• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.39-48
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• 1972

Two polyethylene tubes were inserted into the esophagus of anesthetized rabbit in order to record the fluctuation of the intraluminal pressure through the orifices located near the tips of the tubes. The orifice of the first tube was 10 cm apart from the incisor of the rabbit and the orifice of the second tube was 5 cm below that of the first one. The tubes were filled with saline solution running at various rates ranging from 1.5 ml/min. to 4.2 ml/min. The tubes were connected to the pressure transducers and the electrical signals were recorded by the physiograph. When the peristaltic wave approached to the orifice a rise in the pressure was recorded, returning to the base line when the portion of the orifice was quiescent. The frequency of the peristaltic motion and the velocity of the wave were studied in connection with the flow rate of saline solution through the tubes and in the case of massive acute hemorrhage. The results obtained were as follows: 1. There was reflux of fluid induced during the procedure of the experiment. This outwrad flow through the pharynx seemed to elicite swallowing reflexes. Accordingly, the frequency of peristalsis of the esophagus was largely dependent on the flow rate of the fluid through the inserted tubes. By the flow rate of 1.5 ml/min., 2.5 ml/min., or 4.2 ml/min., the frequencies of the peristalsis were revealed to be $8.6{\pm}3.6/10min.,\;14.5{\pm}4.8/10min.\;or\;21.1{\pm}6.3/10min.,$ respectively. The velocity of peristalsis also coincided with the enhanced motility of the esophagus, showing $6.6{\pm}1.5\;cm/sec.,\;8.9{\pm}3.9\;cm/sec.,\;or\;12.4{\pm}4.6\;cm/sec.,$ respectively. 2. By acute hemorrhage, amounting to 2% of the body weight, the frequency of the peristalsis increased to twofold of the control and the propagation velocity also increased by 52 percent. 3. Retransfusion of the shed blood resulted in divergent responses. In some cases there were noticable ameliorations of the effects brought by acute hemorrhage, and in the others there were still increasing tendenies of the motility after the transfusion. 4. Some speculation was made about the possibility of a kind of relationship between the irreversibility of the hemorrhagic shock and the absence of responses by transfusion. 5. The peristalsis persisted even after complete disconnection at the midportion of the esophagus, reaffirming the view of a central regulation of the spatiotemporally coordinated motility, peristalsis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.470-474
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• 1980

Achalasia is a neurogenic esophageal disorder, characterized by incomplete relaxation of the gastroesophageal sphincter in response to deglutition and absence of peristalsis from the body of the esophaugs. Because there is no known method by which esophageal peristalsis can be restored, therapy is directed toward the relief of dital esophageal obstruction. During the period of June 1965 to September 1980, 13 cases of achalasia were operated at the Department of Thoracic SUrgery, Seoul Natonal University Hospital. 1. Among 13 cases, 5 were male and 8 were female. 2. Esophagomyotomy was performed in 12 cases, and 1 case was treated with transverse suture of lower esophagus after longitudinal incision. 3. There was no operative mortality, but 2 cases subsequently underwent esophagogastrostomy after esophagomyotomy. 4. One of 13 cases was combined with mongolism.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.462-469
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• 1980

Here, I and wer report the results of our studying about; 1. The length of esophagus and sphincters; 2. Resting pressure of upper sphincter, upper esophagus, mid-esophagus, lower esophagus and lower sphincter; 3. Pressure changes in swallowing at these points of esophagus; 4. Resting and swallowing pressure curves in these points in 50 normal Korean adults. In addition to these we wbserved pressure inversion point, slow and fast components of phasic pressure which are originating from respiration and heart beat. And we studied transportation time and speed of peristalsis. The speed of peristalsis is faster in the lower esophagus than in the upper. I can probalby be proud in the results of these study because these will become a standard criteria in the further evaluation of esophageal functional disturbances in such lesions as; Achalasia, Hiatal hernia, Esophageal canceer, Scleroderma, diverticula.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권7호
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• pp.1396-1404
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• 2017

The mathematical aspects of Dufour and Soret phenomena on the peristalsis of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Jeffrey liquid in a symmetric channel are presented. Fluid viscosity is taken variably. Lubrication approach has been followed. Results for the velocity, temperature, and concentration are constructed and explored for the emerging parameters entering into the present problem. The plotted quantities lead to comparative study between the constant and variable viscosities fluids. Graphical results indicate that for non-Newtonian materials, pressure gradient is maximum, whereas pressure gradient is slowed down for variable viscosity. Also both velocity and temperature in the case of variable viscosity are at maximum when compared with results for constant viscosity.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2022

This paper studied the peristaltic transport of upper convected Maxwell nanofluid through a porous medium in a heated (isothermal) symmetric vertical channel. The nanofluid is assumed to be electrically conducting in the presence of a uniform magnetic field. These phenomena are modeled mathematically by a differential equations system by taking low Reynolds number and long-wavelength approximation, the yield differential equations have solved analytically. A suggested new technique to display and discuss the trapping phenomenon is presented. We discussed and analyzed the pumping characteristics, heat function, flow velocity and trapping phenomena which were illustrated graphically through a set of figures for various values of parameters of the problem. The numerical results show that, there are remarkable effects on the vertical velocity, pressure gradient and trapping phenomena with the thermal change of the walls.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

In this paper, in order to quantify the peristalsis occurrence in a guinea pig's large intestine, a miniaturized air-gap capacitive pressure sensor was fabricated through micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS). The proposed pressure sensor is a two-layered biocompatible polyimide substrate consisting of an air-gap capacitive plates between the substrates. The proposed pressure sensor was designed with a careful consideration of the structure and motility mechanism of the guinea pig's large intestine. Artificial pellets were mounted on a prototype pressure sensor to provide some redundancies in the form of size and shape of the guinea pig feces. Capacitance of a prototype sensor was recorded to be 2.5 ~ 3 pF. This capacitance value was later converted to count value using a lab fabricated data conversion system. Sensitivity of the pressure sensor was recorded to be below 1 mmHg per atmospheric pressure. During in vivo testing, artificial peristalsis caused by drug injection was measured by inserting the prototype pressure sensor into the guinea pig's large intestine and pressure data obtained due to artificial peristalsis was graphed using a labview program. The proposed pressure sensor could measure the pressure changes in the proximal, medial, and distal parts of the large intestine. The results of the experiment confirmed that pressure changes of guinea pig's large intestine was proportional to the degree of drug injection.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.701-707
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• 2012

Immune stress is the loss of immune homeostasis caused by external forces. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of immune stress on the growth performance, small intestinal enzymes and peristalsis rate, and mRNA expression of nutrient transporters in broiler chickens. Four hundred and thirty-two 1-d-old broilers (Cobb500) were randomly assigned to four groups for treatment; each group included nine cages with 12 birds per cage. Group 1 = no vaccine (NV); Group 2 = conventional vaccine (CV); group 3 = lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+conventional vaccine (LPS); group 4 = cyclophosphamide (CYP)+conventional vaccine (CYP). The results demonstrated that immune stress by LPS and CYP reduced body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), small intestine peristalsis rate and sIgA content in small intestinal digesta (p<0.05). However, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) remained unchanged during the feeding period. LPS and CYP increased intestinal enzyme activity, relative expression of SGLT-1, CaBP-D28k and L-FABP mRNAs (p<0.05). LPS and CYP injection had a negative effect on the growth performance of healthy broiler chickens. The present study demonstrated that NV and CV could improve growth performance while enzyme activity in small intestine and relative expression of nutrient transporter mRNA of NV and CV were decreased in the conditions of a controlled rational feeding environment. It is generally recommended that broilers only need to be vaccinated for the diseases to which they might be exposed.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.362-374
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate the inhibitory effect of Banhasasim-tang on early reflux esophagitis by control of gastric peristalsis and the lower esophageal sphincter in mice. Methods : Experimental mice were classified into three groups. The normal group were mice with no inflammation. The control group were mice with gastroesophageal reflux elicited by alcohol. The sample group were mice administered Banhasasim-tang after gastroesophageal reflux elicitation. We observed morphological change and production of ghrelin, substance P, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in gastroesophageal junction mucosa. In addition, we examined change of epithelial junction in esophageal mucosa and change of lower esophageal sphincter distribution. Results : The migration of inflammation-related cells in lamina propria of gastroesophageal junction decreased more in the sample group than in the control group. The positive reaction of ghrelin, substance P, and iNOS significantly decreased more in the sample group than in the control group (p<0.05). Injury of the epithelial junction in the esophageal mucosa and outer oblique layer in the lower esophageal sphincter were significantly mitigated by Banhasasim-tang administration in the sample group (p<0.05). Conclusions : According to the above results, it is supposed that Banhasasim-tang inhibits early reflux esophagitis by controlling not only gastric peristalsis and acid secretion through ghrelin, and substance P but also the lower esophageal sphincter through iNOS.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.567-573
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• 2014

최근에, 의학 분야의 MEMS 기술이 발전하면서 다양한 미세 유체 이송 시스템이 연구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 펌프와는 다른, 두 개의 분리된 압전 판을 이용해 위장의 연동 운동을 모방한 마이크로 압전 펌프를 제안한다. 본 펌프는 진행파를 이용해 연동 운동을 일으켜 작동된다. 특히, 압전판에서 인가된 입력 전압에 의해 발생된 변위에 의해 동작된다. 이에 두 판 사이에서 진행파가 일어나며 유체는 진행파에 의해 생성된 압력차에 의해 이동된다. 압전 소자, 탄성체, 유체가 복합된 시스템을 이해하기 위해서 유한 요소 해석을 사용하였다. 챔버의 높이, 세라믹 개수 등의 설계 변수들을 변화시켜 유체의 유량을 확인하였다.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2009

Background: Surgical treatment of corrosive esophageal stricture with colon interposition was very widely used. The colon interposition advantage is low reflux esophagitis risk and preservation of gastric capacity and peristalsis. This procedure was introduced by Orsoni and much improved. But, if stomach injury was minimal, gastric interposition is useful due to simple technique and low complication. Material and Method: Esophageal reconstruction by the transhiatal esophagectomy and intracervical esophagogastrostomy was done in 7 patients of corrosive esophageal stricture at Dong-San medical center from January 1998 to December 2007. Result: There were six female and one male patients raBackground Surgical treatment of corrosive esophageal stricture with colon interposition was very widely used. The colon interposition advantage is low reflux esophagitis risk and preservation of gastric capacity and peristalsis. This procedure was introduced by Orsoni and much improved. But, if stomach injury was minimal, gastric interposition is useful due to simple technique and low complication. Material and Method: Esophageal reconstruction by the transhiatal esophagectomy and intracervical esophagogastrostomy was done in 7 patients of corrosive esophageal stricture at Dong-San medical center from January 1998 to December 2007. Result: There were six female and one male patients ranging from 29 to 69 years of age. The complication was two anastomosis site leakage, one gastric necrosis and one mortality due to bowel strangulation and sepsis. Conclusion: Transhiatal esophagectomy and intracervical esophagogastrostomy is safety and useful method at selection case even though corrosive esophageal resection is debated.