• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.10
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• pp.948-953
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• 2007

Acute renal failure is the generic term for an abrupt and sustained decrease in renal function resulting in retention of nitrogenous and non nitrogenous waste product. This may results in life threatening consequences including volume overload, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis. Acute renal failure is both common and carries high mortality rate, but as it is often preventable, identification of patients at risk and and appropriate management are crucial. This review summarized the most recent information on definition, epidemiology, clinical causes and management of acute renal failure in pediatric patients.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.1133-1135
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• 2008

The ultimate goal of the term alteration to pediatrics is that not only infants and children but also adlescents are subjet to pediatrics. At 27, June, 2007 the term pediatrics was altered to pediatrics (children and aoldescent medicine). From now on the roles of pediatricians for adolescents are needed and adolescent medicine should be reorganized in Korea. Although the numbers of children are decreased in the times of low birth rate, the efforts of pediatricians try to enlarge the range of treatment for adolescents are need.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.244-244
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• 2019

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.907-910
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• 2008

Recently we published new edition of 'child & Adolescent health record book' considering easy usability and introduction of new vaccines. This record book has essential and important contents for caring our children and adolescents. Currently many people use various vaccination record books with wrong and poor contents. We suggest the campaign that every pediatrician must give our well made record book to these people. This campaign can give their children an opportunity for proper vaccination and medical checkup. Ultimately through this campaign, the role and importance of pediatrician in the fields of vaccination and bring up children and adolescents will be recognized. We trust that the better record book can be made with continuous interest and active advice of all Korean Pediatric Society members about the contents and usability of this book.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.15-26
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Intranasal acupuncture treatment in allergic rhinitis patients. Methods: This study was carried with the 42 pediatric allergic rhinitis who had been treated in our hospital. Inner young-hyang was used for the intranasal acupuncture points. Their nasal cavity was observed via anterior rhinoscopy. We induced patient's inferior turbiante bleeding by acupuncture. Patients nasal symtoms and QOL(quality of life) were assessed by the Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS) and Quality of Life Questionnaire for Korean Rhinitisian(QLQKR). Results: Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS) and Quality of Life Questionnaire for Korean Rhinitisian(QLQKR) were significantly improved. Conclusions: Intranasal acupuncture treatment is relatively effective in treating pediatric allergic rhinitis.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2007

Purpose : Fever, the most common presenting symptom in pediatric clinics, has been believed to be a dangerous symptom by many parents. Proper recognition about fever will relieve unnecessary anxiety of parents and help them understand the course of the disease. Our objectives of this study were to investigate current parental recognition about fever and to compare these results with those described in 1992. Methods : Between May and July 2006, we questioned caregivers who visited the pediatric outpatient clinic in St.Paul hospital. The questionnaire consisted of 19 items asking about recognition, attitude and management of fever. Results : A total of 136 caregivers were interviewed. Compared with 10 years ago, there were no significant improvements in misconception about fever. Many caregivers (61%) had wrong information about a definition and the way to measure body temperature. There were still high concerns about febrile convulsion and brain damage from fever. Caregivers started treatment at the body temperature which actually needed no therapy. Conclusion : Parents were not aware that fever is just one of physiologic responses and has benefits, which led to unnecessary anxiety and treatment. This misconception has not been changed over the years. Pediatrician should inform parents that fever itself is not harmful and only rational reason for use of antipyretics is to relieve a discomfort of a febrile child. An educational interventions offered by pediatricians will be helpful for parents to have right attitude and understandings toward fever.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2009

The property of pit and fissure sealant has been improved and many studies on the bond strength, penetration, microleakage have been published. But there are few studies on the using status and perception of pit and fissure sealant within the country. Therefore, this study made a survey on it. Pedodontists and non-pedodontists were surveyed by interview. The Results were as follows; 1. On caries prevention effect, 96.7% of the pedodontists replied that sealants were effective on both permanent teeth and primary teeth. On the other hand, 13.5% of the non-pedodontists replied that sealants weren't effective on both. 2. All of the pedodontists and 27% of the non-pedodontists used rubber dams. 83.3% of the pedodontists and 40.5% of the non-pedodontists used bonding agents. 3. Non-pedodontists used enameloplasty more frequently than Pedodontists but the pattern was not significantly different. 4. The causes of sealant failures included salivary contamination, caries under sealant, low strength, low flowability, overfilling. 5. In the pedodontists, 90% replied that PRR application was desirable and PRR applications were more frequent than sealant application.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.839-844
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• 2006

Purpose : We studied clinical patterns of the febrile infants and children presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department(ED) in the general pediatric population. Method : We analyzed 1,764 infants and children who had a history of measured body temperature of $38.3^{\circ}C$ or higher, before or after arrival at Pediatric ED of Ilsan Paik Hospital from September 2004 to August 2005. We analyzed their clinical patterns, such as the frequency of febrile illness, age distribution, monthly distribution, diagnosis. Result : The frequency of the febrile illness at Pediatirc ED was 19.9 percent (1,764/8,881 cases). The percentage of admission into hospital was 26.4 percent. The most common age group presenting to Pediatric ED with febrile illness was the 12-23 months group(22.8 percent) followed by the 4-11 months group and the 2 years group. In May, the most numerous patients presented to the Pediatric ED with febrile illness. The frequency of febrile illness was significant higher in the 'Spring & Summer group' compared to the 'Autumn & Winter group'. The ratio of male to femal was 1.4:1. The most common diagnosis was acute pharyngitis(42.5 percent), followed by acute gastroenteritis (15.3 percent), pneumonia(7.0 percent). Conclusion : The frequency of the febrile illness at Pediatirc ED was 19.9 percent. The most numerous patients visited Pediatric ED in May. And, the most common age group was 12-23 months. The proportion of non-urgent disease, such as acute pharyngitis, acute gastroenteritis, acute nasopharyngitis and acute bronchitis, was high. There is a need to educate parents and improve the medical system in Korea.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2008

Introduction: In this study, we compared sleep structure, EEG characteristic of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and normal controls which were matched in sex and age. Methods: Fifteen children (male：female=4：11) who complained snoring and were suspected to have sleep apnea and their age and sex matched normal controls (male：female=5：10) have been done nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG). Sleep parameters, sleep apnea variables and relative spectral components of EEG from NPSG have been compared between both groups. Results: Pediatric OSA group were distinguished from normal controls in terms of apnea index, respiratory disturbance index and nadir of oxyhemoglobulin desaturation. Pediatric OSA group showed increased percent of sleep stage 1, decreased rapid eye movement sleep percent and increased delta power in O1 EEG channel. However other sleep parameters and spectral powers were not different between two groups. Conclusion: In pediatric OSA group, sleep structure parameter disruption may be not prominent as the previous studies for adult OSA group because of including mild OSA data in diagnostic criteria. In addition, EEG changes might not be distinct due to low arousal index compared to adult OSA patients. We can observe general characteristics and particularity of pediatric OSA through this study.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.147-154
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to calculate and compare administered activities(MBq) and effective dose(mSv) of the various pediatric dose formulas of pediatric nuclear medicine and to provide base data for the criteria of the optimal administered activities. This study compares dosages and effective doses of 5 types of pediatric dose formulas(Clark rule, Area rule, Webster rule, Young rule, Solomon(Fried) rule) based on the dosage for adults of 2 types of radiopharmaceuticals($^{99m}Tc$-MDP, $^{99m}Tc$-Pertechnetate). The administered activities in adults, which is the criteria for calculating the Pediatric administered activities, used the value from the 'Nuclear Medicine' written by J-G Jeong & M-Ch Lee. and the administered activities by the radioactivity per effective dose(mSv/MBq) of the radiopharmaceuticals for calculating the effective dose used the value from ICRP 80 and the UNSCEAR 2008 Report. As a result of the study, the output of Young rule is the lowest, and its difference between other formulas is from minimum 1.7 times to maximum 3,4 times. The difference between administered activities of $^{99m}Tc$-MDP is maximum 309.9MBq and the effective dose is 3.76mSv. $^{99m}Tc$-Pertechnetate showed the figure at the maximum 154.9MBq and the effective dose has a difference of 5.50mSv. Since the pediatric dose formulas differ not only in administered activities but also in effective doses, the optimal administered activities have to be developed for optimization of medical radiation.