• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.949-954
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• 2022

Objective: The present study is aimed at phenotypic characterization and mitochondrial d-loop analysis of indigenous "Diara" buffalo population, which are mostly confined to the villages on the South and North Gangetic marshy plains in the Bihar state of India. These buffaloes are well adapted and are best suited for ploughing and puddling the wet fields meant for paddy cultivation. Methods: Biometric data on 172 buffaloes were collected using a standard flexible tape measure. Animals are medium in size; the typical morphometric features are long head with a broad forehead and moderately long and erect ears. Genomic DNA was isolated from unrelated animals. The mtDNA d-loop 358-bp sequence data was generated and compared with 338 sequences belonging to riverine and swamp buffaloes. Results: Based on the mitochondrial d-loop analysis the Diara buffaloes were grouped along with the haplotypes reported for riverine buffalo. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of 7 mitochondrial D loop haplotypes with haplotype diversity of 0.9643. Five of the haplotypes were shared with established swamp breeds and with Buffalo population of Orissa in India. Conclusion: Morphometric analyses clearly shows distinguishing features like long and broad forehead which may be useful in identification. The germplasm of Diara buffalo is much adapted to the marshy banks of river Ganga and its tributaries. It constitutes a valuable genetic resource which needs to be conserved on priority basis.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.146-152
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• 2007

A mutant exhibiting decreased cytotoxic activity toward INT-407 intestinal epithelial cells and carrying a mutation in the rtx gene cluster that consists of rtxCA and rtxBDE operons was screened from a library of V. vulnificus mutants. The functions of the rtxA gene, assessed by constructing an isogenic mutant and evaluating its phenotypic changes, demonstrated that RtxA is essential for the virulence of V. vulnificus in mice as well as in tissue cultures.

• Mycobiology
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.291-295
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• 2014

Mycoflora was assessed in the commercial meju from four well-separated geographic origins. A total of 112 fungal isolates were identified by phenotypic characteristics and molecular taxonomy using sequencing the internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA and revealed 19 species from 13 genera. Enzymatic characteristics of protease and amylase, and mycotoxin production were analyzed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.1520-1526
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• 2009

We have identified the iscR (PA3815) gene encoding an iron-sulfur cluster assembly regulator homolog as one of the genes required for peroxide resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. Here, we present the phenotypic characterization of an iscR deletion mutant in terms of KatA expression, stress responses, and virulence. The iscR null mutant exhibited reduced KatA activity at the posttranslational level, hypersensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, and virulence-attenuation in Drosophila melanogaster and mouse peritonitis models. These phenotypes were fully restored by multicopy-based expression of katA. These results suggest that the requirement of IscR in P. aeruginosa is related to the proper activity of KatA, which is crucial for peroxide resistance and full virulence of this bacterium.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.99-109
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• 1999

Enteropathogenic Yersina enterocolitica is an important cause of human and animal disease. Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics currently used to identify Yersinia enterocolitica are not necessarily sufficient to differentiate pathogenic from non-pathogenic strains or to analyze the epidemiology of yersiniae at a molecular level. To improve the characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica, A total of 65 isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica were examined with bioserotyping, antibiotic susceptibilities, PFGE, PCR-ribotyping. Genomic DNA pattern generated by PFGE are highly specific for different strains of an organism and have significant value in epidemiologic investigations. The PFGE analysis of Not I-digested chromosomal DNA of Y. enterocolitica were performed with a CHEF Mapper(Bio-Rad, USA). Not I generated 19 restriction endonuclease digestion profiles(REDP). PCR-ribotyping, performed with primers complementry to conserved regions of 16S and 23S rRNA gene, generated 13 ribotypes. PCR-ribotyping can be considered a good technich for subtyping strains of Y.enterocolitica.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2008년도 Proceedings of the Convention
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• pp.49-52
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• 2008

Parkinson's disease is characterized by motor disturbances and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. parkin and PINK1, two most critical Parkinson's disease-associated genes, have been intensively studied to address the underlying molecular pathogenesis of the disease, but our understanding still remains unclear. Through generation and characterization of Drosophila mutants for PINK1, we show that PINK1 is required for mitochondrial integrity and function in both indirect flight muscles and dopaminergic neurons. Surprisingly, we find that PINK1 mutants share striking phenotypic similarities with parkin mutants. Indeed, transgenic expression of parkin dramatically ameliorates all PINK1 loss-of-function phenotypes, but not vice versa, implicating that Parkin acts downstream of PINK1 in maintaining mitochondrial integrity and function in both muscles and dopaminergic neurons. With the establishment of the PINK1-Parkin pathway, we are trying to further investigate the detailed molecular relationship between PINK1 and Parkin using both mammalian dopaminergic neuronal cells for biochemical analysis and Drosophila model animal for genetic analysis. We believe that elucidating the molecular function of Parkinson's disease-associated genes will be of big help for the ultimate understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of this disease and also for the development of effective drugs for Parkinson's disease.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2002

In order to identify Yawowia lipolytica genes induced by serum, cDNA representational difference analysis was performed using a PCR-select CDNA subtraction method. One of the genes cloned from the subtraction was a gene (YIMBFl) homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae MBF1 encoding the coactivator multiprotein bridging factor 1. Disruption of YIMBFl revealed that the gene was net essential for viability, and the Ylmbf△ strain did not show any distinct phenotypic change on solid serum medium. In liquid medium, however. a difference was found in the ability to maintain hyphae induced by serum. This result suggests that the YIMbf1 protein may mediate transcriptional activation of certain genes involved in the hypha fonmation of Y. lipolytica.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.86-90
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• 2005

Strain M-18 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of sweet melon, using 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) as a sole nitrogen source. Its phenotypic characteristics, metabolic tests, and 16S rDNA sequence were analyzed. The antibiotics secreted by strain M-18 were determined to be phenazine 1-carboxylic acid and pyoluteorin. These data showed that strain M-18 was a new fluorescent Pseudomonas strain that produced both phenazine 1-carboxylic acid and pyoluteorin, some features being similar to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Therefore, the strain M-18 appears to be the first pseudomonad described to date that is capable of producing both phenazine 1-carboxylic acid and pyoluteorin.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.215-219
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• 2012

The strain KCTC 11629BP, isolated from spontaneously fermented pine needle extract (FPE), showed fibrinolysis activity. The isolated strain was analyzed in physiological and biochemical experiments. Based on 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenic tree analysis, the strain was identified to be a part of the genus Acetobacter, with Acetobacter senegalensis and Acetobacter tropicalis as the closest phylogenetic neighbors. Based on genotypic and phenotypic results, it was proposed that bacterial strain KCTC 11629BP represents a species of the genus Acetobacter. The strain was thusly named Acetobacter sp. FP1. In conclusion, Acetobacter sp. FP1 isolated from FPE possesses fibrinolytic activity.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.416-419
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• 2005

Unknown bacterium isolated from garlic was characterized using phenotypic methods, phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization, and cultural methods. The strain was identified as typical leuconostoc; Gram-positive, non-sporeforming, heterofermentative, catalase-negative and spherical. Although its 16S rRNA gene sequence showed high homology to Leuconostoc argentinum DSM $8581^T$(99.8%), DNA-DNA hybridization experiments indicated it represents novel genomic species in the genus Leuconostoc. The garlic-specific leuconostoc was more resistant to antimicrobial activity of garlic compared to other common laboratory lactic acid bacteria, and was even stimulated by low concentrations (1-2%) of garlic extract supplemented in trypticase soy broth. Growth stimulation was concentration-dependent when tested with residual aqueous layer after solvent extraction of fresh whole garlic extract.