• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.211-216
• /
• 1997

Peony is commonly used as roots that peeled and dried. But intact root contains higher medicinal constituents than peeled root (machine peeling). The yield of roots was also higher in intact roots. Use of intact root saved the labor time for peeling and 15% of root from yield loss by peeling. Paeoniflorin content was different with each zones of root. The content of Paeoniflorin was 5.11% in epidermis and 3.28% in cortex. When peeled peony roots were dried at hot air after briquet fire drying, root color was good for commercialization. But color of intact root was good at hot air drying without briquet fire drying. The required time for drying was longer in drying of intact roots than peeled roots drying.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.91-108
• /
• 2002

Whitening agents are eagerly demanded especially by oriental women who often suffers from the pigmentary disorders such as melasma and solar lentigines. As these pigmentary disorders are exacerbated by ultraviolet (UV), the whitening agents could exert its effect not only by inhibiting melanin synthesis but also by inhibiting UV activated signals. Eumelanin protects UV-induced DNA damages so that the chemicals which could reduce UV-induced DNA damages might be the ideal lightening agents. The effect of newly synthesized antioxidants, a-tocopheryl ferulate, on protective effect for UV-induced DNA damages as well as inhibiting melanin synthesis are briefly shown. For clinical evaluation, our results of the efficacy of lightening agents on treating pigment macules in combination with chemical peeling are shown. Furthermore, newly developed facial image analyzers to quantitatively evaluate the improvement of pigment macules are introduced.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.227-236
• /
• 2022

The microblade cutting method, so-called SAICAS, is widely used to quantify the adhesion of battery composite electrodes at different depths. However, as the electrode thickness or loading increases, the reliability of adhesion values measured by the conventional method is being called into question more frequently. Thus, herein, a few underestimated parameters, such as friction, deformation energy, side-area effect, and actual peeing area, are carefully revisited with ultrathick composite electrodes of 135 ㎛ (6 mAh cm^-2). Among them, the existence of side areas and the change in actual peeling area are found to have a significant influence on measured horizontal forces. Thus, especially for ultrahigh electrodes, we can devise a new SAICAS measurement standard: 1) the side-area should be precut and 2) the same actual peeling area must be secured for obtaining reliable adhesion at different depths. This guideline will practically help design more robust composite electrodes for high-energy-density batteries.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.195-201
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the flexural strengthening effects of RC beams reinforced with carbon fiber sheets (CFS) in variable of strengthening amount and anchorage length of CFS. This study can be summarized as follows ; The CFS shares the tensile stress such as rebar during loading test. Also, as the strengthening amount of CFS is increased, the maximum flexural strength of RC beams reinforced with CFS is increased. Therefore, it is confirmed that the CFS's strengthening method is very effective to improve the flexural strength of RC beams. The maximum flexural strength of RC beams with CFS is determined by bond failure between CFS and concrete surface. So, the evaluation of CFS's strengthening effect can be calculated using the tensile stress of CFS which is peeling. When the anchorage length of CFS is increased, the ductility of RC beams is increased because of delaying the peeling of CFS. But, in case of same anchorage length of CFS, when the strengthening amount of CFS is increased, the ductility is decreased. Therefore, it is considered that the anchorage of CFS in the end zone is necessary.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.89-108
• /
• 1991

Organophosphorus pesticide residues such as Diazinon, Fenitrothion and EPN in apple and effect of storage peeling and washing on removal of the residues from apple soaked in 3 kinds of pesticides solutions for 20 seconds were studed with gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorus detecter(GC-NPD). Result obtained are as follows : 1) Average concentrations of DiaEinon, Fenitrothion, and EPN detected in apple of control group were 0.022, 0.007 and 0.008 ppm respectively. 2) Decreasing rates of Diazinon on 7 th, 14 th, 21 st, 28 th, and 35 th day after soaking apple on the pesticide solution were 41.3% , 68.6% , 87.0%, 96.9% and 99.5% respectively. In case of Fenitrothion were 46.9%, 66.3%, 84.9%, 93.2% and 97.3% and EPN were 45.7 %, 76.2%, 85.4%, 95.7% and 99.4% respectively. 3) The removal rate of Diazinon, Fenitrothion and EPN by washing with water alone were 93.7%, 70.6% and 51.5% respectively, and 97.1% , 78.4% ailed 76.5% by washing with 0.2% detergent solution respectively. The results obtained in this study have show that 3 kinds of pesticides detected in app- les were below the Korean standard for residual pesticides and pesticides contaminated in apples were decreased in considerable degree by washing with water and 2% detergent solution and removed almost completely after storage for 35 days (5 weeks). Therefore, it would be concluded that washing and peeling will be the most effective way for safely because more than 90% of pesticide exist in peel.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2006.06a
• /
• pp.210-213
• /
• 2006

나노입자를 이용하여 치밀한 $Cu(In,\;Ga)Se_2$ 태양전지용 광흡수층을 제조하기 위해 먼저, 콜로이달 방법으로 합성된 20nm이하의 CIGS 나노입자를 저가의 스프레이 법을 이용하여 CIGS 막을 제조하였다. 제조된 CIGS막을 two-zone RTP (rapid temperature Process) 방법으로 Se 분위기 안에서 열처리를 행하였다. 입자의 치밀화를 위해 기판의 온도, Se 증발온도와 수송가스의 유량을 조절하여 CIGS 입자성장을 행하였다. 그러나, Se의 증발온도가 높을수록 CIGS와 MO 박막 사이에서 $MoSe_2$ 층이 형성되었다. 형성된 $MoSe_2$층의 부피 팽창으로 인해 하부의 유리기판과 Mo층 사이에서 peeling off 현상이 발생했다. 이러한 Peeling off현상을 억제하면서 CIGS 나노입자 성장을 하기 위해, Se 공급을 빨리 할 수 있도록 Se의 증기압을 높였으며, 최적조건에서 급속 열처리 공정을 통해 CIGS 나노입자 성장과 치밀화를 위한 소결거동을 관찰하였다.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.211-220
• /
• 1980

Internal stress of electrodeposited metals affect physical and mechanical characteristics of deposits. Internal stress of nickel deposits was reviewed intensively. Important outcomes are as follows. Substrate have an important effect on internal stress of electrodeposit. Origin of its internal stress could be explained mismatch of crystal lattice and coalescence of crystallites. When surface cleaning is not satisfying, instantaneous stress is low but the electrodeposited layer being thickened increasingly stress become to high and peeling phenomenon occurs. Effect of current density and temperature on internal stress is variable. Internal stress increases rapidly at pH 5 and above because of codepositing colloidal materials caused hydrolysis. Concentrations of nickel ion and $H_3BO_3$ ion affect little on internal stress and solution which contains impurities tend to increase stress. Especially impurities of $H_2O_2$ and iron ion have a great effect on internal stress. Additives are divided in two kind. One is increasing tensile stress another is increasing compressive stress. Concentrations of additives have a great effect on internal stress.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.492-504
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of seaweed peeling (SP), glycolic acid peeling (GP) and general scrub (GS), which are widely known as cures for acne in both medicine and esthetics on the keratosis pilaris skin and provide basic data for a keratosis pilaris improvement program. For the experiment, subjects were categorized into control (GS) and experimental (GP and SP) groups, and tests were performed on arms and legs with relatively high keratosis pilaris symptoms (5 parts for each group) for 6 weeks. The keratin quantity, sebum content, moisture level and pigmentation were measured before and after (2, 4 and 6 weeks) the experiment and comparatively analyzed. The GP group showed an increase in moisture level (t=-4.064, p<0.01) but a decrease in pigmentation (t=3.536, p<0.01), while a decrease in keratin quantity (t=2.370, p<0.05) and pigmentation (t=4.017, p<0.01) was observed in the SP group and a decrease in keratin quantity (t=2.834, p<0.05) and an increase in moisture level (t=-7.589, p<0.001) was observed in the control group (GS). Additionally, the skin irritation reaction was lowest in the GS group. The SP group had the highest satisfaction with the improvement in response to keratosis pilaris care. When asked if they were willing to get the treatment with the same product, both SP and GP groups were high. In other words, keratosis pilaris care was needed in both experimental and control groups. Overall, the results of this study indicate that SP, GP and GS, which are commonly used in remedying acne, normalize turnover cycle by removing the dead cells from around the pores and improve keratosis pilaris symptoms by increasing moisture in the skin. Therefore, to improve keratosis pilaris skin, it is important to keep removing keratin and using a moisturizer that provides a skin barrier on a regular basis. The results presented herein will be useful as basic data for a keratosis pilaris improvement program.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.333-340
• /
• 2019

This paper was described about the preparation of the multi-functional mask pack and its evaluation. Here, the multi-functional effects means the far-infrared emissivity effect due to polyphosphoric acid, the freckles treatment effect and peeling effects due to inclusion complexes, and the skin temperature decreasing effect due to Lavender-extraction compounds. The the hazardous chemicals, viscosity, and pH were determined blow 0.01%, 280 cP, and pH=6.92 in the prepared multi-functional mask pack solution, respectively. The multi-functional mask pack prepared with dipping method in the solution were showed the value of $0.882{\mu}m$ (Far-infrared emissivity) and $3.40{\times}10^2W/m$ at $37^{\circ}C$ (Far-infrared radiation energy), respectively. After taking multi-functional mask pack, the skin moisturizing rate was indicated 35.5%, and the skin temperature was showed in the range of $24{\sim}26^{\circ}C$. The skin stimulation test for the 30 volunteer was showed very strong stability.

• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 2015

In wafer level molding progress, the thermal releasing failure phenomenon is shown up as the important problem. This phenomenon can cause the problem including the warpage, crack of the molded wafer. The thermal releasing failure is due to the insufficiency of adhesion strength degradation of the molding tape. To solve this problem, we studied experimental method increasing the release property of the molding tape through the plasma surface treatment on the wafer substrate. In this research, the vacuum plasma treatment system is used for release property improvement of the molding tape and controls the operating condition of the hydrophilic($O_2$, 100kW, 10min) and hydrophobic($C_2F_6$, 200kW, 10min). In order to perform the peeling test for measuring the releasing force precisely, we remodel the micro scale material property evaluation system developed by Korea institute of industrial technology. In case of hydrophilic surface treatment on the wafer substrate, we can figure out the releasing property of molding tape increase. In order to grasp the effect that it reaches to the release property increase when repeating the hydrophilic treatment, we make an experiment with twice treatment and get the result to increase about 12%. We find out the hydrophilic surface treatment method using plasma can improve releasing property of molding tape in the wafer level molding process.