• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.40-49
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• 1997

This study was done for understanding the desirable direction of eastern and western nursing by comparing the nursing practice for the Pyrexia patient occuring most commonly. Body temperature usually maintains around $37^{\circ}C$ owing to the thermoregulatory center but pyrexia is caused by exogenous pyrogen like infection, cancer or disturbances in body's homeostatic heat balance. Pyrexia is defined that body temperature rise above $37.2^{\circ}C$. It has chill phase, course of the fever, termination accompanied various symptoms. Oriental medicine explains that pyrexia comes from Yang's(陽) abundance and Yin's(陰) lack. Pyrexia mainly happens when body constitution is in bad condition by Six Dirty's(六陰) affection to Wi Area (偉分). It also occurs because of unbalance between Qi (氣) and Yin(陰) caused by the lack in Seven Emotions, labor, food. The Sanghanron(傷寒論), explains that pyrexia is categorized exogenous fever like Poong Han(風寒), Poong Yul(風熱), Sup Yul(濕熱) and endogenous fever due to the Qi and blood deficiency. Explained above, even though pyrexia has different meaning in oriental medicine and western medicine, but this study have compared the oriental and western medicine assuming that pyrexia is rise of body temperature. From this point of view, oriental and western nursing shows the similarity in the field of 1) use of antipyretic to control the body temperature 2) rest and comfort 3) watering 4) nutrition and case study was executed in nursing practice. From the above study, western nursing has superiority in decreasing the patient's risen body temperature using antipyretic and ice bag. But in case of empty heat, oriental nursing which recommends the patient's body keep warm and prevent the use of ice bag as the first step and helps patient's sweating by drinking of hot water was comparatively effective. In conclusion, it is desirable that oriental nursing emphasizing the supportive nursing and western nursing should be harmonized according to the status of pyrexia patient and it is needed to study the nursing method appropriate in our culture.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.211-215
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• 2016

BACKGROUND: The commercial biopesticides containing Chenopodium ambrosioides L. extracts which have been registered as one of the ingredients of the commercial biopesticide by the organic agriculture materials, and have been widely used in Republic of Korea. However, the quantitative analysis method of the active substances for the commercial biopesticides containing C. ambrosioides L. extract has not been conducted.METHODS AND RESULTS: To analyze the quantitative analysis of ascaridole, carvacrol, and p-cymene as active substances of C. ambrosioides L. extract, hydrophilic lipophilic balance cartridge was used for solid phase extraction. The active substances were analyzed by the gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. The limit of quantitation values of ascaridole, carvacrol, and p-cymene were 10, 5, and 2 mg/L, and the recovery rates were 96.3, 84.0, and 82.5% in liquid products and 98.3, 99.1, and 97.3% in solid products, respectively. The total content of ascaridole, carvacrol, and p-cymene in the commercial biopesticides was ranged from 0.08 to 12.75%.CONCLUSION: From these results, this method was suitable for the quantitative analysis of the active substances of commercial biopesticides containing C. ambrosioides L. extract.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.317-320
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• 2014

A balanced RF duplexer with low interference in an extremely narrow bandgap is proposed. The Long-Term Evolution band-7 duplexer should be designed to prevent the co-existence problem with the WiFi band, whose fractional bandgap corresponds to only 0.7%. By implementing a hybrid bulk acoustic wave (BAW) structure, the temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) value of the duplexer is successfully reduced and the suppressed interference for the narrow bandgap is performed. To achieve an RF duplexer with balanced Rx output topology, we also propose a novel balanced BAW Rx topology and RF circuit block. The novel balanced Rx filter is designed with both lattice- and ladder-type configurations to ensure excellent attenuation. The RF circuit block, which is located between the antenna and the Rx filter, is developed to simultaneously function as a balance-tounbalance transformer and a phase shift network. The size of the fabricated duplexer is as small as $2.0mm{\times}1.6mm$. The maximum insertion loss of the duplexer is as low as 2.4 dB in the Tx band, and the minimum attenuation in the WiFi band is as high as 36.8 dB. The TCF value is considerably lowered to $-16.9ppm/^{\circ}C$.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.381-387
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: Garlic (Allium sativum) extract has been allowed as commercial biopesticide material for pesticidal activity in the Environmentally-friendly Agriculture Promotion Act. Nine commercial biopesticides containing A. sativum extract have been marketed in Korea. However, the analytical method of the active substances in these materials has not been studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cartridge clean-up method for the determination of dimethyl disulfide(DMDS), diallyl disulfide(DADS), and diallyl trisulfide(DATS) in biopesticides containing A. sativum extract was developed and validated by gas chromatography(GC). The clean-up method was optimized using hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) solid phase extraction(SPE) cartridges for the bioactive sulfides in biopesticides containing A. sativum extract, and the eluate was analyzed to quantify the DMDS, DADS, and DATS using the GC. The developed method was validated, and the LOQ and recovery rates of DMDS, DADS, and DATS were 0.226, 0.063, and $0.051mg\;L^{-1}$ and 80.6, 84.8, and 73.1%, respectively. From the nine commercial biopesticide samples, contents of DMDS, DADS, and DATS were analyzed using the developed method and results showed $2.3mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. CONCLUSION: The developed method could be used in determining the quality of biopesticides for the manufacture of commercial biopesticides containing A. sativum extract.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2013

Trophoblasts, in the placenta, play a role for placental development as well as implantation in the early pregnancy. The characteristics and functions of trophoblast are identified by their localization and potency for proliferation, differentiation, and invasion. Thus, inadequate trophoblast cell death induces trophoblast dysfunction resulting in abnormal placental development and several gynecological diseases. Recently, it was reported that increased immortalization-upregulated protein-2 (IMUP-2) by hypoxia influences trophoblast apoptosis. However, IMUP-2 function on autophagy, which is type II programmed cell death remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed IMUP-2 expression in trophoblast cells (HTR8-SVneo) and compared IMUP-2 effects on cell death including apoptosis and autophagy in trophoblast regardless of IMUP-2 expression. Increased IMUP-2 in trophoblast by IMUP-2 gene transfection induces cell death, especially, apoptosis increases more than autophagy (p<0.05). However, the decreased IMUP-2 in trophoblasts after siRNA treatment decreased apoptosis with the decreased activities of caspase 3 and 7. The expressions of LC3 and MDC as an autophagosome makers and phosphorylated mTOR, which is a negative regulator for autophagy, increased. In addition, the S phase of cell cycle increased in trophoblasts when IMUP-2 expression decreased. Taken together, the alteration of IMUP-2 can control the balance between apoptosis and autophagy of trophoblasts resulting in functional involvement in placental development and in gynecological diseases by regulating the function of trophoblasts.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2002

In end milling process the undeformed chip thickness and the cutting force components vary periodically with phase change of the tool. In this study, up end milling process is transformed to the equivalent oblique cutting. The varying undeformed chip thickness and the cutting force components in end milling process are replaced with the equivalent average ones. Then it can be possible to analyze the chip-tool friction and shear process in the shear plane of the end milling process by the equivalent oblique cutting system. According to this analysis, when cutting Inconel 718, 61, 64 and 55% of the total energy is consumed in the shear process with the helix angle 30$^{\circ}$, 40$^{\circ}$ and 50$^{\circ}$ respectively, and the balance is consumed in the friction process. With the helix angle of 40$^{\circ}$ the specific cutting energy consumed is smaller than with the helix angle 30$^{\circ}$ and 50$^{\circ}$.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

G. B. LEE, A. S. GWON, The Research for Using methodof GRF (Ground Reaction Force) on Rotational Movement in Arabesque. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp.1-10, 2005. As, in relation to all movements of a human being, the movements such as mutually walking, running, rotating, and jumping are attained endlessly through the ground amid the interaction with the ground, in terms of the harmonious movement of the upper limbs and the lower limbs, related to the basic movement in ballet, the type of a movement depends on the size and direction of the force that presses down the ground (Fz, Fx, Fy) amid the interaction with the ground. Therefore, aiming to correctly and efficiently perform a rotational movement in Arabesque, this study analyzed factors of the force manifestation through GRF (Ground Reaction Force), by dividing into preparing, stepping, standing, rotating, and finishing stages (events (1) ${\sim}$ (5)), targeting the subjects of 4 elite female students who majored in ballet. 1. At the No.5 position of the preparing stage, It is necessary that support the ground with left and right foot balance, 2. As the stepping stage is the phase ranging from the event (2), in which a plie movement of bending a knee is started, to the event (3) of stretching a knee, Rebunding motion is not good, and One have a position with ankle and knee flextion condition in order to stretch strengthly in event (3) position 3. At the event (1) position, It is necessary that exert the Fz reaction force at the event (3) position. Because large stretch force help to have a toe on position easily and show a active motion 4. In order to have a stand and rotation motion smoothly, One need a muscle strength training for ankle extension, knee extension, control horizental force

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1243-1253
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• 2007

최근 UHF 대역에서 동작하는 RFID 시스템이 활발히 연구되고 있으며, 유통 물류 분야를 시작으로 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. UHF RFID 시스템을 설계하는데 있어 가장 중요한 파라미터가 리더가 태그를 인식할 수 있는 최대 거리로, 이를 인식 거리라 부른다. 인식 거리는 순방향에서는 태그에 전력이 공급되어 역산란할 수 있는 전력이 공급되는지 여부와 역방향에서는 태그에서 역산란된 전력을 리더가 수신할 수 있는지에 따라 결정되며, 두 인식 거리간에 적절한 밸런스가 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 UHF RFID 시스템의 인식 거리에 대한 공식을 순방향과 역방향에 대해 각각 유도하고, 이를 바탕으로 순방향 및 역방향간의 링크 밸런스를 맞추기 위한 조건을 고찰하였다. 분석 결과, 역방향 링크의 경우, 안테나 이득, circulator의 isolation 특성, 국부 발진기의 위상 잡음에서의 range correlation 효과 등이 인식 거리를 결정하는 주요한 파라미터가 됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.182-190
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• 2011

본 논문은 계통 전압 사고 상황에서 계통 연계형 풍력 발전 시스템이 만족시켜줘야 할 LVRT(Low Voltage Ride Through) 제어 전략을 제안한다. LVRT 규정은 계통 전압 사고 시 풍력 발전 시스템이 지켜야 할 부분들을 전압 감소율과 사고 시간에 대해 나타내고 있다. 특히 전압 감소율이 10% 이상일 경우에는 풍력 발전 시스템은 규정된 무효 전류를 전력 계통에 제공하여 계통 전압 확보에 이바지해야 한다. 본 논문에서의 LVRT 규정은 세계적으로 가장 엄격한 규정인, 독일 계통 연계 규정(German Grid Code)을 기준으로 하고 풀 스케일(Full-scale) 가변 속도 전력 변환 시스템을 고려하여 제어 전략을 수립한다. 본 LVRT 제어 전략은 계통 사고 시 LVRT 규정을 모두 만족시킴과 동시에 직류단 전압 제어의 추가적인 알고리즘으로 직류단 전압의 제어를 통하여 전체 풍력 발전 시스템의 전력 균형을 기할 수 있다. 3상 전압 지락 사고의 경우 계통으로의 전력 제어가 불가능하여 계통 측 컨버터가직류단 전압을 제어할 수 없으므로, 전력 제어의 기능을 발전기 측 인버터로 이행 시켜 상황에 따라 유연한 직류단 전압 제어가 가능함을 보였다. 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통해 LVRT 제어 전략의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.745-755
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• 2002

To examine the effects of Yunpyesan on the cell proliferation of A549 human lung carcinoma cell line, we performed various experiments such as dose-dependent effect of Yunpyesan on cell proliferation and viability, morphological changes, quantification of apoptotic cell death and alterations of apoptosis/cell cycle-regulatory gene products. Yunpyesan declined cell viability and proliferation in both a dose- and a time-dependent manner. The anti-proliferative effect by Yunpyesan treatment in A459 cells was associated with morphological changes such as membrane shrinking and cell rounding up. Yunpyesan Induced apoptotic cell death in a time-dependent manner, which was associated with degradation of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), an apoptotic target protein, without alterations of the balance between Bcl-2 and Bax expressions. DNA flow cytometric histograms showed that population of G1 phase of the cell cycle was increased by Yunpyesan treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis revealed that cyclin D1 and A were reduced by Yunpyesan treatment, whereas cyclin dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p27 was markedly increased in a time-dependent fashion. The level of tumor suppressor p53 proteins was also increased by Yunpyesan treatment and its increase might be linked to increase of Cdk inhibitor p27. In addition, Mdm2, negative regulator of p53, was down-regulated by Yunpyesan treatment. Since the expression of retinoblastome protein (pRB), a key regulator of G1/S progression, was reduced by Yunpyesan treatment, we supposed that phosphorylation of pRB might be also blocked. The present results indicated that Yunpyesan-induced inhibition of lung cancer cell proliferation is associated with the induction of apoptosis and the blockage of G1/S progression.