• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.362-371
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• 2019

본 연구는 최근 학교폭력이 하향화됨에 따라 유아기 예방교육 실행을 위한 현장의 요구를 파악하여 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 아동폭력에 대한 유치원 교사의 경험을 알아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 수도권에 위치한 C유치원 교사 9명을 대상으로 심층 집단 면담을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 유치원에서 주로 발생하는 아동폭력 관련 유아 문제행동은 신체적 폭행, 공격성, 언어폭력, 위협과 협박, 따돌림 등으로 나타났다. 둘째, 교사들은 아동폭력 발생 시 주로 직접개입법을 사용하나 많은 업무와 높은 교사 대 유아 비율로 적절한 개입을 어려워하고 있었다. 이에 교사들은 현재보다 낮은 교사 대 유아 비율 적용 또는 각 반 부담임 배치가 필요하다고 보았다. 셋째, 교사들은 유아를 대상으로 하는 아동폭력 예방교육의 필요성을 인식하고 있었으며, 적절한 교수 방법으로는 문제행동 발생 직후 상호작용, 전체 유아를 대상으로 하는 대그룹 활동, 구체적인 상황별 멀티미디어 교육자료 그리고 부모교육 등을 제시하였다. 넷째, 교사들은 아동폭력 예방교육 실행 시 교육을 통해 문제행동이 학습되어 흉내 내는 일의 발생 가능성에 대한 우려가 있었다. 따라서 본 연구는 유치원에서 발생하는 아동폭력 관련 문제행동의 유형을 중심으로 유아교육 현장에 적용이 가능하고 다양한 교수학습방법의 개발 필요성을 제안하였다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.97-107
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• 1999

The purpose of the study was to ascertain the trends of future circumstances in primary education along with population change. These trends, which are subject to change in population and structure, have a great impact on the size and characteristics of primary school-aged children. Accordingly, it is imperative for the government to plan for future conditions involving primary education. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. In the long-term primary school children aged 6-11, which accounted for 17.7% of the total population in 1970, will decline to 8.6% by the year 2000, 6.9% in 2020 and 6.4% in 2030. This drastic reduction in fertility rate is a direct result of pressure by the government to control population. 2. In 1996, the total number of classes in primary schools rose to 106,594. In the future, these numbers will actually decline. By 2003 the total number of classes will peak at 142,605, but until then drop off to 112,288 by 2030-a decrease of over 6,000. 3. The actual number of primary schools in 1997 totaled 5,721. This figure will reach its highest peak, 5,942, in 2003, but it is expected decrease later after declining by 1,263, it will bottom out at 4,679 in 2003. 4. The number of teachers at primary schools increased from 101,095 in 1970, 119, 064 in 1980, 136,800 in 1990 to 138,369 in 1995. Accordingly this means that the ratio of students to teaching staff changed for the better. By the year 2005, if teachers of specialty subjects (music, art, English, physical education) are assigned to every primary school with over 18 classrooms and the number of students per class is 30, it should improve educational surroundings. This is because it is expected that the population of primary school children will continue to grow until 2003 and then decrease. Thus, there is a need to maintain the number of primary school teachers between the years 2003 and 2030 so that the ratio of students to teachers will be reduced to 1/20.25. In considering factors related to migration which influence conditions of education, it is evident that changes have already begun. In the suburbs of Seoul, population shifts are causing overcrowding in classrooms. The government believes it would be inefficient to invest in education because fluctuating migration figures make it impossible. Accordingly, we have to be concerned about stabilizing the population throughout the entire country.

• 복식
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• 제39권
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• pp.139-166
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• 1998

This dissertation is to help understanding about the emergence of active children's clothes in the latter part of the 18th century in England. In previous ages children had not been look-ed upon as children, but as incomplete and in-ferior men and women, the costume of children had not been distinguishable from that of their elders. The early eighteenth-century chil-d could not play in comfort because they dressed like their parents. But in the third quarther of the eighteenth century children became free from their con-comfortable and became active. English chil-dren's clothes was prevailing even in Europe as well. In the background of this liberation, there were many enlightened ideas, such as philosophers of enlightenment, doctors, writers, educators. Among these John Locke and Jean Jacque Rousseau criticized openly about rampant fashion which was distorting the body by corset and hoop. Rousseau was the one who wrote$\boxDr$Emile$\boxUl$and played the most important role to free children from an old fashioned idea, and emphasized to bring up children by the natural process of mental and physical development as human beings are a part of nature. Fashion reflects politic, economic, social, ideology, culture of the days and these factor function to create fashion which shows“Time Spirit”.Children's clothes, like those of their parents, follow the fashion, but with a difference, the form of which varies with the attitude to the child. Thus this dissertation was to study in relation with the background of the times in the latter part of 18th century in England and Rousseau's Naturalism in connection with the emergence of active children's clothes. The result is that diffusion of the idea of freedom and equality, the growth of bourgeoisie, the development of clothing and tex-tile industry have influenced to the emergence of active children's clothes. Also a great deal of middle and high class parents devoted to their children's education and was influenced by Rousseau's Naturalism. Specially the bourgeoisie who made their fortune by their own effort were eager to educate their achievement and business by their children through education. This factor influenced to the children's clothes as well.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data to propose further directions of education on rehabilitation nursing by investigating the adequacy of the educational contents of rehabilitation nursing. This study was a descriptive survey study. The data collected at 25 universities and 24 junior colleges through questionnaires to answer the research questions from August 10 to September 30, 2000. The questionnaire was consisted of 24 items. The contents of rehabilitation nursing education were developed by consulting with the rehabilitation nursing professionals. The results are as follows Rehabilitation nursing was taught as an independent class in 15 universities and 9 junior colleges. Most professors majoring in adult nursing (66.8%) were in charge of teaching the courses. For the adequacy of the teaching contents of rehabilitation nursing, conceptual bases for rehabilitation was the highest score (4.0), and interdisciplinary rehabilitation team, activities of daily living, clients of rehabilitation, nursing process in rehabilitation nursing, functional evaluation, movement and mobility, physical therapy, occupational therapy, sensation and perception, communication/language, eating and swallowing, bladder elimination, community based rehabilitation nursing, sleep, rest &, fatigue, bowel elimination, historical perspectives of rehabilitation nursing, sexuality, pulmonary rehabilitation, pain, cardiac rehabilitation, skin integrity, family care was ordered.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2002

BACKGROUND: Back pain is a popular disease in general population as well as in workers. School students handle heavy bag and keep awkward postures during class long time. However, the prevalence of back pain among students and the risk factors associated with back pain are not well known. METHODS: In this study, we assess the frequency of risk factors for back pain among 2,717 high school students. From April 2001 to May 2001, using a self-reported questionnaire, we collected data on occurrence of back pain and potential risk factors for back pain. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of high school students reported having daily back pain for a week or more during the past 12 months. Female students had a higher prevalence of back pain than males(OR=2.22, 95% CI 1.69-2.91). Using a multiple logistic regression model, we found six factors associated with back pain for females; alcohol(OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.26-2.45), depression(OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.84-2.28), poor physical health(OR=2.57, 95% CI 1.84-8.58), obesity(OR=0.29, 95% CI 0.12-0.68), exercise(OR=l.50, 95% CI=1.07-2.16), and good performance(OR=l.50, 95% CI 1.05-2.18). Only alcohol, however, associated with back pain for males(OR=1.70, 95% CI 1.05-2.77) CONCLUSIONS: High school students had a relatively high prevalence of back pain. Students with alcohol consumption had the higher risk for back pain.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.2304-2320
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• 2021

Intelligently detecting anomalies in health sensor data streams (e.g., Electrocardiogram, ECG) can improve the development of E-health industry. The physiological signals of patients are collected through sensors. Timely diagnosis and treatment save medical resources, promote physical health, and reduce complications. However, it is difficult to automatically classify the ECG data, as the features of ECGs are difficult to extract. And the volume of labeled ECG data is limited, which affects the classification performance. In this paper, we propose a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based deep learning framework (called CAB) for heart arrhythmia classification. CAB focuses on improving the detection accuracy based on a small number of labeled samples. It is trained based on the class-imbalance ECG data. Augmenting ECG data by a GAN model eliminates the impact of data scarcity. After data augmentation, CAB classifies the ECG data by using a Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (Bi-LSTM). Experiment results show a better performance of CAB compared with state-of-the-art methods. The overall classification accuracy of CAB is 99.71%. The F1-scores of classifying Normal beats (N), Supraventricular ectopic beats (S), Ventricular ectopic beats (V), Fusion beats (F) and Unclassifiable beats (Q) heartbeats are 99.86%, 97.66%, 99.05%, 98.57% and 99.88%, respectively. Unclassifiable beats (Q) heartbeats are 99.86%, 97.66%, 99.05%, 98.57% and 99.88%, respectively.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.1094-1099
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• 2012

본 연구는 실험쥐 20마리를 사용하여 5주간의 고지방식이를 섭취시킨 후 CON군과 HF군으로 구분하여 식이조성에 따른 체중과 체구성 그리고 24시간 동안의 에너지 대사를 분석하였다. 그 결과 고지방식이로 인한 체중의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 5주간의 식이섭취량은 두 군간 유의한 차이가 있었고, 섭취열량은 약 6% 정도의 유의한 차이가 있었다. 산소섭취량(에너지소비량)은 두 군 간의 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 이산화탄소배출량은 유의한 차이를 보였다. 고지방식이군은 24시간 동안 유의하게 높은 지방산화량을 보였고 일반식이군은 탄수화물산화량이 유의하게 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히 활동기에 두 군의 에너지 이용 기질에 많은 변화가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 두 군간 소비에너지는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 섭취에너지에 비해 HF군의 복강 내 지방이 약 33% 이상 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합하여 볼 때 식이구성에 의하여 에너지이용기질이 달라지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 5주간 섭취한 열량과 소비된 에너지 비를 비교하였을 때 고지방식이군에서 복강내 지방이 유의하게 증가한 것은 체내에서의 지방의 식이효율이 그동안 알려진 Atwater의 값(9 kcal/g)보다 더 높은 것으로 사료되어진다. 이는 탄수화물과 고지방식이섭취에서 체내에너지 저장량을 분석하였을 때 탄수화물의 열량은 4 kcal/g인데 비해 지방은 약 11.1 kcal/g으로 보고한 기존의 연구보고(21)를 지지하는 결과로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 일반인 및 비만환자와 대사증후군 환자의 체중조절과 개선에 있어서 식이구성과 일일영양권장량의 재검토의 필요성을 시사하고 있으며 또한 전문운동선수들의 체급별 체중조절에 필요한 식단의 재구성 등 스포츠현장의 기초자료가 될 것으로 판단되어진다. 그러나 본 연구는 대사과정에 관여하는 여러 호르몬과 단백질 등의 분석이 이뤄지지 않았고, 에너지대사량과 조직의 중량만을 검토한 결과이므로 추후 체내에서의 지방산화와 관련된 호르몬 및 단백질 등의 측정과 전체 피하조직 및 근육 등에 저장된 지방의 분석을 포함한 추가연구가 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.440-458
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• 2012

본 연구는 문화 간 이해, 인종주의적 편견 해소 등과 같은 문제의식에 대해 '사실과 재현'의 관점에서 세계지역 내용 구성 및 내용 서술을 비판적으로 검토하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 초 중학교 사회교과서 아프리카 교육 내용을 비판적으로 검토하였다. 분석 결과, 자연환경 서술 영역에서는 지리적으로 다양한 장점을 지닌 지역으로서의 이미지를 부각시키지 못하고 있었다. 문화 역사 서술 영역에서는 다양한 민족과 국가로 이루어진 다양성의 아프리카로서의 재현보다는 과도한 일반화와 단순화로 인해 아프리카 문화와 역사에 대한 고정관념과 왜곡된 이미지를 심어주고 있었다. 자원 산업 서술 영역에서는 긍정적인 발전의 모습 보다는 부정적인 측면이 강조되어 재현되었고, 변화의 모습 보다는 정체적이고 낙후된 지역으로서의 이미지를 심어주고 있었다. 이제는 '동일한 문화와 특성을 지닌 아프리카'에 대한 이미지 보다는 그 안에 살아 숨쉬고 있는 '다양하고 다층적이며 역동적인 아프리카'의 실제 모습을 보거나 떠올릴 수 있는 교육으로 이루어져야 할 필요성이 있음을 논의하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2020

In the modern era, the elementary schools in the Republic of Korea are advanced with the competitive world. Thus advancement in technology, and other factors in the elementary schools are releases some kind of particulate matter (PM), which causes deleterious effects on school students health, academic program, growth and development. The school students are susceptible to PM particularly, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5. Based on this hazardous effect of PM on school students we conducted the research on the elementary schools class rooms by introducing vertical gardening system to get the schools "ever green". The main aim of this study is to investigate the environmental factors in the educational effect program in the class rooms and indoor air quality changes. For the educational effect, the 4th operation program was applied to 2 schools for 2 hours once a month from September to December 2019. Each school conducted a survey on satisfaction, plant friendliness, and environmental sensibilities, targeting classes that participated in the green school program and those who did not. The environmental effects were monitored by installing indoor air quality facility in the program participating classes and the non-participating classes. From November 2019 to December 2019, three factors were measured: PM10, PM2.5, and humidity. The results were analyzed by T-test using the SPSS 24.0 software program. As a result of the analysis, student's overall satisfaction with the program and their intention to re-engage were high in terms of educational effect. It was also found to be effective in emotional, educational, social, and physical aspects. In particular, it was found that there was a statistically significant effect on improving plant friendliness in terms of plant friendliness and environmental sensitivity. In terms of environmental effects, it was found that there was a significant difference between the program-applied and non-programmed classes in PM10, PM2.5, and humidity. Through this study, it was confirmed that the plant education program using vertical gardens is effective in both the educational effect and the improvement of indoor air quality in the classroom. In conclusion, vertical gardening system in the elementary schools should implement for the beneficial of young generation development and back bone to the nation.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.395-405
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• 2014

본 연구는 중학교 청소년의 신체활동이 정신건강에 미치는 영향을 파악함으로써 중학교 청소년의 정신건강 증진에 도움이 될 수 있는 보다 구체적 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. '2013년 제9차 청소년건강행태온라인조사' 원시자료를 이용하여 중학생 36,530명을 분석하였다. 복합표본자료 분석방법에 의해 분석하였다. 행복감 인지 정도는 학교 체육시간에 주 3회 이상 직접 운동하는 경우에 비해 2회 이하인 경우 행복감은 낮았으며 스트레스 인지 정도와 자살시도 가능성은 높았다. 참여하고 있는 팀 스포츠 수가 1개 팀 이하인 경우 행복감이 낮았으며 스트레스 인지 정도는 높았다. 4개 팀 이상 참여하는 학생에 비해 '1개 팀', '2개 팀' 참여가 자살가능성이 낮았다. 중학교 청소년들의 행복감 향상과 스트레스 완화에 도움이 될 수 있도록 2개팀 정도의 정규적 팀 스포츠 활동 참여와 교내 체육시간에 직접 운동을 주 3회 이상 수행함이 필요하며, 저학년인 경우 극단적 행동을 조절할 수 있도록 정서적 지지를 위한 교육프로그램이 함께 병행됨이 필요하다 여겨진다.