• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제103권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2014

본 연구는 ISSR 표지자를 이용하여 국내 분포하는 황벽나무 7개 집단의 유전다양성과 유전구조를 분석하였다. 6개의 ISSR primer를 이용하여 분석한 결과 primer 당 평균 4.5개의 다형성 band를 확인하였고, 각 집단의 다형성 유전자좌의 비율은 평균 78.8%로 나타났다. Shannon의 유전다양성 지수(I)는 0.421로 나타났고, 이형접합체 기대치($H_e$)는 평균 0.285로 베이즈 방법을 이용한 평균 이형접합체 기대치(hs=0.287)와 유사하였다. AMOVA에서 전체 유전변이의 92.4%가 집단내 개체간 차이에 기인하며, 7.6%는 집단간 차이에 기인하였다. 베이즈 방법을 이용한 유전분화(${\theta}^{II}$)는 0.066으로 추정되었으며, 전체 집단의 근친교배율(f)은 0.479로 계산되었다. 유연관계 분석과 베이즈 군집분석결과 우리나라 황벽나무 집단은 가평, 화천, 봉평, 용평이 하나의 군집을 형성하였고, 산청 지역의 2개 집단(삼장 및 시천)이 다른 하나의 군집을 형성하였으며, 무주 집단이 산청지역의 집단과 지리적으로 근접함에도 불구하고 독립적인 군집을 나타내었다. Mantel's test 결과 집단간 유전적 유연관계와 지리적 분포의 상관성은 나타나지 않았다. 황벽나무의 유전자원보존을 위한 대상 집단 선정 시 생태적 및 생활사적 특징과 함께 본 연구결과에서 나타난 유전다양성과 군집구조 분석결과를 고려하는 것이 효과적일 것으로 사료된다.

• 복식
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• 제27권
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• pp.121-132
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• 1996

This study showed the proper pigment extract in the Phe. Dyeing which is the basic dye of the natural plants dyeing,. Also it compared and examined the K/S the promotion of the color fastness and the effect of color difference change were attended by mordants and method of mordanting. 1. The most absorbance of Phellodendron. sol-ution is 330nm berberine is 430nm. 2. The best and proper temperature to extrat Phe,. was 80 and dyeing solution for 24 hours. 3. The pH effect was stable in the absorbances and color differences change. 4. Mordanted group increased the absorbances compared to non-mordanted sample. In case depth the most absorbance of Al. Sn. K. Cu and C. A solution were in 3% Fe and Cr were in 5%. In the color difference change they became dark reduced greenish and increased yellowish when their absorbances were in 3% 5. K./S was recoginzed by tainnin and fe, K/S was more increased pre-mordants than post-mordants. 6. Fe is the unchangable mordant in the color difference change and pre-mordants is more stable than post-mordants in the difference color. 7. Generally light C. F indicated more than grade 2 and light C. F, was much improved in post-mordanted by alumium potassium potass-ium dichromate. Washing C.F was improved in mordanted by tainnin and ferrous suulfate mordanted group was better than non-mordanted sample. Perspir-ation C,F was more stable in acid than alkali. Dry cleaning C.F indicated more than grade. 4.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2005

Objectives: This analysis of prescription used for low back pain in the Yomun(腰門) chapter of ${\ll}$Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑); The Precious Mirror of Oriental Medicine${\gg}$ is designed to be helpful to practical use of clinics. Methods : Proscriptions used for low back pain in the Yomun(腰門) chapter of ${\ll}$Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)${\gg}$ were classified and analyzed according to the frequency of proscriptions and the characteristics of each herbs in proscriptions(efficacy, used frequency, related organs etc.) Results and conclusions : After analysis, we obtained the following results : 1. The causes of low back pain are mainly eohyeol(瘀血), yangheo(陽虛), punghanseub(風寒濕). In care of low back pain, I suppose more efficiency that if Angelica gigas NAKAI(當歸) Cnidium officinale MAKINO(三芎) Prunus persica BATSCH(桃仁) is added when the cause is eohyeol(瘀血), or if Psoralea corylifolia L.(破古紙), Cinnamomum cassia PRESL(肉桂), Foeniculum vulare MILL(茴香), Eucommia ulmoides OLIV.(杜冲), Citrus unshiu MARKOVICH(陳皮) are added when the cause is yangheo(陽虛), or if Phellodendron amurense RUPR.(黃柏), Notopterygium incisum TING(羌活), Atractylodes Japonica KOIDZ.(蒼朮) are added when the cause is punghanseub(風寒濕).

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2000

Yellow dye-stuffs in natural plant were extracted from a gardenia, saffron, safflower, amur tree and pagoda. And then they were used to color Korean handmade paper(Hanji) on using a mordant. The results of the degree of discoloration are as follows. 1. As for a gardenia(Gardenia jasminodes Ellis for. grandiflora Makino), the effects of coloring were outstanding in the acid area. But for the preservation, it might be desirable that used a lye in a dye-stuff obtained at $40{\pm}5^{\circ}C$. 2. As for saffron(Curcuma longa L.), when used alum as a mordant, it was colored to a medium yellow color with green color. But easily discolorated and was not desirable. And, it didn't fit in a dye-stuff of Hanji. 3. For safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.), when pH was in the low acid it was colored to the cleaner yellow color. It was the distinction of discoloration that the degree of brightness's increase was low. 4. For amur cork-tree(Phellodendron amurense Rupr.), the effects of yellow coloring were great in the areas of acidity and alkali. But, when used alum, the degree of the discoloration was high and was not effective. 5. For pagoda tree(Styphnolobium Japonica L.), using a calcium hydroxide as a mordant, enabled the more than average yellow to be gained. The degree of discoloration was good.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제86권4호
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• pp.443-449
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• 1997

약용(藥用) 수종(樹種)으로 이용가치(利用價値)가 높은 황벽나무의 효과적인 번식법(繁殖法)을 구명하기 위하여 종자(種子) 발아(發芽) 촉진(促進) 처리법(處理法), 묘목(苗木) 생장(生長) 및 적정(適正) 생육(生育) 밀도(密度)를 조사하였다. 시험용 종자는 황벽나무 자생지(自生地)인 지리산 동부 지역에서 1995년 10월 하순에 채취(採取)하였다. 채취한 종자는 정선(精選)한 후 기건저장(氣乾貯藏), $4^{\circ}C$ 냉장고에서 냉습적(冷濕積) 처리(處理), Pon-Pon 50배액과 $H_2O_2$ 20% 용액에 처리(處理)하여 노천매장(露天埋藏)(128일간(間))을 하였다가 익년 3월 30일 시험포지(試驗圃地)에 파종(播種)하였다. 생육(生育) 밀도(密度) 처리구(處理區)는 $1m^2$당(當) 53본(本), 104본(本), 220본(本), 380본(本)씩 생립(生立)시켜 관리(管理)하였다. 그리고 종자(種子) 발아(發芽) 촉진(促進) 처리구(處理區)와 생육(生育) 밀도(密度) 처리구(處理區)별 생장량(生長量)은 발아(發芽) 생장(生長)한 묘목(苗木)에 대하여 월 2회(回)씩 묘고(苗高) 생장량(生長量)을 조사하였다. 묘목(苗木)의 생장은 묘고(苗高), 근원직경(根元直經), 뿌리길이 그리고 T/R율(率)을 조사 분석하였다. 종자(種子) 발아(發芽) 촉진(促進) 처리구별(處理區別) 포지(圃地) 발아율(發芽率)은 Pon-Pon 처리(處理) 후(後) 노천매장(露天埋藏)한 처리구(處理區)에서 당년(當年) 발아율(發芽率)이 68.8%로 가장 양호하였다. 실생묘(實生苗)의 년(年) 생장(生長) 기간(期間) 중에서 가장 왕성(旺盛)한 생장(生長)을 보인 기간(期閒)은 6월 12일부터 7월 8일 사이와 7월 20일부터 8월 2일 사이로 당년(當年) 총(總) 생장량(生長量)의 72.8%가 신장(伸長)하였다. 실생묘(實生苗)의 생육밀도별(生育密度別) 묘목(苗木)의 생장량은 생립본수(生立本數)가 증가(增加) 할수록 저하(低下)하였다. $1m^2$당(當) 적정(適正) 생육(生育) 본수(本數)는 104본(本)이었으며, 산출묘(山出苗)의 규격(規格)은 묘고(苗高) 55cm, 근원직경(根元直經) 8.1mm, 뿌리길이 21cm 이상(以上)으로 정(定)하는 것이 적정(適正)한 것으로 판단(判斷)되었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2008

Objectives: This study was evaluated to elucidate the inhibitory potential of Imyosan(IMS) and its components, Phellodendri Cortex(PC: Phellodendron amurense Rupr., Hwangbaek in Korean) and Atractylodis Rhizoma(AR: Atratylodes lancea D.C., Changchool in Korean), on human aortic smooth muscle cells(HASMC) migration and production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 by TNF-${\alpha}$ treatment. Methods: Cytotoxic activity of IMS and its components on HASMC was using 5-(3-caroboxy meth-oxyphenyl)-2H-tetra-zolium inner salt(MTS) assay. Effect of IMS, PC and AR on TNF-${\alpha}$-induced HASMC migration underside of matrigel filter was stained with hematoxylin-eosin. And total number of cells that migrated to the underside of the filter was counted. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity was evaluated by gelatin zymography assay. Results: The matrigel migration assay showed that IMS effectively inhibited the TNF-${\alpha}$-induced migration of HASMC. Moreover, IMS significantly inhibited MMP-9 activity. Our present study demonstrates that IMS and its components inhibit TNF-${\alpha}$-induced HASMC migration and MMP-9 activity. The inhibitory effect of IMS extract is more potent than that of its component herb extracts. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that IMS has multiple effects in the inhibition of HASMC migration and may offer a therapeutic approach to block HASMC migration.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2002

This experimental study was done to research effects of a number of extract on the anti-allergic effect. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In effect of herb-extract on compound $\frac{48}{80}$-mediated histamine release from Evans blue skin assay, Isatis Japonica Miquel, Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz, Spirodela polyrhiza, Cimicifuga heracleifolia, Bupleurum chinense, Magnolia liliflora, Forsythia koreana, Aster tataricus L., Xanthium strumarium L.(MtOH), Trichosanthes kirilowii, Phellodendron amurense Rupr, Schizonepeta tenuifolia Var, Betula platyphylla show considerable visible anti-allergic effect. In the result of quantification of histamine induced compound $\frac{48}{80}$, Spirodela polyrhiza, Isatis Japonica Miquel, Trichosanthes kirilowii, Bupleurum chinense, Forsythia koreana inhibit histamine release effectively. 2. In effect of Herb-Extract on compound $\frac{48}{80}$-mediated histamine release from RPMC, Spirodcla polyrhiza, Cimicifuga heracleifolia inhibit histamine release effectively. 3. In effect of Herb-Extract on anti-DNP IgE-mediated histamine release from Evansblue skin assay. Spirodela polyrhiza, Cimicifuga heracleifolia(0.1mg/ml). Forsythia koreana, Aster tataricus L., Xanthium strumarium L.(0.1mg/ml), Trichosanthes kirilowii(0.1mg/ml) show considerable visible anti-allergic effect. In the result of quantification of histamine induced anti-DNP IgE, Spiradela polyrhiza, Isatis Japonica Miquel, Trichosanthes kirilowii, Bupleurum chinense, Forsythia koreana inhibit histamine release effectively 4. In the result of genetic manifestative inhibition about the human mast cell-1(HMC-1), Cimicifuga heracleifolia has considerable effect in IL-4 in IL-5, and Tussilage farfara L. has in IL-4. According to the above results, it is suggested that several Herb-Extract have anti-allergic effect.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Imyosan on apoptosis in human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. Phellodendron amurense Rupr. and Atratylodes lancea D.C. compose Imyosan. First of all, to study the cytotoxic effect of methanol extract of Imyosan (IMS-MeOH) on HCT116 cells, the cells were treated with various concentrations of IMS-MeOH and then cell viability was determined by XTT reduction method. IMS-MeOH reduced viability of HCT116 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. To confirm the induction of apoptosis, the c1eavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), a substrate for caspase-3 and a typical sign of apoptosis, and the activation of caspase-3, procaspase-8 and procaspase-9 were examined by western blot analysis. IMS-MeOH decreased procaspase-3, procaspase-8 and procaspase-9 levels in a dose-dependent manner and induced the clevage of PARP. IMS-MeOH triggered the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling by increasing the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol. Furthermore, IMS-MeOH also downregulated the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and upregulated the pro-apoptotic-Bax. Therefore, these results suggest that IMS-MeOH induced HCT1l6 cell death through the mitochondrial pathway. To explore whether the activities of caspases was required for induction of apoptosis by IMS-MeOH, caspase-3, -8, -9 activity measured by using substrates, respectively. IMS-MeOH increased caspase-3, -8, -9 activity. Co-treatment with inhibitors of caspase-3, -8, -9 and IMS-MeOH significantly blocked IMS-MeOH-triggered apoptosis in HCT1l6 cells. These results suggest that IMS-MeOH induces caspases-mediated apoptosis.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.197-218
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• 1998

In this study, I invastigate about oriental medical drug, dosage form and directions in external therapy of contact dermatitis. and after study on relationship oriental medical drug, dosage form and directions with cause, symptom and differentiation of symptom and sign. The results are as follows; 1. Most frequently used oriental medical drug is until qing(淸) dynasty Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne-Edwards(蟹), Salix babylonica L.(柳葉), Natrii sulfas(芒硝), Allium macrostemon Bge.(해), Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.(荷葉), nowadays in Korea and China Phellodendron amurense Rupr.(黃柏), Gypsum(石膏), Rheum palmatum L.(大黃), Baphicacanthus cusia Bremek(靑黛), Talcum(滑石). 2. In the frequency of dosage form, until qing(淸) dynasty powder 1case, liquor 49cases, liquer and solid mixture 58cases, nowadays Korea and China powder 16cases, liquor 96cases, liquer and solid mixture 59cases. 3. Most frequently used directions of dosage is thinly attaching method(薄貼法), attaching method(敷貼法), furnigating and cleansing method(熏洗法), cleansing method(洗傷法), wet dressing method(濕敷法), spreading powder method(撲粉法), plaster method(途차法), rubbing skin method(摩擦法) 4. In the external therapy of contact dermatitis, oriental medical drug's usage is based on stage of contact dermatitis In acute stage, most frequently used drug is heat and damp remove drug(淸熱燥濕藥), nature of drug(藥性) is bitter taste and cold charactor(苦寒), In chronic stage, most frequently used drug is nourishing the blood drug(養血藥), promoting blood circulation drug(活血藥). 5. The dosage form of drug is based on symptom. In acute stage, when papules and vesicles, or erosion and exudation is the main symptom of skin, liquor or powder is used, when erosion and crust is the main symptom of skin, plaster is used. In chronic stage, plaster is used. 6. In the directions of dosage is based on dosage form of drug and symptom. In acute stage, when papules and vesicles is the main symptom of skin, fumigating and cleansing method, cleansing method, plaster method is used, when erosion, vesicles and exudation the main symptom of skill, cleansing method, wet dressing method, spreading powder method, attaching method, spreading powder method is used, when crust is the main symptom of skin, plaster method is used. In chronic stage, plaster method, rubbing skin method is used.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.246-251
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• 2003

94종 식물자원을 대상으로 혈압상승을 주도하는 효소인 angiotensin converting enzyme의 저해활성을 검색하였다. 그 결과 추출물의 농도가 1mg에서 60%이상의 높은 ACE 억제활성을 보인 식물은 털여뀌 (81.6%), 결명자 (64.2%) 등의 2종이었으며, 40%이상의 ACE 억제 활성을 보인 식물은 금불초(49.7%), 골담초(49.4%), 황금(48.1%), 회향(45.2%)등 4종으로 ACE 억제활성이 비교적 높게 나타났다. 또한 $30{\sim}40%$의 ACE 억제활성을 보인 식물은 까마귀머루(35.5%), 부용(32.3%), 삼립국화(32.6%), 산비장이(33.2%), 산사나무(33.9%), 율무(34.8%), 제비꽃(37.1%), 진득찰(37.1%), 짚신나무(36.1%), 참죽나무(39.7%), 창질경이(33.5%), 컴프리(33.9%), 털냉초(39.7%), 하눌타리(39.4%), 해바라기(34.2%), 호두나무(39.4%), 회양목(30.6%), 희수(35.8%), 금불초(36.8%), 도꼬마리(34.8%), 두충나무(30.3%), 둥글레(35.2%), 방풍(33.5%), 산옥잠화(34.8%), 살구나무(39%), 섬오갈피(38.4%), 원추리(39.7%), 지모(31.9%)등 28종이었다. 그 외 흰제비꽃, 황해쑥, 쥐방울덩굴, 자귀나무, 일당귀, 오크라, 애기기린초, 순비기나무, 쇠뜨기 , 석창포, 석결명, 사위질방, 산수유나무, 부추, 뽕나무, 봉선화, 보리수나무, 큰꽃삽주, 범부채, 벌등골나무, 모감주, 동과, 도라지, 땃두릅, 도꼬마리, 산옥잠화, 방풍, 둥글레, 닭의장풀, 닥나무, 노루오줌, 가시오갈피, 개오동, 귀릉나무, 꽈리, 까실쑥부쟁, 골담초, 고삼, 고비고사리, 개발나물, 결명자, 형개, 향유, 한련초, 파고지, 초과, 지골피, 마두령, 금앵자, 곽향 등 50여 종의 추출물은 $10{\sim}30%$의 낮은 ACE 억제활성을 보였다. 앞으로 ACE 억제활성이 높은 식물자원의 유효성분에 대한 물질 확인과 동물모델을 이용한 효능검증에 대하여 더 많은 연구가 있어야 할 것으로 사료된다.