• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.45-63
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of adolescents' school adjustment on depression in their transitional period and to find the moderating effects of parental support, parental monitoring, and peer support on the relationship between school adjustment and depression. The participants were 550 first graders in three middle schools in Incheon Metropolitan City and Kyung-gi Province. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, adolescents' school adjustment had significant effects on depression. The lower the level of school adjustment was, the higher the level of depression was. Second, parental support, parental monitoring, and peer support had moderating effects on the relationship between school adjustment and depression. Parental support decreased the depression of adolescents who were at a lower level of adjustment to peer relationship or school class. Parental monitoring decreased the depression of adolescents who were at a lower level of adjustment to school adjustment. On the contrary, parental monitoring increased the depression of adolescents who were at a higher level of adjustment to school adjustment. Peer support decreased the depression of adolescents who were at a lower level of adjustment to school class.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.65-76
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• 2002

The purpose of this study win to examine the relation between level of income, perceived parental behaviors, and ego-identity of school-aged children. The subjects were 356 children in the 6th grade selected from six elementary schools in Seoul and Keunggi-Do. The subjects were asked to complete the questionnaire on ego-identity and perceived parental behaviors. The data was analyzed by Mean, SD, Cronbach's α, Pearson's correlation and Multiple Regression. The major findings were as follows : 1. The level of income(antecedent variable) was significantly related with perceived parental behavior(mediator) and ego-identity of school-aged children(dependent variable). 2. The effects of level of income on ego-identity of school-aged children became lower after control of the effects of perceived parental behaviors. In other words, perceived parental behaviors partially mediated the effects of level of income on ego-identity of school-aged children.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.2 s.80
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• pp.61-71
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between parental childrearing attitude and parental childrearing behavior and the effect of parental childrearing attitude and parental childrearing behavior on children's self-efficacy. The subjects included 293 children from the 4th grade to the 6th grade in two elementary schools in Seoul and Incheon. The results were as follows: First, the subjects recognized the difference between parental childrearing attitude and parental childrearing behavior; Second, the children's self-efficacy varied depending upon the style of parental childrearing attitude and the level of recognition of parental childrearing attitude by the children; Third, the children's self-efficacy varied depending upon the style of parental childrearing behavior and the level of recognition of parental childrearing behavior by the children. Several suggestions were made concerning future parental childrearing attitude and parental childrearing behavior.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1-19
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• 2019

Objective: This study aims to examine the level of parental perceptions and practices on parental role responsibilities for children enrolled in preschools and to verify the differences. Methods: A total of 301 parents whose children were attending preschools participated in this study. The collected data were analyzed for frequency, factor analysis, and reliability. In addition, the t-test and the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) were performed. Results: First, there are relatively high levels of perception and practices of parental role responsibilities. Second, parental perception of parental role responsibilities is higher than the level of actual performance. Third, although parents were highly aware of their role responsibilities, there is a great expectation of the role of preschools for the development of the social competence of children. Fourth, parents value the level of practice of role responsibilities in preschools relatively high. Conclusion/Implications: Support systems are needed to reduce the gap between parental perception and practice of their role responsibilities for children enrolled in preschools.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.49-57
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• 2011

This study explored the effects of parenting efficacy and parental role satisfaction on the life-satisfaction of employed and unemployed mothers. The 527 mothers(234 employed, and 277 unemployed), with a child under 7 years old, were selected for this study. The results were as follows. First, employment had significant correlations with several factors, including the number of children, family income, educational level of parents, parent-child relations, preparedness for parental role conflict, and life-satisfaction. Second, for employed mothers, life-satisfaction had positive relationships with various factors, including family income, fathers' educational level, parenting efficacy, and parental role satisfaction; whereas, that of unemployed mothers had positive relationships with parenting efficacy, and parental role satisfaction. Third, for employed mothers, life-satisfaction was affected by several factors, such as family income, parental role satisfaction, parent-child relations, and preparedness for parental role conflict; however, unemployed mothers were affected by the number of children, the fathers' educational level, and self-confidence relating to the parental role, general satisfaction, and preparedness for parental role conflict.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.5 s.77
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between parental support and senior high school students' career development. For this study, the data was gathered from 1,468 students in 15 classes(different divisions) at 9 high schools (3 Academic high schools, 3 Industrial technology schools, 3 Vocational high schools) in Seoul. The results of the study were as follows: 1. There is significant difference, statistically, in the relation between parental support and career development by gender. 2. As for the division factor, the recognition level of parental supports was higher in girls than in boys and the average of their career development level was also higher. 3. As for the division factor, the recognition level of parental supports was most highest in academic high school students than in other groups and the average of their career development level was also the highest. 4. There were significant correlations between the parental supports and career decision-making self-efficacy, vacational identity, career decision. 5 As for the effects of parental support on the student's career development, career decision-making self-efficacy was higher than other vacational identity, career decision.. The $R^2$ value was weak but still statistically significant.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.435-452
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to see correlation between parental psychological control and volition control in mathematics learning of 6th grade of elementary school. This study has carried out a survey for 371 male and female students in 6th grade of elementary school in Gyeongnam. We analyzed the collected data statistically, and the results are as follows. First, there was a significant difference in the level of volition control in mathematics learning between male and female students. The level of volition control in mathematics learning was found to be higher in female groups than in male groups. Second, there was no significant difference in father and mother's psychological control level perceived by 6th grade elementary school students. Third, there was a significant negative correlation between parental psychological control and their children's level of volition control in mathematics learning. In this study, by examining the correlation between parental psychological control and volition control level in mathematics learning of elementary school students, the higher the parental psychological control, the lower the level of volition control of their children. So, that it is important to have a parenting attitude that respects their children's emotion and expression.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.543-553
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was designed to explore the parental stress, behaviors and need for parental education of young women with breast cancer and how these variables are related to their children characteristics. Methods: The subjects were 110 young women with breast cancer who have a child. Data were collected using questionnaire of parenting stress, parental behaviors and need for parental education. Results: The subjects reported many unmet needs for parental education, and have the highest level of need for education related to breast cancer. Women with daughters have higher level of need for parental education compared to subjects with sons. There was a negative correlation between parenting stress and parental behaviors and between parenting stress and need of parental education. Conclusion: As these results, the development and application of parental education program for mothers with breast cancer in the future should be considered with the demographic characteristics, the social and cultural environment, parenting stress, and parental behaviors of parents and children.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.167-187
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• 2021

The increase in the number of higher education graduates and of working couples have been improving the quality of parenting and the economic situation of parenting. The relationship between family members, which consists of child rearing support and family health in conversation and play, has been improving as well. This study analyzes the impact of parental level and the family relationship on the spending in private education in households with elementary students. For the analysis, this study focuses on the mediation of parental efficacy and parenting anxiety, through which family relationship and parental level affect elementary private education. Data of 1,075 parents with children aged 6 to 11 from 2018 Children's Comprehensive Survey are used in statistical analysis via PLS structural equation. This study shows that family relationship and parental level had have a positive effect on parental efficacy, and family relationship, parental level and parental efficacy had have a negative impact on parenting anxiety. It is also confirmed that parental level has a positive effect on private education, and that parental efficacy has a negative impact on private education. Family relationship and parental level affects parenting anxiety and private education through the mediation of parental efficacy. This study finds that improving parents' economic and educational level in the overheated private education atmosphere increases private education, but improving parental efficacy from good family relationship lowers parenting anxiety and private education. These results are expected to provide theoretical and practical implications for balancing children's education and family happiness from a knowledge management perspective.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine: (1) whether the level of parental monitoring changes during adolescence; (2) if it changes, what is the pattern of the change; and (3) whether the effects of adolescents' attachment to their parents on parental monitoring are dependent on time. Six waves of data from the Korea Youth Panel Study (KYPS) were used to address the research questions. The participants of the KYPS were 3,449 (1,725 boys and 1,724 girls) adolescents who participated in the study once a year for 6 years (from the 2nd grade in middle school until their high school graduation). Latent growth modeling (LGM) was used to analyze the data. The findings are as follows: the level of parental monitoring significantly increased over the six waves of the study, and the adolescents' attachment to their parents was a time-dependent predictor of parental monitoring. The results indicate that the quality of adolescents' attachment to their parents is an important factor that makes a difference in the level of parental monitoring by, possibly, affecting the level of adolescents' disclosure to their parents.