• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.327-335
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between periodontal disease, diabetes and chewing problems in Korean adults over the age of 19 using the 6th National Health Nutrition Survey. Methods: Data from the 6th National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ministry of Health & Welfare, 2013; 2014; 2015) were used. In this study, 17,101 adults aged 19 and older were included in the study to determine the relationship between diabetes and chewing problems in Korean adults. Results: Diabetes and chewing problems have been associated with periodontal disease. Diabetes was 0.719 times lower(p<0.001) in periodontal disease than in the case of diabetes. Chewing problem was 1.360 times(p<0.001) periodontal disease prevalence compared to 'not at all uncomfortable'. It was found that the prevalence of periodontal disease was 2.139 times(p<0.001) compared to 'not at all uncomfortable'. It was found that the prevalence of periodontal disease was 2.296 times higher(p<0.001) compared to 'not at all uncomfortable'. It was found that the prevalence of periodontal disease was 2.119 times higher(p<0.001) compared to 'not at all uncomfortable'. Conclusion: Diabetes and chewing problems were found to be related to periodontal disease, and as reported in previous studies, diabetes and chewing problems related to oral disease need to be prevented and treated with regular checkups. In addition, based on the research results, it can be used as basic data for the health business plan that can maintain and manage health.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.399-410
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the influencing factors of metabolic syndrome on the periodontal disease in the Korean adults over 40 years old. Methods: The data were extracted from the Fifth National Health Nutrition Survey 2010. The subjects were adults over 40 years old. The periodontal diseases were examined by direct survey. The questionnaire consisted of the general characteristics of the subjects, oral health behavior, metabolic syndrome, and relation to periodontal diseases. CPI(community periodontal index) was measured. CPI indicates periodontal condition and classified into alveolar arch of the upper jaw and the lower jaw. A periodontal disease is defined as $CPI{\geq}3$(over 4 mm). The variables for metabolic diseases included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and obesity measured as BMI. Results: Diabetes mellitus is closely related to periodontal diseases prevalence. Low level of HDL increase the periodontal diseases. Number of toothbrushung, use of dental floss and interdental toothbrush as for the number of toothbrushing, more than twice toothbrushing a day, and use of dental floss and interdental toothbrush reduced periodontal diseases. Conclusions: The risk factors of periodontal disease in Korean adults over 40 years old were sex, age, residence, monthly income, education level, smoking, diabetes and low HDL cholesterol.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.855-864
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of periodontal disease in menopausal women. Methods: We used data from the 7th (2016-2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects of the study were 2,643 women aged 40 to 59 years who participated in the periodontal examination and answered a menses questionnaire. The data were analyzed using complex samples multivariate logistic regression to investigate the effects related to periodontal disease in menopausal women. Results: After adjusting for general characteristics, oral health behaviors, and health status, those aged 50-59 years had odds ratio (OR) for periodontal disease of 2.52 compared to those aged 40-49 years. Compared to those who brushed 3 or more times a day, those with less than 3 brushings a day had OR of 1.48. Those who smoked had a 3.00 higher risk of periodontal disease than those who were non-smokers. Further, those with glycosuria had a 2.26 higher risk of periodontal disease than those without glycosuria. Conclusions: In order to promote the oral health of menopausal women, it is suggested that comprehensive and systematic oral health education should be implemented considering various variables.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1017-1025
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• 2011

Objectives : Periodontal disease is a serious oral disease that frequently occurs among adults. The objective of this study is to provide necessary data for the development of an oral health care program that can effectively manage periodontal disease and subsequently maintain and enhance oral health. Methods : Data was collected from patients of a dental clinic in Daejeon, Korea from 1 July to 25 August 2009. A thesis submitted to the Committee of Graduate School of Public Health & Biotechnology Chungnam National University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Health conferred in February, 2010. Results : 68% of the patients were aware of periodontal disease, with older patients exhibiting better awareness. 48.0% replied that their periodontal health is good in general, with older patients inclined to say that their periodontal health was poor. 70.5% cited bad brushing habit or skipping the act of tooth brushing as the cause of periodontal disease, while 63.5% reported brushing their teeth an average of 3 times a day. 56.5% said that they brush their teeth correctly, and 63.5% told that they brush their teeth up and down, and left to right and 70.0% replied that they would attend an educational program for the prevention of periodontal disease, with older patients shown to more likely attend such a program. Conclusion : a program that can motivate people to become aware of the importance of oral health care should be developed and implemented. Such a program should include the dissemination of correct and accurate oral health care information and measures for educating people about the importance of prevention.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.653-662
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influences of oral health behaviors, depression, and stress on periodontal disease in pregnant women. Methods: The participants in this study were 129 pregnant women. Data were collected using questionnaires which included individual characteristics, oral health care behaviors, the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D), a global measure of perceived stress, and pregnancy stress. A dentist measured periodontal probing depth and classified stages of periodontal disease according to the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results: Periodontal disease had significant correlations with oral health care behaviors (r=-.56, p <.001), perceived stress (r=.44 p <.001), pregnancy stress (r=.37 p <.001), diet (r=-.33, p <.001) and depression (r=.18 p =.046). Factors influencing periodontal disease for these pregnant women were being in the 2nd (${\beta}=.27$, p <.001) or 3rd trimester (${\beta}=.45$, p <.001), having a pregnancy induced disease (${\beta}=.20$, p =.002), performing higher oral health behaviors (${\beta}=-.30$, p <.001), and having higher perceived stress (${\beta}=.17$, p =.028). The explanation power of this regression model was 61.6% (F=15.52, p <.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that periodic assessment of periodontal disease is essential for pregnant women who are in 2nd or 3rd trimester and have pregnancy induced diseases. Enhancing oral health care behaviors and reducing perceived stress are indicated as effective strategies to reduce periodontal disease in pregnant women.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2018

Purpose : Preeclampsia(PE) is a pregnancy-specific disease which is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. This disease occurs in about 2-8 % of pregnancies in developing countries and remains among the major causes of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity throughout the world. Although the causes of PE are not fully understood, the infection has been considered as the main risk factor for this diseases. Periodontal disease may provide a chronic burden of endotoxin and inflammatory cytokines and the disease has been considered as risk factors of systemic illnesses including cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, and cerebrovascular ischemia. So, studies performed over the last 15 years have suggested that periodontal disease may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as PE. However, this association has not been found in all populations. The aim of this review article was to evaluate whether periodontal status and the presence of specific periodontal pathogens may influence the incidence of PE. Methods : Many research articles searched at the electronic databases(MEDLINE; 2000 to July 2017) including search term as periodontal disease and preeclampsia. Result : There were 10 case-control studies and 5 cohort studies meeting our inclusion criteria. The results showed that maternal periodontitis (adjusted odds ratio: 1.5 to 9.3) was associated with preeclampsia in 15 epidemiological studies. Conclusion : It is clear that maternal periodontitis is a risk factor associated with preeclampsia, emphasizing the importance of periodontal care in prenatal programs.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.919-929
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to comprehensively examine the relationship between periodontal disease and high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) level. Methods: This study was conducted using the data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. SPSS 18.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis. The data were collected from 4,576 subjects aged ≥19 years. To analyze the association between periodontal disease and hs-CRP level, chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis were used. Results: Consequent to correcting all the disturbance variables, the moderate risk of hs-CRP was 1.39 times higher in patients with periodontal disease than in those without (OR=1.39; 95% CI:1.14-1.69), whereas the high risk of hs-CRP was 1.10 times but there was no statistical significance (OR=1.10; 95% CI:0.79-1.53). Conclusions: Periodontal disease contributes to raising the risk of systemic inflammation and hs-CRP from low to moderate. Periodontal disease is associated with an early rise in hs-CRP.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.575-583
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and periodontal disease-related symptoms among Korean adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the 16th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (2020). A complex sample logistic regression was performed to identify the relationship between sleep quality and periodontal disease-related symptoms after adjusting for all covariates. Results: In model II, to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for all covariates, students who answered "not at all sufficient", indicating sleep quality, were at higher risk of experiencing periodontal disease-related symptoms than those who answered "completely sufficient" (AOR=1.58). As a result of subgroup analysis, for estimating the AOR adjusted for all covariates in boys, students who answered "not at all sufficient", indicating sleep quality, were at a higher risk of experiencing periodontal disease-related symptoms than those who answered "completely sufficient" (AOR=1.68). In girls, students who answered "not at all sufficient", indicating sleep quality, were at a higher risk of experiencing periodontal disease-related symptoms than those who answered "completely sufficient" (AOR=1.43). Conclusions: It is necessary to formulate health policies that can promote optimal sleeping habits and oral health behaviors among Korean adolescents.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of dietary protein intake and quality on periodontal disease in Korean adults. Methods: The data used for analysis were obtained from the 7th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016-2018). Data were analyzed using chi-square and t-test. Additionally, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between dietary protein intake and quality and periodontal disease. Statistical significance level was set at <0.05. Results: Multiple logistic regression analysis of dietary protein intake and periodontal disease in the model adjusted for socioeconomic factors showed that were significantly related to the Q1 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.39). However, this correlation was not significant in the model in which all variables were corrected. Moreover, analysis of the dietary protein quality and periodontal disease in model 4, which was adjusted for socioeconomic variables, showed that were significantly related to the low score (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00-1.27). Conclusions: The results showed a significant association between periodontal disease and poor intake and quality of dietary protein in the Korean adult population.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.299-305
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to confirm the relevance between the frequency of beverage consumption and periodontal disease among Korean adults. The data used for analysis was obtained from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2015). The subjects were 9,042 adults aged 19 to 64. In non-smoking group, people with periodontal disease had less intake of milk, carbonated beverage, and fruit juice and more intake of coffee than people without periodontal disease. In smoking group, people with periodontal disease had less intake of milk, liquid yogurt, carbonated beverage, and fruit juice and more intake of coffee than people without periodontal disease. In the results of verifying the correlation between periodontal disease and beverage intake in accordance with the matter of smoking after revising the socio demographic characteristics, in non-smoking group, the intake of coffee was correlated with periodontal disease. In smoking group, the intake of milk was correlated with periodontal disease. Since the intake frequency of some beverages is related to periodontal disease, there should be guidelines on beverage consumption during the periodontal disease prevention education.