athletic department do not succeed in sports, the need for career guidance in other fields of our society was emphasized, existing research was analyzed, requirements were identified, and a study plan was designed. Based on this, it was established a career exploration education program for records management system development in a step-by-step. Referring to previous research on career guidance in elementary, middle, and high schools, the study was conducted in the following 4 stages: analysis, development, desingn, application. In addition, students in the athletics department were able to learn more with interest by developing software related to their field. It is expected that this studyresearchwill contribute to eht divesification of research on career guidance for student athletes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.279-288
• /
• 2001

This study investigates the effect of adolescent dining habits on their physical development. We selected 200 students from the three high schools in Taejon, and surveyed with a questionnaire and collected data concerning physique from school health records. The results obtained from this study were as follows: 1. A point of intersection of two development trends of male and female students' heights was between sixth grade of elementary school and first grade of middle school. Two development trends of weights didn't have a point of intersection and male students' development trend of weights was a little higher than that of female students. 2. There were significant differences in the weight and BMI of male students. The 'regular dining' group had heavier weight and higher BMI than the other group, and the 'Eating only favorite food' group had lower weight and BMI than the other group. In female, heights of 'three meals a day' group were higher than that of 'two meals a day' group and the more snacks per day, the higher students' height was. 3. The 'regular exercise' group had significantly heavier weight and higher BMI than the other group amount females. 4. 'Regular dining' and 'Eating habits' had a positive linear relationship with male students' weight and BMI. 'Number of times of snacking' has a positive linear relationships with female students' height and a negative linear relationship with female students' BMI. Since dining habits of adolescents have not only an effect on their development but also later adults' health, to develop good habits of health and dining is a critical issue.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.33-43
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was using a meta-analysis to estimate effect size of school violence prevention program. Using an objective and systematic method, meta-analysis has advantages that prove intervention's amount and direction. Meta-analysis facilitates comprehensive analysis. Through the data collection, 33studies were selected and 129 effect size were calculated as analysis objects. The overall effect size of school violence prevention program was 0.624. In the human characteristic, the affective domain had the largest effect size. Next were the physical domain, cognitive domain, the social domain and the complex domain. Analysis on age of participant, high grade elementary students group had the largest effect size. Next were the high school students, middle school students and the lower grade elementary students group. Analysis on intervention periods, tertiary prevention had a largest effect size. Next were secondary prevention and primary prevention. Based on the findings, implications for future study were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.68-86
• /
• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate consciousness level of physical exercise and analyze factors affection to the practice of exercise. The main purpose of the study was to give basic and necessary data in developing of program regarding to the physical exercise of the people and social athletics. This study was conducted by trained surveyers, for dweller in three cities(Seoul, Taegu and Ulsan) during January 4. 1990 to January 24. 1990. The results of this study can be summarized as follows 1. The subject of criticism an investigation for general charactristic be conducted in Seoul, Taegu and Ulsan city area an objective 417 person, 432 person and 366 person was among those comparatively little more by male was higher rate than female. Those in classification was adopted by age group 20 years old adult 41.3% of most higher rate, age group evaluation, were 24.9％ and other group were 18.4％ comprehensively appearanced by adult group has most many value rate. 2. An objective of investigation survey was made to personnel were comparative an educated level significantly higher such as college graduated 48.8％ this rate of value has most higher, High school graduated ; 30.1％ and middle School gratuated were 11.7％. In addition the native comes from large city, Farming and fishing villages an rural area rate were shown as 29.6％, 28.4% and 19.9% each other. There by classification of occupational job was shown by students has 27.4％ are most higher significantly, also there sales and service field job appearanced 15.1％ and expert technical job is 9.0% Although nonreligion person rate were 37.3%, buddist, Christianity, Roman Catholicism all them each other shown 33.6％, 16.7％ and 12.4%. An evaluation in economic situation value rate was appearanced by middle class level 61.7％ and higher and low level are 14.4％ and 23.9% with each other and married were 59.2％. 3. The people resident in cities area has pratice of health development by exercise person were 43.5% and value of rate for male has exercise practice is 52.5％, was significantly higher than female has by age group 10 years old and age group 50 years old is 52.6％ and 47.3％ was comparative higher rate also age group 30 is 35.1％ of low factor was indicated. Although evaluated an economic situation rate was higher level get more taken the practice of health develop exercise(higher level 60.0％ and low level is 32.9％). Although by higher level of educated were more taken pratice of their proper physical exercise(college graduated rate ; 52.2％ of most higher and high school graduted ; 39.7％ and then middle school graduated is 19.1％) unmarried taken exercise rate ; 48.4％ is significantly higher than married person rate ; 40.8％. Although objective of native area of exercise rate of Urban area cities ; 52.5％ are significantly higher farming and fishing native person rate ; 40.4％ shown is most low.