• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.153-168
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• 2000

To investigate effects of Paeonia Radix Rubra aqua-acupuncture on Adjuvant Athritis in rats, the edema rate, the number of WBC, the quantity of total protein, albumin and globuline in the blood serum were measured and histological test of the muscular tissue were done in the arthritis part. 1. After arthritis of Sprague dawley(SD) rats was induced by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant for 2 weeks, normal saline was injected for the Control group and Paeonia Radix Rubra acua-acupuncture was injected for the Exp. group during 30 days. Selected point was $D{\acute{u}}bf(ST_{35})$ in both groups. And then the inframmator volume of plantar were checked. The volume of the plantar was $0.84{\pm}0.14mm$ in Control group and $0.57{\pm}0.09mm$ in Exp. group, the swelling of plantar was restricted significanily in Exp, group(P<0.05). 2. The number of WBC was $10.34{\pm}0.14(10^3/ml)$ in normal group and $37.47{\pm}5.46(10^3/ml)$ in Control group. It was $25.21{\pm}3.45(10^3/ml)$ in Exp. group. This fact showed that Exp group. with Paeonia Radix Rubra acua-acupuncture was more effective than Control group in the treatment of arthritis(P<0.05). 3. The content of total protein in the blood serum were $6.14{\pm}0.43g/d{\ell}$ in normal group, $7.95{\pm}0.94g/d{\ell}$ in Control group, and $6.82{\pm}1.23g/d{\ell}$ in Exp. group. There was no significance in total protein between Exp. group and Control group from the statistical analysis. 4. The contents of albumin in the blood serum were $2.94{\pm}0.13g/d{\ell}$ in normal group, $2.01{\pm}0.48g/d{\ell}$ in Control group and $2.75{\pm}0.14g/d{\ell}$ in Exp, group. This fact showed that Exp. group had significant increase in the serum albumin from the statistical analysis, in comparison with Control group(P<0.05). 5. The contents of globulin in the blood serum were $3.19{\pm}0.48g/d{\ell}$ in normal group, $4.70{\pm}1.26g/d{\ell}$ in Control group and $3.58{\pm}0.73g/d{\ell}$ in Exp. group. There was no significance in the serum globulin between Exp. group and Control group from the statistical analysis. 6. In histological examinadon, because inflammatory reaction was active, remarkably irregular tissue and large amount of inflammatory cells were found in Control. group. But Exp. group showed that tissues were in some degree recovered, the number of inflamed cells was decreased and inflammation was restrained. From these results, it is shown Paeonia Radix Rubra aqua-acupuncture restrained inflammatory reaction and muscular tissue necrosis in SD rat's plantar was restrained by Freund's complete adjuvant.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.658-675
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• 2016

분포지의 환경특성, 개체군구조, 생태적지위, 생활사 특성 그리고 개체군 통계적 연구는 효과적인 보전을 위해 필수적인 정보이다. 우리는 12년간의 분포조사를 통해 총 37개의 분포지를 확인하였고 그중 12개 지역에 있는 25개의 집단을 대상으로 생육지의 환경과 개체군 구조를 조사하였다. 강원도 평창군 대관령면의 8개 집단을 대상으로 4년간에 걸친 개체군동태를 조사하였다. 4년간의 재배실험과 화분매개곤충의 영향을 관찰하였다. 조사결과 산작약은 비교적 넓은 식생환경에 걸쳐 분포하였다. 조사가 이루어진 25개 집단의 개체군 구조는 비교적 안정적인 집단과 극단적으로 성체만이 존재하는 집단 등 상당한 차이를 나타내었다. 조사기간 동안 상층식생에 생성된 숲 틈이 개체군 동태에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 추정되었다. 재배실험에서 유묘는 토양의 유기물이 상대적으로 적은 곳에서 잘 성장하였다. 화분매개곤충의 방문이 결실한 종자의 수와 결실률에서 높게 나타나는 경향이 있었다. 결론적으로, 산작약의 분포는 환경적 요인과 더불어 분포에 관여하는 다른 요인의 연구가 필요하며 그 중에서 종자의 운반체에 대한 연구의 필요성을 제안하였다. 현재의 산작약 개체군은 과거 급격한 분포지의 감소 이후 확대되는 과정으로 평가되었다. 멸종위기야생식물인 산작약의 효과적인 보전을 위해서는 시공간적 확장을 통한 종에 대한 이해와 이를 바탕으로 한 생태계의 건강성 유지를 제안하였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.245-250
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• 1998

작약을 건조하는 동안 발생되는 갈변을 효과적으로 억제하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수분함량은 무처리와 연탄훈증 처리에서 시간 건조 후 각각 16.0, 16.2%로 높았고 산성 용액, 아황산염 용액, 및 blanching처리에서는 각각 13.5, 12.9, 14.8%로 낮았으며, 동결건조를 수행 한 시료에서는 18.8%로 가장 높았다. 2. 무처리 시료의 L, a, b, 및 ${\triangle}E$값이 61.60, 1.89, 10.20, 39.78로 갈변정도가 가장 심하였고, 연탄훈증과 아황산염 용액을 처리한 시료는 양호 하였으며 , 동결 건조를 수행한 시료는 전 건조기간 동안 갈변이 일어나지 않았다. 3. 작약의 paroniflorin은 연탄훈증과 아황산염 용액 처리에서 각각 2.41, 2.51%, 동결건조 처리에서 2.70%로 높게 나타났다. 4. $SO_{\2}$함량은 sulfites처리인 연탄훈증과 아황산염 용액 처리에서 0.63%로 차이가 없었는데 비하여 무처리와 동결건조 처리 보다는 각각 0.1%, 0. 17%가 높았다. 5. 작약 건조시 건조활동의 생력화 및 경제성, 건조시간, 상품성 등을 고려할 때는 건조온도 $60{\circ}C$에서 sulfite salts용액에 침지한 후 건조하는 것이 바람직 하지만 안전성의 측면에서 볼 때 작약 건조시 아황산 처리에 대한 안전사용기준 설정에 대한 충분한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1974

반수체식물(半數體植物)을 만들기 위(爲)하여 경제수종(經濟樹種)인 Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.의 1-2핵(核) 소포자기(小胞子期)의 약(葯)을 Kinetine, 2.4-D, 및 NAA 등(等)을 첨가(添加)한 Murashige and Shoog의 개량배지(改良培地)에 배양(培養)하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 배양(培養)한 약(葯)에서 Callus가 발생(發生)하였는데 이 callus는 약강내(葯腔內)에서도 생기고 그 외(外)의 약벽조직등(葯壁組織等)에서도 생기지만 약강내(葯腔內)에서 출현(出現)된것만이 반수성(半數性)callus였다. 2. 배양(培養)한 2,000개(個)의 Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.의 약중(葯中)에서 14개(個)(0.7%)의 반수성(半數性)callus가 생겨났는데 이 반수성(半數性) callus는 모두 때문 약강내부(葯腔內部)에서 형성(形成)되여 약(葯)의 봉합부(縫合部)를 헤치고 나온 소포자기원(小胞子起源)의 callus라는 것이 명백(明白)하였다. 3. 2n callus가 생긴 것은 전체(全體)의 0.5% 정도(程度)였었는데 이는 주(主)로 약벽조직(葯壁組織)의 내피(內被)나, 약강(葯腔)사이의 격막(隔膜), 약이유조직등(葯耳柔組織等)에서 생긴것이였다. 4. 약강내(葯腔內)의 소포자(小胞子)는 변화(變化)하여 다핵소포자(多核小胞子) 다세포체(多細胞體)들이 약강내(葯腔內)에 출현(出現)하게 되며 환원소포자(還元小胞子)에서 callus가 생기기 때문에 반수체(半數體)가 육성(育成)되는 것이 틀림이 없었다.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2002년도 춘계공동학술발표회요약집
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• pp.425-425
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• 2002

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.45-48
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• 1976

Anthers of cultivated Paeonia albiflora were cultured on media supplemented with various combinations of growth regulators. Although the number of anthers with emerged calluses were very few, in the sectioned anthers were found many multinucleate, 2-celled, or multicellular microspores, the one-celled multinucleate microspores being most abundant in number, and the multicellular ones the least. In 2-celled or 3-celled microspores two kinds were observed: one is ordinary one with single nucleus in each cell, and the other is multinucleate one. Majority of the 2-celled microspores was found to be of equational-division irrespective of whether they were multinucleate micropores or ordinary nonmultinucleate ones.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2004

Objective : The inappropriate or excessive apoptosis has been known to be associated with neurodegenerative disorders including intracranial hemorrhage(ICH). Paeoniae radix, in traditional Korean medicine, has played its role as blood­nourisher and yin-astringent. In the present study, the effect of Paeoniae radix on the inhibition of neurodegeneration in the brain of rats after artificial ICH and on the resulting apoptosis was investigated. Methods : 30 rats were divided into 6 equal groups ; the sham-operation group, the hemorrhage-induction group, the hemorrhage-induction with 10, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg Paeoniae radix-treated group, respectively. Stereotactic surgery was performed and collagenase was infused to induce ICH in the region of CA1 of hippocampus of rats. The sham group took only saline infusion. For 7 days after the surgery, 4 testing groups had intraperitoneal injections of Paeoniae radix extract. The step-down inhibitory avoidance task, measurement of neurodegeneration degree in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and detection of caspase-3 and newly generated cells in the dentate gyrus were done after animal sacrifice. Results : Rats receiving Paeoniae radix extract showed increased latency time in the inhibitory avoidance task. The extension of neuron-deprived areas in the CA1 region was significantly suppressed in the Paeonia treated groups. Also expressions of caspase-3 in the CA1 region and cortex were significantly inhibited in the Paeonia treated groups. The cell proliferation was evaluated by means of BrdU methods and proved to be decreased in the Paeonia treated groups. Conclusion : These results suggest that Paeoniae radix has potential to suppress short-tenn memory loss after devastating neurologic accidents. Also it was proved that Paeoniae radix has a neuroprotective effect and alleviates central nervous complications following intracerebral hemorrhage. Furthermore, it may imply that this medicinal plant can be widely used for vascular dementia and other neurodegenerative disorders.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.793-800
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidative effects of Paeonia lactiflora (PL) seeds on antioxidative defense system and lipid peroxidation of liver in rats fed high-cholesterol diet. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 100 $\pm$10g were randomly assigned into five experimental groups fed 0.5% cholesterol ; HC group which was not supplemented PL seeds extract, 0.1% methanol extract diet group (MP1 group), 0.2% methanol extract diet group (MP2 group), 0.05% ether-souble fraction diet group (EP1 group) and 0.1 % ether-souble fraction diet group (EP2 group). Experimental diets were fed ad libitum to the rats for 3 weeks. The activity of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) was not significantly different among all the high cholesterol diet groups. The hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx) activity in MP2 group was increased to 27% compared to HC group. The activity of hepatic catalase (CAT) was not significantly different among the all high cholesterol diet groups. The hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in the EP1 and EP2 groups were increased to 12% and 13%, respectively, as compared to HC group. The levels of hepatic TBARS in the MP1, MP2, EP1 and EP2 groups were reduced by 18%, 21%, 20% and 23%, respectively, as compared with HC group. The contents of lipofuscin in liver was not significantly different among all the experimental groups. The results indicated that PL seeds extract may be reduced oxidative damage by activating antioxidative defense system of hepatic in rats fed high-cholesterol diets. (Korean J Nutrition 36(8): 793∼800, 2003)

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2018

백작약 물 추출물과 유기용매 분획물들의 항산화 활성, 트롬빈 억제 및 구강암세포주에서의 암전이 억제 및 암세포 사멸능을 확인하였다. 에틸아세테이트 분획물이 85.13%의 높은 항산화 활성과 87.54%의 높은 트롬빈저해 효과를 나타냈으며, 또한 구강암세포주에서도 트롬빈 처리에 의해 활성화된 MMP-2/pro-MMP-2이 높은 암전이 억제 활성을 나타냈다. 그리고 구강암세포주에 대한 세포사멸 효과는 물 추출물이 5배 이상의 높은 능력을 보였다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 바탕으로 백작약 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 새로운 항산화제, 트롬빈억제제 및 암전이억제제의 개발을 위한 우수한 천연물 소재 후보 물질로서의 가능성을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2020

The root extracts of Paeonia lactiflora cv. 'Red Charm' has been studied by many groups, however, little attention has been paid to its flower petal. Paeonia is the genus in the Paeoniaceae family. 'Red Charm' Paeonia is a soft-stemmed herbaceous peony hybrid of P. officinalis and P. lactiflora. We previously showed the flower petal extract of Red Charm might have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, however, it was not clear which components might be involved in this activity. Bioinformatics analysis previously indicated these extracts have potential anti-oxidant materials. One of them is identified as paeoniflorin, which is major component in root extract of Red Charm. In this study, we compared paeoniflorin and oxypaeoniflorin using DPPH assays to measure its anti-oxidant activities. Oxypaeoniflorin showed higher levels of radical scavenging activity, similar to ascorbic acid control, whereas paeoniflorin did not. Furthermore, nitric oxide assay showed they have similar anti-inflammatory effects. Taken together, these results suggest oxypaeoniflorin may play a more important role in the anti-oxidant activity of the flower petal and root extracts of Red Charm, compared to paeoniflorin. Further studies may be able to provide a platform to develop potential dual effects therapeutics for oxidant-mediated and inflammation-mediated disease in the near future.