• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.20-27
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• 1998

직파 벼에서 몇가지 제초제의 약해에 대한 비료 3요소의 영향을 검토하기 위하여 일반계 품종인 동진벼(Oryza sativa L. japonica cv dongjin)를 공시하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 비료 3요소와 각 요소 혼합용액에서 제초제 처리에 의한 벼의 생육 억제 반응은 질소 및 질소 + 칼리 용액에서는 pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 과 pyrazosulfuron-ethyl+molinate처리에서 bensulfuron methyl과 bensulfuron methyl+dimepiperate처리에서보다 전체적으로 경엽 및 근부의 생육 억제 정도가 컸다. 인산 및 인산+칼리용액에서는 bensulfuron methyl 및 bensulfuron methyl+dimepiperate처리에서 pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 및 pyrazosulfuron-ethyl+molinate처리보다 생육의 억제정도가 큰 편이었다. 또한 질소+인산 및 질소+인산+칼리용액에서는 경엽부는 pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 및 pyrazosulfuron-ethyl+molinate처리에서 뿌리 부분은 bensulfuron methyl 및 bensulfuron methyl+dimepiperate처리에서 생장억제율이 상대적으로 큰 경향이었다. thiocabamate계인 dimepiperate과 molinate의 처리는 전체 비료 용액에서 초장 신장을 억제시켰으며 근부는 질소+인산용액에서 생육이 가장 억제되었으나 대체로 억제정도는 경엽부보다 낮았다. pyrazosulfuron-ethyl과 bensulfuron methyl 및 그의 혼합 처리에서는 질소농도가 높을수록 생육 억제정도가 컸으며, 비료 3요소 중 인산 결핍시 생육 억제정도가 가장 큰 경향이었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.387-391
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• 2015

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of pH (8-12) and molar ratio of magnesium and phosphate ($[Mg^{2+}]/[PO_4{^{3-}}]$) (0.6-1.4) on struvite crystallization of anaerobic digester supernatant using seawater as magnesium source. pH range of 9-10 is favorable for ammonium and phosphate recoveries. The recovery efficiency of ammonium was highest at $[Mg^{2+}]/[PO_4{^{3-}}]$ of 1.0 and pH 10. On the other hand, high phosphate recovery efficiency (> 99%) was achieved at ($[Mg^{2+}]/[PO_4{^{3-}}]$) of 1.4 and pH 10. The results demonstrated that seawater can be considered as low-cost magnesium source to recover phosphorus from anaerobic digester supernatant.

• 폴리머
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.338-343
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• 2005

Chloride계 전이금속 촉매의 존재 하에서 ABS/PC/triphenyl phosphate 컴파운드의 열분해 거동을 TGA(thermogravimetric analysis)를 통해서 조사하였다. Chloiide계 전이금속 촉매(cobalt chloiide, ferric chloride, nickel chloride 및 zinc chloride)는 ABS/PC/triphenyl phosphate 컴파운드의 열분해 과정에서 화학반응을 야기하여, 질소분위기에서 숯(char) 형성이 관찰되었으며, $600^{circ}C$에서 $3\~l3\%$의 비휘발성 눈을 형성하였다. 이와 같은 질소분위기에서의 ABS/PC/triphenyl phosphate 컴파운드의 숯 생성은 chloride계 전이금속 촉매의 가교효과(crosslinking effect)로 추정된다. 한편, 공기분위기에서는 생성된 숯은 고온 산화반응에 의해서 역분해되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2016

Though there is an abundant supply of nitrogen in the atmosphere, it cannot be used directly by the biological systems since it has to be combined with the element hydrogen before their incorporation. This process of nitrogen fixation ($N_2$-fixation) may be accomplished either chemically or biologically. Between the two elements, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a microbiological process that converts atmospheric di-nitrogen ($N_2$) into plant-usable form. In this review, the genetics and mechanism of nitrogen fixation including genes responsible for it, their types and role in BNF are discussed in detail. Nitrogen fixation in the different agricultural systems using different methods is discussed to understand the actual rather than the potential $N_2$-fixation procedure. The mechanism by which the diazotrophic bacteria improve plant growth apart from nitrogen fixation such as inhibition of plant ethylene synthesis, improvement of nutrient uptake, stress tolerance enhancement, solubilization of inorganic phosphate and mineralization of organic phosphate is also discussed. Role of diazotrophic bacteria in the enhancement of nitrogen fixation is also dealt with suitable examples. This mini review attempts to address the importance of diazotrophic bacteria in nitrogen fixation and plant growth improvement.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2021

Milking parlor wastewater contains high concentration suspended solid (SS), nitrogen, and/or phosphate as well as organic compounds. A new biological wastewater process by magnetic separation, magnetic activated sludge (MAS) process, was applied to milking parlor wastewater treatment process. A three step wastewater treatment process of coagulation sedimentation / ammonia stripping (C/S), magnetic activated sludge process and contact oxidation (CO) was proposed for removal of these pollutants. First step, C/S process recovered 96% TN and 96% PO₄^3--P as resource for fertilizer from the wastewater. 81% biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in wastewater was removed after MAS process. As a results, all pollutant concentrations satisfied Japanese effluent standards. Most of residual BOD and SS were removed by the CO process. It was estimated that the proposed process could reduce the process space to 1/7.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.58-62
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• 1985

우리나라 고유(固有)의 품종(品種)(재래종(在來種))인 향초(香草)의 적정시비량(適正施肥量)을 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)하여 3요소(要素) 시비량(施肥量)이 담배의 생육(生育)과 내용성분(內容成分)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 생육상황(生育狀況)은 질소(窒素) 및 가리(加里)의 증시(增施)에 따라 양호(良好)하였다. 2. 엽비중(葉比重)은 질소(窒素)의 증비(增肥)에서 큰 경향(傾向)이며 인산(燐酸)에서는 처리간(處理間) 대차(大差)가 없었다. 3. 질소(窒素)의 증비(增肥)에 의(依)해서 건엽중(乾葉中)의 Total-Nitrogen 및 Total-Alkaloid 그리고 Nicotine이 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)이며 인산(燐酸) 및 가리증비(加里增肥)에 따른 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. 4. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)로 보아 양질(良質) 다수(多收)를 위한 시비수준(施肥水準)은 질소(窒素) 3 처리(處理)(9kg/10a) 인산(燐酸) 2 처리(處理)(9kg/10a) 가리(加里) 3 처리(處理)(27kg/10a)가 무난할 것으로 생각되나 계속적인 검토가 요망된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.436-442
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• 2017

합성폐수 내의 유기물(COD), 질산성 질소, 인산이온을 제거하기 위한 폐수처리 시스템 개발을 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저 COD는 HClO의 산화 반응에 의해 거의 100 % 제거되었으며 전기화학적 처리에 의해 질산성 질소가 암모니아성 질소로 환원되지만, 암모니아성 질소는 HClO 처리에 의해 질산성 질소로 재 산화 되었다. 암모니아성 질소는 가열 증발 처리에 의하여 거의 100% 제거 되었으며 HClO 처리를 하여도 재 산화되는 암모니아성 질소는 나타나지 않았다. 인산 이온은 pH에 따라 금속 착염을 형성함으로써 침전 처리에 의해 제거할 수 있었으며 전기화학적 처리와 HClO 처리를 통하여 COD 99.5 % 이상, 질소 97.3 %, 인 91.5 %의 제거 효율을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 1986

참깨의 N, P, K 시비수준별 생육과 함유량, 지방산조성분포를 검토하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면, 1. 질소배비(16k/10a)시용시 초장과, 주당삭수, 착삭부위장, 분지수등은 증가되나, 삭당입수와 종실중은 표준비(8k/10a)에서 가장 많았다. 2. 가리의 배비(18k/10a)시용시에는 지상부 생육과 등숙비율이 모두 높았으며, 인산 및 가리, 배비구(N 8, P$_2$O$_{5}$ 8, $K_2$O 18k/10a)에서는 표준비(N 8, P$_2$O$_{5}$ 4, $K_2$O 9k/10a)의 종실중 91kg보다 11% 증가되었다. 3. 엽의 무기성분중 N과 $K_2$O는 파종후 20일에 가장 높았으며 이후 점차 감소되는 경향으로 N과 $K_2$O 배비시 엽의 N, $K_2$O 배비시 엽의 N, $K_2$O 함량은 증대되었다. 4. 시비수준별 함유량은 질소의 배비시용구(16k/10a)와의 P$_2$O$_{5}$ 표준시용구(4k /10a)에서 가장 많았으나, 가리에서는 차이가 없었다. 5. 지방산조성은 양질의 Oleic acid는 질소, 인산,가리의 배비구에서 가장 많았으며, Linoleic acid는 인산배비구에서 가장 높았다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.291-301
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• 2002

In this study, nutrients treatment by sequencing batch reactors(SBR) was performed. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies were evaluated by changing SRT and mixing/aeration ratio. Not only nitrogen but also phosphorus removal patterns were investigated through track studies on 1 cycle. As SRT was fixed and mixing/aeration ratio was changed, maximum nitrogen removal efficiency was 87.6% at mixing/aeration ratio 0.67. Phosphorus removal efficiencies were more than 85.5% except no mixing condition. As mixing/aeration ratio was fixed and SRT was changed, nitrogen removal efficiencies were 70.5~79.8%, which represented slight changes, while phosphorus removal efficiencies were 49.0~97.3%, which represented sharply decreasing tendency at less than 20 day. Both phosphorus release rate k and maximum phosphorus release rate $P_{max}/M$ were are decreased as SRT was decreased, but they were not affected by mixing/aeration ratio. It was found that there is a linear relationship between ortho-phosphate uptake and maximum ortho-phosphate release.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2016

Heading time is important element for yield and quality in crops. Among day length and temperature which influence on heading, temperature effect has not been investigated well. To investigate temperature effect on heading, heading date and plant growth characters were checked under the low and high temperature conditions in short day length. Analyzing heading date of six Korean varieties under the high and low temperature condition, heading date of varieties were delayed under low temperature. In the low temperature condition, dry weight and area of leaf were reduced. Varieties showing more delay of heading under low temperature also showed more reduction in leaf area. After selecting three varieties showing significant difference in leaf growth and heading date under different temperature conditions, nutrient contents of plant were analyzed. Nitrogen content was reduced in leaf and shoot under the low temperature condition. OsNRT2.3, nitrate transporter, was significantly down regulated in varieties showing more heading delay. Available phosphate content was decreased in leaf, but increased in shoot due to reduction of phosphate mobility. OsPT1, phosphate transporter regulating phosphate uptake, was more down regulated in varieties showing more heading delay. OsPT6, phosphate transporter regulating phosphate transport in plant, was also significantly down regulated in those varieties. With these data, we expected that active nitrogen and available phosphate uptake and transport in plant would increase leaf growth then might reduce heading delay under the low temperature condition.