• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.9-18
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• 2001

1. EAF Dust in Japan - Generation and Characteristics. The quantity of dust generated from EAF shops in Japan was estimated to be 520,000 tons/year in 1999. Extremely fine dust (or fume) is formed in the EAF by metal vaporization. Its characteristics such as chemical compositions, phases, particle size, leaching of heavy metal are mentioned. 2. EAF Dust Treatment Methods in Japan. In 1999, 61% of EAF dust was treated by regional zinc recovery processing routes, 25% went to landfill disposal, 4% was reused as cement material, and 10% was treated by on-site processing routes. The problems of EAF dust treatment methods in Japan are: (1) very high treatment cost, and (2) heavy environmental load (leaching of heavy metal, emission of dioxins, depletion of disposal sites, etc). It has been much hoped for that new dust management technology would be developed. 3. New technology of EAF dust treatment in Japan. In Japan, some new technologies of EAF dust treatment have been developed, and some others are in the developing stages. Following five processes are mentioned:. (1) Smelting reduction process by Kawasaki Steel, (2) DSM process by Daido Steel, (3) VHR process by Aichi Steel, (4) On-site dust direct recycling technology, and (5) Process technology of direct separation and recovery of iron and zinc metals contained in high temperature EAF off gas by the Japan Research and Development Center fur Metals.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.494-501
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• 2002

Radioactive Corrosion Products (CRUD) which are generated by the neutron activation of general corrosion products at the nuclear power plant are the major source of occupational radiation exposure. Most of the CRUD has a characteristic of showing strong ferrimagnetisms. Along with the new development and production of permanent magnet (rare earth magnet) which generates much stronger magnetic field than the conventional magnet, new type of magnetic filter that can separate CRUD efficiently and eventually reduce radiation exposure of personnel at nuclear power plant is suggested. This separator consists of inner and outer magnet assemblies, coolant channel and container surrounding the outer magnet assembly. The rotational motion of the inner and outer permanent magnet assemblies surrounding the coolant channel by driving motor system produces moving alternating magnetic fields in the coolant channel. The CRUD can be separated from the coolant by the moving alternating magnetic field. This study describes the results of preliminary experiment performed with the different flow rates of coolant and rotation velocities of magnet assemblies. This new magnetic filter shows better performance results of filtering the magnetite at coolant (water). How rates, rotating velocities of magnet assemblies and particle sizes turn out to be very important design parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 2016

A three-electrode type reflective display (electronic paper) is designed to apply an independent electric field to each three electrodes of the cell including two electric-type of particles and electrically neutral color fluid, so single color realization is possible. In particular, the movement of particles and optical properties are decided by the electric field between two electrodes on the lower substrate. So, the effect of electric field by the distance between two electrodes on the lower substrate is studied with electrode spacing with $10{\mu}m$, $15{\mu}m$, $20{\mu}m$, and $25{\mu}m$. By our experimentation, the driving voltage induces more reliable movement of charged particles and the optical properties as compared with the threshold voltage. We ascertain the single color realization and non-inverted particle separation is possible. So the more desirable optical properties are observed in case of the short electrode like $10{\mu}m$.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.209-212
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• 2012

This study was performed to analyze coal flames and measure tar and soot yields and structures of chars for two coals depending on the volatile content by the LFR(Laminar Flow Reactor) which can be applied to a variety of coal researches. The results show that volatile contents and oxygen concentration have significant influence on length and width of the soot cloud and it also indicate that the length and width of the cloud in condition of combustion decrease than those of pyrolysis atmosphere. Until the sampling height reach at 50 mm, the tar and soot yields of Berau (Sub-bituminous) coal contained relatively lots of volatile matters are less than those of Glencore A.P. (Bituminous) coal. On the other hand, tar and soot yields of Berau coal are higher than those of Glencore A.P. coal by reacted residual volatile matter. In addition, the images of samples obtained from the particle separation system of the sampling probe support for above results with the yields, and the pore development of char surface by devolatilization.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.60-66
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• 1993

Aqueous polyurethane(PU) anionomer dispersions were prepared from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polytetramethylene adipate glycol(PTAd) and dimethylol propionic acid(DMPA) as potential anionic centers. The effects of polyol molecular weight(Mn) on the state of dispersion, thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties and swelling of emulsion cast film were determined. With increasing Mn of PTAd, particle size of emulsion and soft segment T$_{g}$ decreased, and solvent swell, emulsion viscosity, and hard segment $T_{g}$ increased. Tensile strength showed minimum with PTAd 1000, and elongation at break generally increased with the Mn of PTAd. These results were possibly nterpreted in terms of soft segment-hard segment phase separation and crystallization of high molecular weight PTAd.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.600-607
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• 2010

Rhenium-186, having a half-life of 90.64 h, is an important radionuclide, used in metabolic radiotherapy and radio immunotherapy. $^{186}Re$ hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP) is a new compound used for the palliation of painful skeletal metastases. Its production is achieved via charged-particle-induced reactions; the data are available in EXFOR library. For the work discussed in this paper, production of $^{186}Re$ was done via $^{nat}W(p,n)^{186}Re$ nuclear reaction. Pellets of $^{nat}W$ were used as targets and were irradiated with 15, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25 MeV proton beams at 5 ${\mu}A$ current. The radiochemical separation was performed by the ion exchange chromatography method. The production yield achieved at 25 MeV was 1.91 $MBq{\cdot}{\mu}A^{-1}{\cdot}h^{-1}$. Excitation functions for the $^{186}Re$ radionuclide, via $^{186}W(p,n)^{186}Re$ and $^{186}W(d,2n)^{186}Re$ reactions were calculated by ALICE-ASH and TALYS-1.0 codes to validate and fit the experimental data and to obtain a recommended set of data for $^{186}W(p,n)^{186}Re$ reaction. Required thickness of the targets was obtained by SRIM code for each reaction.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.607-614
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• 1997

Flurbiprofen- and flurbiprofen axetil-loaded microemulsions composed of soybean oil, poloxamer 407, glycerine and water were prepared by generator-type homgenizer and ultrasoni c probe system. The particle size of microemulsions was measured by the dynamic light scattering method. The pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of flurbiprofen were investigated after intravenous injection of flurbiprofen solution, flurbiprofen-loaded microemulsion and flurbiprofen axetil-loaded microemulsions equivalent to 10mg/kg of flurbiprofen to rats. Blood samples were collected from the anterior ciliary artery of rats for 24hr, and flurbiprofen in plasma and organs was analyzed by HPLC. Stable microemulsions were prepared. Even though there is a little change in droplet size just after the preparation, no creaming and no separation were occured during the storage period for 6 months at 4, 21, 37 and 45$^{\circ}C$. Pharmacokinetic parameters and organ distribution of flurbiprofen after intravenous injection of flurbiprofen- and flurbiprofen axetil-loaded microemulsions emulsified with poloxamer 407 were not significantly different from those of commercial lipid microemulsion emulsified with lecithin. Therefore, it is concluded that flurbiprofen- and flurbiprofen axetil-loaded microemulsion prepared with poloxamer 407 could be used as a parenteral formulation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 1982

Degree of separation and adhesion of dye and stain particles has been measured usually by the rate of reflection of light. However, it could be proved that the relation between the quantity of stain and the rate of reflection greatly varied with kinds of stain and states of adhesion. For this study, several pieces of cotton and polyester having different states of stain adhesion were prepared by staining them with two kinds of artificial stain different in color: Ferric Oxide and Ferric Oxynate. Every piece went through soilremoval test which employed two surfactants: Anionic LAS and Cationic M2-100. After the operation, relations between quantity of pre-soilremoval stain and rate of reflection were measured, as well as those between quantity of post-soilremoval stain and rate of reflection. Rate of reflection and quantity of stain were not proportional in measurement to the pieces stained with Ferric Oxide and Ferric Oxynate. The consequence was also the same with cotton and polyester. That held true of the fat-stained textile. With the same quantity of stain, rate of reflection varied according to the magnitude of stain particles, and the state of adhesion influenced the magnitude of stain particles a great deal.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.247-250
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• 2011

We designed an effective screening method for double strand DNA (dsDNA) binders using DNA-modified magnetic particles. Hairpin DNA was immobilized on the surface of magnetic particle for a simple screening of dsDNA binding materials in a solution containing various compounds. Through several magnetic separation and incubation processes, four DNA-binding materials, DAPI, 9AA, AQ2A, and DNR, were successfully screened from among five candidates. Efficiency of screening was demonstrated by HPLC analysis using a C2/18 reverse-phase column. In addition, their relative binding strengths were verified by measuring the melting temperature ($T_m$). If hairpin DNA sequence is modified for other uses, this magnetic bead-based approach can be applied as a high-throughput screening method for various functional materials such as anti-cancer drugs.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.2295-2298
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• 2012

We describe herein a three-dimensionally diverse micropatterning of poly(lactic acid), as a biopolymer, using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-based room-temperature ionic liquids (bmim-based RTILs), [bmim]X (X = $SbF_6$, $PF_6$, $NTf_2$, Cl). Utilizing the hydrophobic bmim-based RTILs, [bmim]X (X = $SbF_6$, $PF_6$, $NTf_2$) and a phase separation technique, we were able to produce white and opaque membranes with a three-dimensional structure closely packed with particles ($10-50{\mu}m$ in diameter). The particlulate structure, made by the assistance of [bmim]$NTf_2$ and DCM, interestingly transformed to a fibrous structure by using a cosolvent, e.g., DCM/$CF_3CH_2OH$. When we used an increased amount of [bmim]$NTf_2$, the particles were effectively detached and macrosized ($100-500{\mu}m$ in diameter) and the oval-shaped beads were obtained in a powder form. By varying the counter-anion type of the imidazolium-based RTIL, for example from $NTf_2^-$ to $Cl^-$, the particulate 3D-morphology was once more transformed to a porous structure. These reserch results could be potentially useful, as a method to fabricate particulate scaffolds, fibrous or porous scaffolds, and beads as a biopolymer device in diverse fields including drug delivery, tissue regeneration, and biomedical engineering.