Journal of Appropriate Technology (적정기술학회지)

Academic Society for Appropriate Technology (적정기술학회)
권호 표지

A Study on the Management of Non-Communicable Disease in Fiji

피지에서의 만성병 관리

  • Kim, Daeseon (Ministry of Health and Medical Services) ;
  • Romakin, Pablo (Ministry of Health and Medical Services) ;
  • Rafai, Eric (Ministry of Health and Medical Services) ;
  • Lee, Chulwoo (WHO Collaborating Center, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 김대선 (피지 보건의료부) ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • 이철우 (국립환경과학원 WHO협력센터/환경보건연구과)
  • Received : 2020.10.05
  • Accepted : 2020.10.30
  • Published : 2020.11.20

⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

For the successful execution of an ODA project, it is necessary to know what areas are weak and necessary to the country of demand exactly. The health sector is also a top priority in most of developing countries. This study was carried out to introduce non-communicable disease (NCD) in Fiji for ODA projects planning. The major causes of death in Fiji in 2016 are diabetes, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, lower respiratory infect, asthma in ranking. The major causes of death in Korea in same year are cancer, ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, pneumonia, suicide, diabetes in the order of ranking. The chronic disease as non-communicable disease (NCD) has been increasing continuously due to changes in lifestyle and consumption patterns and population aging in prevalence rate. This global trend is also apparent in Fiji and Korea, reflected in increasing mortality and personal costs for the treatment and management of NCD. The need for a sustained comprehensive treatment tailored for individual patients has suggested from many studies and the development of a systematic program to manage NCD patients to provide such care have been recommended. The Fiji government developed Non-communicable Diseases Strategic Plan 2015-2019 and has tried to reduce the prevalence rate of non-communicable diseases by factors. The WHO global action plan guiding national-level NCD policies requires an NCD prevention and control model at the community level, presenting strategic goals and detailed options for the introduction and application of the approach to communities. It is necessary to develop an NCD prevention and control model, consisting of a strategy of community intervention, education for students and NCD patients, and the legal enactment of NCD that adequately meets the needs of community members.

ODA 사업을 성공적으로 수행하기 위해서는 수요 국가에서 취약하고 필요한 분야가 무엇인지 정확히 아는 것이 중요하다. 보건분야는 대부분의 개발 도상국에서 우선순위의 첫 번째를 차지하고 있다. 이 연구는 ODA 프로젝트 계획에 도움이 되고자 피지에서의 비전염병 질환(NCD) 상황을 소개하기 위해 수행되었다. 2016년 피지의 주요 사망 원인은 당뇨병, 허혈성심장병, 뇌혈관질환, 만성신장질환, 하기도감염, 천식 등이다. 같은 해 한국의 주요 사망 원인은 암, 허혈성심장병, 뇌혈관질환, 폐렴, 자살, 당뇨병 순이다. 비전염성 질환으로서의 만성 질환은 생활 습관 및 소비 패턴의 변화와 인구 고령화로 인해 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이러한 세계적인 추세는 피지와 한국에서도 명백하며 NCD의 치료 및 관리를위한 사망률 및 개인 비용 증가에 반영된다. 많은 연구에서 개별 환자에 맞춘 지속적이고 포괄적인 치료의 필요성이 제안되었으며, 이러한 치료를 제공하기 위해 NCD 환자를 관리하는 체계적인 프로그램 개발이 권장되었다. 피지 정부는 2015-2019 년 NCD 전략계획을 개발했으며 요인별로 NCD의 유병률을 낮추려고 노력해왔다. 국가 차원의 NCD 정책을 안내하는 WHO 글로벌 행동 계획은 지역 사회 수준의 NCD 예방 및 관리 모델을 필요로 한다. 이런 측면에서 ODA도 직접적인 지원만이 아니라 시스템관리 지원도 고려할 만하다.

Keywords

References

  1. Arti Pillay, Kathy Trieu, Joseph Alvin Santos, Arleen Sukhu, Jimaima Schultz, Jillian Wate, Colin Bell, Marj Moodie, Wendy Snowdon, Gary Ma, Kris Rogers and Jacqui Webster. (2012). Assessment of a Salt Reduction Intervention on Adult Population Salt Intake in Fiji, Nutrients 2017, 9(12), 1350; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9121350
  2. Augustine D Asante, Wayne Irava, Supon Limwattananon, Andrew Hayen, Joao Martins, Lorna Guinness, John E Ataguba, Jennifer Price, Stephen Jan, Anne Mills, Virginia Wiseman. (2017). Financing for universal health coverage in small island states: evidence from the Fiji Islands, BMJ Global Health. March 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
  3. Belloc, N. B., Breslow, L. Relationship of physical health status and health practices (1972). Prev Med 1972, 1, 409-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-7435(72)90014-X
  4. Bodenheimer, T., Wagner, E. H., Grumbach, K. (2002). Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness. JAMA 288:1775-1779. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.288.14.1775
  5. Breslow, L., Enstrom, J. E. Persistence of health habits and their relationship to mortality. Prev Med 1980, 9, 469-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-7435(80)90042-0
  6. Brian, G., Ramke, J., Maher, L., Page, A., Fischer-Harder, K., Sikivou, B. (2011). Body mass index among Melanesian and Indian Fijians aged >/= 40 years living in Fiji. Asia Pac J Public Health. Jan 2011, 23(1), 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539510390665
  7. Chang Won Won. (2014). Health promotion and disease prevention in the older adults, J Korean Med Assoc 2014 September; 57(9), 756-762. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2014.57.9.756
  8. Charles Parry, Jayadeep Patra, and Jurgen Rehm. (2011). Alcohol consumption and non-communicable diseases: epidemiology and policy implications, 106(10), 1718-1724. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174337/ https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03605.x
  9. Fiji Health Sector Support Program. (2014). Non-Communicable Diseases Strategic Plan 2015-2019
  10. Goulding, M. R., Rogers, M. E., Smith, S. M. (2003). Public health and aging: trends in aging-United States and worldwide, JAMA 289, 1371-1373. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.289.11.1371
  11. Gregory Pavela, Dwight W. Lewis, Julie Locher, and David B. Allison. (2017). Socioeconomic Status, Risk of Obesity, and the Importance of Albert J. Stunkard, Curr Obes Rep. 2016 Mar, 5(1), 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-015-0185-4
  12. Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service, National Health Insurance Service. (2018). 2017 National Health Insurance Statistical Yearbook, 20.Disease Statistics, ISSN 1738-8945, p71.
  13. Hiroki Nagai, Young Hak Kim. (2017). Cancer prevention from the perspective of global cancer burden patterns, J Thorac Dis. 2017 Mar, 9(3), 448-451. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2017.02.75
  14. Kostat. (2017). 2016 Cause of death
  15. Luisa Cikamatana Rauto. (2018). Our National Heakth care System, Presentation ppt for health advisors to Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Fiji
  16. Meeson Sook. (2003). Food consumption trends and nutrition transition in Korea, Malaysian Journal of Nutrition 9(1), 7-17.
  17. Melonie Heron. (2015). Deaths: Leading Causes for 2011, National VitalStatistics Reports, Volume 64, Number 7 July 27, P1-95.
  18. Ministry of Health & Medical Services. (2014). Smoking, http://www.health.gov.fj/quit-smoking/)
  19. Ministry of Health & Medical Services. (2010). Non-Communicable Diseases Strategic Plan 2010-2014, https://untobac-cocontrol.org/impldb/wp-content/uploads/reports/fiji_annex5_ncd_strategic_plan_2010_2014.pdf
  20. Ministry of Health & Medical Services. (2015). Time to move Fiji, http://www.health.gov.fj/time-to-move-fiji/
  21. Ministry of Health & Medical Services, Fiji. (2016). National Strategic Plan (2016-2020), https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/sites/default/files/FJI%202016%20National%20Strategic%20Plan.pdf
  22. Ministry of Health, Korea. (2019). Guide of chronic disease management pilot project in Primary Healthcare, https://www.medric.or.kr/Uploads/BLibrary/복지부%202019년도%만성질환관리지침.pdf
  23. Mohammed Ellulu, Yehia Abed, Asmah Rahmat, Yazan Ranneh and Faisal Ali. (2014). Epidemiology of obesity in developing countries: challenges and prevention, Global Epidemic Obesity 2014, http://www.hoajonline.com/journals/pdf/2052-5966-2-2.pdf
  24. Myunghwa Kim. (2012). Status of medical use for chronical disease patients, HIRA_Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service p.43 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco
  25. Ministry of health and medical services (2014). Cancer, http://www.health.gov.fj/cancer/
  26. Natalie Vandeven and Paul Nghiem. (2014). Pathogen-Driven Cancers and Emerging Immune Therapeutic Strategies, Cancer Immunol Res. 2014 Jan; 2(1), 9-14. https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-13-0179
  27. OECD Korea policy Centre (2015). Health at a Glance Asia/Pacific 2014, 36-38.
  28. OECD & WHO (2016). Health at a Glance : Asia/Pacific 2016, 36-37.
  29. Park, Y. H. Non communicable diseases (NCD) prevention and control: primary care and community participation and movement model. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013.
  30. Park, Y. H. (2014). Strategy for noncommunicable disease control and prevention, J Korean Med Assoc October; 57(10), 808-814. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2014.57.10.808
  31. Snowdon, W., Waqa, G., Raj, A., Kanungo, A., Robinson, H. (2013). Non-communicable disease and health system responses in Fiji, The Nossal Institute for Global Helath, Working paper series, No. 34, p.4.
  32. Sixty-sixth World Health Assembly (2013). Follow-up to the Political Declaration of the High-level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases, WHA66.10, https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA66/A66_R10-en.pdf?ua=1
  33. Thomas Bodenheimer, Edward H. Wagner, Kevin Grumbach. (2002). JAMA. 2002; 288(14): 1775-1779. doi:10.1001/jama.288.14.1775
  34. UN (2011). Leaders Gather at UN Headquarters for a High-Level Meeting on Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs), https://www.un.org/en/ga/ncdmeeting2011/
  35. UN (2013). A new global partnership: eradicate poverty and transform economies through sustainable development, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/8932013-05%20-%20HLP%20Report%20-%20A%20New%20Global%20Partnership.pdf
  36. WHO/FAO (2003). Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, WHO technical report series 916, ISBN 92 4 1209 16X
  37. WHO (2008). Raised blood pressure, Global Health Observatory (GHO) data, https://www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/blood_pressure_prevalence_text/en/
  38. WHO (2014). Guideline: Sodium intake for adults and children. World Health Organization, 2012. p22 http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/77985/1/9789241504836_eng.pdf
  39. WHO (2014). Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010 [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010 [cited 2014 Sep 16]. Available from: http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd_report_full_en.pdf.
  40. WHO (2014). Report of the global survey on the progress in national chronic diseases prevention and control [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2007 [cited 2014 Sep 16]. Available from: http://www.who.int/chp/about/ ReportGlobal-Survey-09.pdf.
  41. WHO (2017). Tackling NCDs: 'best buys' and other recommended interventions for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/259232. License: CC BY-NCSA 3.0 IGO
  42. WHO (2017). 10 facts on obesity/Updated October 2017https://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/en/
  43. WHO (2018). Noncommunicable diseases, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases
  44. World Health Rankings (2018). FIJI: HYPERTENSION, https://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/fiji-hypertension
  45. WHO (2020). Mean Body Mass Index (BMI), https://www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/bmi_text/en/
  46. WHO (2018). Alcohol, https://www.who.int/news-room/factsheets/detail/alcohol
  47. WHO (2020). Raised cholesterol-Situation and trends, https://www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/cholesterol_text/en/