• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1249-1255
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• 2004

This study has developed Corynebacterium ammoniagenes (c. ammoniagenes) purine gene transcriptional reporters (purF-lacZ and purE-lacZ) that function in Escherichia coli (E. coli) DH5a. After transformation of a C. ammoniagenes gDNA library into E. coli cells harboring either purF-lacZ or purE-lacZ, C. ammoniagenes clones were obtained that repress purF-lacZ and purE-lacZ gene expression. The potential purE and purF regulatory genes are homologous to the genes encoding transcription regulators, the regulatory subunit of RNA polymerase, and genes for purine nucleotide biosynthesis of various bacteria. The C. ammoniagenes purE-lacZ and purF-lacZ reporters were repressed by adenine and guanine within E. coli, indicating similarity in the regulatory mechanism of purine biosynthesis in C. ammoniagenes and E. coli. Gene regulation of pur-lacZ by adenine and guanine was partly abolished in cells expressing potential purine regulatory genes, indicating functionality of the purine gene regulators in repression of purE-lacZ and purF-lacZ. The purE-lacZ and purF-lacZ reporters can be used for the screening of genes involved in the regulation of the de novo synthesis of the purine nucleotides.

• 프린팅코리아
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.90-92
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• 2013

모든 일에는 마무리가 중요하다. 한 권의 책을 만드는 것도 마찬가지다. 아름다운 책을 만들기 위한 마지막 작업으로 PUR방식이 유행하고 있다. PUR은 핫멜트보다 평균 50%이상 풀을 얇게 칠하면서도 강도와 유연성이 좋은 제책기법이다. PUR전문 업체인 가인 PUR(대표 이재호)을 찾아갔다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.144-150
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• 1998

It was studied about the effects of irrigation schedules by integrated solar radiation on fruit sweetness of cherry tomato in perlite and polyurethane(PUR) culture. In PUR culture. the brix % was decreased with frequent irrigation and their differences were increased as high as the cluster. The brix % in PUR culture was higher than in perlite culture and their differences were large in proportion as the Plant grew when the Percentage of drainage was 25%. The a＊ value, expressing red color. was not affected by irrigation schedules when the medium was PUR. On the other hand, the value of a＊ in PUR was higher than that in perlite. and its tendency was large as high as the cluster. The fresh weight of fruit was higher in perlite culture than in PUR culture. From this study it Is recommended that the percentage of drainage is maintained to 25% in PUR culture in view of Productivity and quality of fruits.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.233-238
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• 2009

The expression of Corynebacterium ammoniagenes purF was analyzed by utilizing a plasmid carrying a cat gene fused to the purF promoter region. Adenine and guanine repressed the expression of the purF gene by 20~30% but hypoxanthine did not exert such repressive effect. The expression purF was maximal at the late log phase and remained constant throughout the stationary phase. Promoter $P_{180}$ which was developed in C. glutamicum was also functional in C. ammoniagenes, achieving maximal activity at the late log phase. The promoter outperformed Escherichia coli $P_{tac}$ promoter by 40~50% level. DNA-affinity purification identified a protein which could bind to the promoter region of the purF gene. The protein showed high similarity to the CRP-family transcriptional regulator encoded by NCgl0120 in C. glutamicum. The size of the screened protein agreed with the expected protein size from the ORF NCgl0120. The corresponding gene in C. ammoniagenes encoded a 42 kDa polypeptide composed of 400 amino acids with expected pI of 4.9. The encoded protein showed 14.1% and 15.8% identity with E. coli and Bacillus subtilis PurR, respectively, suggesting that the isolated protein might be a novel type of regulatory protein involved in the regulation of purine metabolism.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1296-1302
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• 2008

This work was conducted to study the performance, carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the Longissimus muscle (LM) of first-generation Purunã (n = 7, PUR1), second-generation Purunã (n = 9, PUR2), and 1/2 Puruna vs. 1/2 Canchin (n = 13, PUCA) bulls finished in a feedlot. The animals averaged 18 months of age at the beginning of the experiment. The animals were kept in a feedlot from 18 to 22 months of age. They were fed twice a day with corn silage ad libitum, along with soybean meal, cracked corn, urea, limestone and mineral salt. PUR1 bulls had greater (p<0.05) final weight (496.0 kg) than PUCA bulls (449.2 kg). However, there was no difference (p>0.05) between PUR1 and PUR2 (472.0 kg), and between PUR2 and PUCA. Hot carcass weight was similar (p>0.05) among the different genetic groups. Hot carcass dressing percentage was similar (p>0.10) between PUR1 (50.4%) and PUCA (53.8%), and higher (p<0.10) than PUR2 (48.6%). Cushion thickness was greater (p<0.05) in PUCA bulls (27.12 cm). The other parameters were similar (p<0.05) among the three genetic groups. Total lipid and cholesterol contents were higher (p<0.01) in PUR2. Moisture, ash and crude protein contents were similar (p>0.05) among the three genetic groups. Saturated fatty acid (SFA) levels were higher (p<0.10) in PUR1 and PUR2 (51.58% and 50.41%, respectively). Polyunsaturated fatty acid levels were higher (p<0.05) in PUR1 and PUCA (6.50% and 8.29%, respectively). N-6, n-3 and PUFA/SFA ratios were higher (p<0.05) in PUCA. MUFA and n-6/n-3 ratios were similar (p>0.05) among the different genetic groups.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.417-422
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• 2021

In this study, poly isocyanurate foam (PIR), poly urethane foam (PUR), and phenol foam (PF) of organic insulation materials were selected, and investigated using a cone calorimeter, as per ISO 5660-1. Standard materials (PMMA) were used to standardize the fire hazard assessment, and the fire risk was classified and evaluated by Chung's equations-III and IV. The fire performance index-II value of Chung's equations-II was the highest value with PF of 14.77 s²/kW. And the PUR was 0.08 s²/kW, the lowest value of fire performance index-II value. The fire growth index-II value was the lowest value with PF of 0.01 kW/s². And the PUR was 1.14 kW/s², the highest value of fire growth index-II value. The fire performance index-III (FPI-III) of Chung's equations-III had the lowest value for PUR (0.11) and the highest for PF (20.23). The PUR showed the highest value of the fire growth index-III (FGI-III) as 14.25, while the PF exhibited 0.13 regarded as the safest materials. The fire risk index-IV (FRI-IV) value of Chung's equation-IV was in the following order: PUR (130.03) >> PIR (19.13) > PMMA (1.00) > PF (0.01). Therefore, it was concluded that the fire risk associated with PF is the lowest, whereas that associated with PUR is the highest.

• 프린팅코리아
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.94-95
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• 2014

현재 PUR 제책은 무선철 책자 생산 공정에서 없어서는 안될 중요한 기술로 진화하고 있다. 스위스 도심에 위치한 Sudostschweiz Presse und Print AG는 최근 판테라 기종에 뮬러마티니의 PUR 시스템을 추가 장착함으로써 기존의 핫멜트 방식과 함께 PUR 방식의 무선철 책자를 효율적으로 생산하고 있다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2002

An experiment was conducted to evaluate shattered industrial polyurethane (PUR) and cellular glass foam (CGF) as growth medium components. Pot chrysanthemum 'Pink Pixie Time 'was cuttured in media containing various volume ratios of PUR, CGF, peatmoss, coir, and perlite. Before plant culture, pH and EC of media were determined. Container capacity (%) was low in perlite and CGF-containing media, but it increased when incorporation ratio of peatmoss or coir was increased. pH was stable between 5.0 and 6.3, but was high in coir-contaning media as compared to other media tested. EC was very high in coir-containing media. Hight at 34 days after planting was the greatest in media containing CGF, and number. of leaves was similar among treatments. Growth in PUR-containinly media was poorer than that in the other media, with some leaf edge burning. Trends in growth measured at 97 days after planting was similar to that measured at 34 days after planting.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1449-1457
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• 2008

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the carcass characteristics, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the Longissimus muscle (LM) of three cattle genetic groups (Purunã, PUR, 11; 1/2 Purunã vs. 1/2 British, PUB, 6 and 1/2 Charolais vs. 1/2 Caracu, CHC, 10) finished in pasture systems. The field work took place at the Lapa Research Farm of the Agronomic Institute of Paraná, in the city of Lapa, south Brazil. The animals were fed during the winter with corn silage, cottonseed meal, cracked corn, urea, limestone and mineral salts as sources of protein, as well as an energy supplement, in pasture systems of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. The animal groups were slaughtered at 20 months of age, at 50122.6 kg live weight. CHC bulls had higher (p<0.05) final weight than PUR and PUB bulls. Hot carcass weight was similar (p>0.10) between PUR and PUB. Hot carcass dressing percentage was higher (p<0.05) for PUB bulls than for PUR and CHC bulls. On the other hand, hot carcass dressing percentage was similar (p>0.05) between PUR and CHC bulls. Fat thickness was similar (p>0.10) among all genetic groups. However, the Longissimus area of CHC bulls was greater (p<0.05) than in PUR and PUB genetic groups. The genetic groups did not affect (p>0.10) the marbling of Longissimus. There was no observed difference (p>0.10) in moisture, ash, crude protein and total cholesterol contents among the three genetic groups. On the other hand, the total lipid percentage was higher (p<0.05) for the PUB genetic group in comparison with PUR and CHC. CLA percentage was highest for PUR animals. However, total CLA amounts were not altered by the different genetic groups.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.433-439
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the effect of breed on the chemical composition of first (PUR1) and second (PUR2) generations of $Purun{\tilde{a}}$ young bulls, and to compare both generations with different genetic groups: CAN vs. ANG; CAR; and CHA vs. CAR. Thirty bulls were used. The animals from the PUR2 and CHA vs. CAR genetic groups featured higher (p<0.05) moisture percentage in comparison to the PUR1, CAR and CAN vs. ANG groups. The moisture percentage was similar (p>0.05) between PUR2 and CHA vs. CAR animals. The same was observed among the PUR1, CAR, CAN vs. ANG and CHA vs. CAR animals. There was no difference (p>0.05) among genetic groups for ash, total lipids and total cholesterol. The PUR1, CAR and CAN vs. ANG specimens had higher (p<0.05) crude protein percentages as compared to PUR2 and CAN vs. CAR animals. The fatty acid profile was different (p<0.05) among genetic groups. However, the percentages of SFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-6, n-3, PUFA:SFA, and n-6:n-3 were similar (p>0.05) among genetic groups.