• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1145-1154
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• 2012

Recent research has been mostly focused on the differences of prenatal sex hormone could affect the ratio of the lengths of the second to fourth digits (2D:4D) as well as the rate of several physiological characteristics. It has been suggested that digit ratios are thought to be associated with either higher prenatal testosterone levels or greater sensitivity to androgens, or both. However, a study of person with disabilities are rare in Korea. The purpose of this study was to compare patterns of the ratio (2D:4D) of the lengths of the second and fourth digits in persons with disabilities and students without disabilities. Also, we empirically analyze the characteristics of persons with disabilities. We found that finger length ratio (2D:4D) of men with disabilities and student without disabilities were lower than women with disabilities and student without disabilities. Therefore, it could be confirmed that finger length ratio (2D:4D) is sexually dimorphic trait. There were no correlations between finger length ratio (2D:4D) and age group in persons with disabilities. Therefore, as with person without disabilities, the 2D:4D ratio was negatively associated with a growth process of persons with disabilities. Finally, There was no difference correlations between finger length ratio (2D:4D) and level of disability in persons with intellectual disabilities. From this, one possible explanation for this is that if finger length ratio (2D:4D) is related to person with disability then current classification of the level of disability deserves further investigation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.209-212
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• 2013

The Nuri process of emphasis by the Ministry of Education to promote is standardized curriculum at the national level for the education and care. It is to improve the quality of pre-school education and Ensure a fair starting line early in life and It emphasizes character education in all areas of the window. Nuri the process of development of a the insect robot for the Creativity education Increased the interesting and educational effects. Assembly and the effect on learning of educational content using a VR educational robot using the existing floor assembly using the online website to help assemble and learning raised. Order to take advantage of information technology in the information-based society requires the active interest and motivation in learning, creative learning toddlers learning robot are also needed. A three-dimensional model of the robot, and augmented by linking through the marker, the target marker and the camera relative to the coordinate system of augmented reality, seeking to convert the marker to be used in augmented reality marker patterns within a pre-defined patternto be able to make a decision on what of. The fusion of a smart education through training and reinforcement the educational assembly of the robot in the real world window that is represented by a virtual environment in this paper to present a new form of state-of-the-art smart training, you will want to lay the foundation of the nation through the early national talent nurturing talent.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.477-484
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• 2016

This study was carried out to determine the factors affecting the trend and usage of Magnetic Resonance Imaging before and after the implementation of National Health Insurance. The research materials were the MRI Execution Data, Health Insurance Review Data, and Medical Expenses in the Health Insurance Data from a General Hospital located in Dae-jeon Metropolitan City from 2004 to 2013. The subjects of analysis were 3,754 people in 2004 (prior to the implementation of Health Insurance), and 4,107-8,603 people from 2005-2013(after the implementation of Health Insurance). In terms of analysis, a comparison of the use of MRI before and after implementation of the Health Insurance of User Characteristics and Provider Characteristics were taken as $X^2$, while factor analysis for the elements that affect MRI usage was carried out by Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis. According to the results of this study, the level of use decreased temporarily in the initial application stages of the national health insurance, but it soon increased. In particular, the inspection rates for women, the head and neck, those not subject to the application of the national health insurance, internal medicine, and the inpatients increased. The application of the national health insurance for MRI influenced the increasing inspection rates (P<.0001). As the inspection rate for the MRI increased, it is important to expand the application of the national health insurance to reduce the national health expenditure.

• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.945-953
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• 2014

This study aims to develop protective pants to relieve impact from falls and to present basic data for the development. The survey results are as follows; First, 45% of the respondents were in their 60s and 55% of them were in their over 70s and older. Also, 64% of them have fallen once for the past year and 36% of them have fallen twice or more. The older they were, the more there were those who have fallen twice or more. This indicated the older people has experienced more fall accidents again after a initial fall accident. Second, as per accident situations, the survey showed that fall accidents happened the most in the winter and in the afternoon (12-18 pm). Also, it happened on a street mostly and they were wearing sneakers or hiking boots when they got a hurt slipped in a front or side by missing their step in a walk. The injury areas are mostly knee and ankle. They had the bruises or a sprain in their knee and ankle mostly. The rate of bone fracture was 19.5%. Therefore, the protection area to falls in lower body is the knee. But hip and hip joint should be protected with knee as well because those are usually be broken when it is damaged. Third, approximately 80% of those who were hospitalized for treatment had surgery. Patients who had surgery were rather in their over 70s than in their 60s. The older they were, the more serious their fracture was. The period of hospital or outpatient treatment is more than three weeks in many cases. They responded their health got worse after falls. Aftereffects of accidents were physical discomfort, anxiety and medical costs. Falls to the old makes physical damage, psychological damage, which cause reduced physical activity and the increased cost of health care with economic losses. So it results on a negative impact on the life of the old. Fourth, elderly females were rarely aware of impact protective clothing and they have never purchased such clothing. For impact protective pants, the major consideration was suitable design for their body types. They liked casual style with front or side pockets and simple designs without any patterns or decorations. As per pants materials, they responded that they need functionality, activity and elasticity. Among the functional points, insulation of cloths are considered importantly, so the heat reservance of material in the impact protective pants should be considered carefully.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 2000

Objective : In western medicine, many medication therapies and non-medication therapies have been treated for dementia. But these methods did no more than symptomatic therapies, not basic treatment, which just can better subordinate symptoms. In fact, care or control became the very point of treatment of dementia. So, to try to find oriental medical treatments for Dementia, a clinical analysis was carried out for 84 patients who were diagnosed as Dementia through MMSE-K and treated in Dong-shin Oriental Medicine Kwangju Hospital and Karitaas Sanatorium from 10. Jan. 1998 to 20. May. 2000. Methods : Regardless of patterns of Dementia, the basic treatment(本治) is to supplement encephalon deficiency(腦髓不足). And the external treatment(標治) must be accompanied by through diagnosis according to symptoms(辨證). All patients were given Yukmi-jihwanghwan gami and acupuncture treatment. Results : Dementia of cerebral vascular type shows a high distribution(51 patients, 60.7%). Women also are distributed more widely(62명, 73.8%). In Age distribition, 70-79 years-32 patients(38.1%), over 80 years-21 patients(25%), 60-69 years-17 patients(20.2%), 50-59 years-13 patients(15.5%) and under 49 years-1 patient(1.2%). From this, Dementia occurs well over 60 years and the rate of occurrence of Dementia is high as people grow older. In past history of people with Dementia, hypertension is associated much(50 patients, 64.1%). Distribution of mental state by MMSE-K examination declined in orientaion, mathmatical faculty, memory faculty and composition faculty. In therapeutic effect by treatment duration, 14 patients(93.3%) out of 15 in sanatorium show a significant effect. And 52 patients(75.4%) out of 69 in the hospital show the same result. Especially, 11 patients with Alzheimer type in sanatorium showed an good effect when treated over 4 months. 40 patients(83.3%) with cerebral vascular type out of 48 in the hospital showed the stage of betterment. Conclusions : The basic treatment(本治) for Dementia is to supplement encephalon deficiency(腦髓不足). For promoting encephalon through supplementing kindney(補腎健腦), All patients were given Yukmi-jihwanghwan gami. And the external treatment(標治) through diagnosis according to symptoms(辨證) were be accompanied by. The result is quite effective. We consider there must be more research based on this study.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.146-151
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• 2008

Purpose : Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is recognized to be the most difficult pathogen to control and treat in pediatric burn centers. We analyzed the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of A. baumannii in our pediatric burn intensive care unit during the past 7 years. Methods : We retrospectively evaluated 56 patients (105 samples) under the age 15 years and who were infected with A. baumannii between January 1999 and December 2005. Results : Fot the 56 patients, the ratio of males to females was 1.15:1 and the median age was 48.3 months. The sites of 105 isolates were wounds (65%), sputum (20%), blood (6 %), cutdown tips (5%), endo-tip tubes (2%) and urine (2%). A. baumannii presented yearround. The annual antimicrobial resistance rate increased and the multidrug resistant rate for two or more antibiotics was 93.33%. For 3 patients in whom resistance emerged, the interval period between the susceptible and resistant strains after antibiotic use was a mean of 10 days. The A. baumannii isolated from blood were all multi-drug resistant pathogens. Conclusion : Multidrug resistance of A. baumannii is increasing. Strict infection control guidelines and active surveillance are needed for the prevention and treatment of A. baumannii in hospitals.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.5923-5931
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• 2015

Background: Registry data from four major public hospitals indicate trends over three decades from 1980 to 2010 in treatment and survival from colorectal cancer with distant metastases at diagnosis (TNM stage IV). Materials and Methods: Kaplan-Meier product-limit estimates and Cox proportional hazards models for investigating disease-specific survival and multiple logistic regression analyses for indicating first-round treatment trends. Results: Two-year survivals increased from 10% for 1980-84 to 35% for 2005-10 diagnoses. Corresponding increases in five-year survivals were from 3% to 16%. Time-to-event risk of colorectal cancer death approximately halved (hazards ratio: 0.48 (0.40, 0.59) after adjusting for demographic factors, tumour differentiation, and primary sub-site. Survivals were not found to differ by place of residence, suggesting reasonable equity in service provision. About 74% of cases were treated surgically and this proportion increased over time. Proportions having systemic therapy and/or radiotherapy increased from 12% in 1980-84 to 61% for 2005-10. Radiotherapy was more common for rectal than colonic cases (39% vs 7% in 2005-10). Of the cases diagnosed in 2005-10 when less than 70 years of age, the percentage having radiotherapy and/or systemic therapy was 79% for colorectal, 74% for colon and 86% for rectum (&RS)) cancers. Corresponding proportions having: systemic therapies were 75%, 71% and 81% respectively; radiotherapy were 24%, 10% and 46% respectively; and surgery were 75%, 78% and 71% respectively. Based on survey data on uptake of offered therapies, it is likely that of these younger cases, 85% would have been offered systemic treatment and among rectum (&RS) cases, about 63% would have been offered radiotherapy. Conclusions: Pronounced increases in survivals from metastatic colorectal cancer have occurred, in keeping with improved systemic therapies and surgical interventions. Use of radiotherapy and/or systemic therapy has increased markedly and patterns of change accord with clinical guideline recommendations.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.325-331
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of the headache attributed to Temporomandibular disorder(TMD) symptoms and to investigate the relationships of headache and TMD. 66 patients seeking care for signs and symptoms of Temporomandibular disorders(TMD) and Orofacial pain in the department of oral medicine, Dental Hospital, Chosun University, from January, 2008 to June, 2008, were recruited. The obtained results were as follows : 1. A muscle and TMJ origin combined was the most common in study populations(54.55%), grouped as TMD classification. 2. Tension type headache was the most common in study population(89.39%), grouped as headache classification. 3. 36 patients out of 66(54.55%) had headaches which related to TMD. 4. Out of 36 patients who had suffered the headache which were attributed to TMD, 19 patients(52.78%) described that their headache related to TMD was different from their own primary headaches. In conclusion, headache attributed to TMD is relatively common in the patients who had headaches and TMD symptoms together. And the new headache patterns may related to headache and TMD chronification. Larger-scale studies and more specified and controlled comparison study is needed to confirm the relationship between the headache and TMD.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.21-41
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• 2014

The purpose of his study was to explore the effect of crossover musical activities applying the traditional Korean Jang-dan on the multicultural perception of young children. The subjects of this study were one class of 21 5-year-old children(experimental group) in J kindergarten and two classes of 5-year-old children (20 children in comparative group and 20 children in control group) in S kindergarten located in Y city, totaling 61 children (31 male children and 30 female children). Twenty sessions of Crossover musical activities applying the traditional Korean Jang-dan (rhythmic patterns) developed by the author were applied to the experimental group, musical activities focusing on traditional Korean music to the comparative group and musical classes from Nuri curriculum for 5-year-olds to the control group, respectively. The result of this study showed the following, among the sub-factors of multi-cultural perception, the scores of post-cultural openness and post-cultural acceptability showed a significantly higher level in statistical terms in the experimental group, for which crossover musical activities applying the traditional Korean Jang-dan were conducted, than those in the comparative group and the control group. The comparative group which participated in musical activities of traditional Korean music exhibited a significantly higher level of post-cultural respectfulness statistically (than other groups). The result of this study implies that crossover musical activities applying the traditional Korean Jang-dan have the effect of enhancing the perception of cultural openness and cultural acceptability which are the sub-factors of young children's multi-cultural perception.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2020

For the successful execution of an ODA project, it is necessary to know what areas are weak and necessary to the country of demand exactly. The health sector is also a top priority in most of developing countries. This study was carried out to introduce non-communicable disease (NCD) in Fiji for ODA projects planning. The major causes of death in Fiji in 2016 are diabetes, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, lower respiratory infect, asthma in ranking. The major causes of death in Korea in same year are cancer, ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, pneumonia, suicide, diabetes in the order of ranking. The chronic disease as non-communicable disease (NCD) has been increasing continuously due to changes in lifestyle and consumption patterns and population aging in prevalence rate. This global trend is also apparent in Fiji and Korea, reflected in increasing mortality and personal costs for the treatment and management of NCD. The need for a sustained comprehensive treatment tailored for individual patients has suggested from many studies and the development of a systematic program to manage NCD patients to provide such care have been recommended. The Fiji government developed Non-communicable Diseases Strategic Plan 2015-2019 and has tried to reduce the prevalence rate of non-communicable diseases by factors. The WHO global action plan guiding national-level NCD policies requires an NCD prevention and control model at the community level, presenting strategic goals and detailed options for the introduction and application of the approach to communities. It is necessary to develop an NCD prevention and control model, consisting of a strategy of community intervention, education for students and NCD patients, and the legal enactment of NCD that adequately meets the needs of community members.