• 한국시뮬레이션학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국시뮬레이션학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2003

Stream servers are for supplying multimedia stream data to users through the internet such as movies and musics without discontinuation. A typical stream server is designed roughly by considering the characteristics of stream services and by employing processors, memory, PCI bus, Ethernet, TOE and disks. This study focuses on deciding the priority for using resources such as PCI bus, buffer memory and TOE buffer, which have limited capacities in a typical stream server. The simulation study shows that the top priority for using PCI bus for normal streaming services should be given to the operation that sends data from buffer memory to TOE buffer Giving priority for using PCI bus to other operation such as sending data from disks to memory results in deadlock Phenomenon.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
• /
• 제43권10호
• /
• pp.54-60
• /
• 2006

IEEE 1149.1 바운더리 스캔 칩들로 구성된 보드를 테스트하기 위한 패턴은 반드시 비트 스트림으로 구성되어야 한다. 그러나 이러한 비트 스트림을 생성하는 일은 IEEE 1149.1 표준에 대한 완벽한 지식이 필요하므로, 전문지식이 없는 SoC 설계자에게는 상당히 어려운 일이다. 본 논문에서는 Test Ready PCI 와 Test Ready USB로 정의한 PCI와 USB 장치를 통해 편리하게 테스트를 수행할 수 있게 도와주는 테스트 인터페이스 컨트롤러를 제안한다. 이 제어기는 TI사와 Lucent사에서 명령어 단위의 수준에서 테스트 비트 스트림을 생성하기위해 개발한 테스트 버스 컨트롤러를 기반으로 하여 테스트 전문 지식이 없는 설계자도 쉽게 테스트 패턴을 생성하여 테스트를 수행할 수 있는 장점이 있다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제67권3호
• /
• pp.255-265
• /
• 2018

The prestress force effect on the fundamental frequency and deflection shape of Prestressed Concrete I (PCI) beams was studied in this paper. Currently, due to the conflicts among existing theories, the analytical solution for properly considering the structural behavior of these prestressed members is not clear. A series of experiments were conducted on a large-scale PCI beam of high strength concrete with an eccentric straight unbonded tendon. Specifically, the simply supported PCI beam was subjected to free vibration and three-point bending tests with different prestress forces. Subsequently, the experimental data were compared with analytical results based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. It was proved that the fundamental frequency of PCI beams is unaffected by the increasing applied prestress force, if the variation of the initial elastic modulus of concrete with time is considered. Vice versa, the relationship between the deflection shape and prestress force is well described by the magnification factor formula of the compression-softening theory assuming the secant elastic modulus.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보처리학회 2016년도 춘계학술발표대회
• /
• pp.51-54
• /
• 2016

NTB는 transparent bridge와 공통적으로 독립적인 PCI bus(PCI 또는 PCI Express bus)에 대해서 데이터 전송 경로(path)를 제공한다는 점에서 기능적으로 유사하다. 그러나, NTB와 transparent bridge 간의 가장 큰 차이점은 NTB가 사용될 경우에 bridge의 하향부분(downstream side)에 위치한 장치들은 상향부분(upstream side)에서는 보이지 않는다는 점이다. 이는 bridge의 하향부분(downstream side)에 위치한 인텔리전트(intelligent)한 제어기(예를들면 CPU를 포함하는 컴퓨터)가 자신의 downstream side에 위치하는 서브시스템 내 각종 장치들을 독립적으로 관리할 수 있다는 점이다. NTB는 또한 첫 번째 호스트(primary host)의 PCI bus로 구성된 서브시스템(subsystem) 계층구조(hierarchy)에 두 번째 호스트(secondary host)를 연결하는 데 사용될 수 있다. 이는 두 시스템간 통신을 가능하도록 하는 반면, 두 시스템을 서로 격리시키는 효과도 발생한다. 즉, NTB는 일반적으로 도어벨(doorbell)을 통해서 bridge의 다른 편에 위치한 장치에 대해서 인터럽트를 보낼 수 있으며, 또한, scratchpad 레지스터를 보유하고 있어 bridge의 양측에서 데이터를 상호 공유함으로써 interprocessor communication 할 수 있다.

• 임상간호연구
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.35-45
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of exercise therapy on low back pain, self-urination disorder, bleeding, and hematoma in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) patients. Methods: A total of 64 PCI patients were recruited from C hospital located in C city, from June until August of 2010. The patients were divided into two groups as the exercise and control group. Thirty-two participants in the exercise group took bedrest for two hours after PCI, and then received excise therapy. The other 32 participants in the control group took the usual 8-hour bedrest with intermittent back care by the unit nurses. Results: In the relieving effect of low back pain, exercise group reported pain reduced faster than the control group. On the other hand, there were no significant differences between the two groups in alleviant of self-urination disorder, bleeding, and hematoma. Conclusion: Exercise therapy for reducing patients' low back pain showed to be an effective nursing intervention. Since there was no bleeding or hematoma after PCI in the exercise group, this study provided the ground suggesting that it might be possible to reduce the bedrest time after PCI without increased risk of bleeding or hematoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.252-258
• /
• 2001

목적 : 사람의 두경부종양 세포주를 대상으로 방사선 조사 후에 일어나는 아포토시스를 측정하여 전체 세포사에서의 중요성 및 방사선감수성과의 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 방사선치료가 주 치료방법인 두경부종양 세포주(PCI-1, PCI-13, SNU-1066)와 정상세포 중 섬유모세포 세포주(LM217), 혈액종양 세포주 중 백혈병 세포주(CCRF-CEM)를 대상으로 하였다. 방사선 조사는 동물실험용 Cs-137 방사선조사기를 사용하였다. 전체 세포사는 집락형성능측정을 이용하였고, 아포토시스의 측정은 annexin-V와 propidium iodide를 이용하는 염색법을 사용하였다. 결과 : 2 Gy 방사선 조사 시의 생존분획인 $SF_2$는 PCI-1, PCI-13, SNU-1066, CCRF-CEM, LM217 세포주에서 각각 0.741, 0.544, 0.313, 0.302, 0.100으로, LM217 세포주가 방사선감수성이 가장 높았고 PCI-1 세포주의 방사선감수성이 가장 낮았다. 두경부암 세포주인 PCI-1, PCI-13, SNU-1066에서는 모두 72시간이 경과한 후 아포토시스지수가 최대치에 도달하였으며, LM217과 CCRF-CEM에서는 24시간 후에 최대치에 도달하였다. 방사선량의 증가에 따라서 전체세포사는 현저하게 증가하였으나 아포토시스지수의 변화는 매우 작았다. 전체 세포사에 대한 아포토시스의 분획(아포토시스분획)은 2 Gy 조사 시 PCI-1, PCI-13, SNU-1066, CCRF-CEM, LM217에서 각각 $46\%,\;48\%,\;46\%,\;24\%,\;19\%$이었고, 6 Gy 조사 시 각각 $20\%,\;33\%,\;35\%,\;17\%,\;20\%$이었다. 아포토시스의 정도와 6 Gy 조사 시의 방사선 감수성과는 일정한 관계를 보이지 않았으나, 2 Gy조사 시 방사선에 감수성이 비교적 높은 세포주가 아포토시스분획이 작았다. 결론 : 본 연구에서 사용한 두경부암세포주에서 방사선 조사 후 아포토시스가 관찰되었으며, 발생 양상이 시간적으로 정상 섬유모세포 및 백혈병세포주와 다른 것을 확인하였다. 또한 아포토시스보다는 다른 종류의 세포사인 증식사가 더 중요하게 작용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 아포토시스분획과 2 Gy 조사 시 방사선감수성 사이에 관련 가능성이 제시되었다.

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.213-219
• /
• 2016

Objective: Although guideline recommends beta blockers (BBs) as first line antianginal agent and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) as alternatives after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the prescription patterns in real practice are not in accordance with the guideline. We aimed to investigate the prescribing patterns of primary antianginal drug and relating factors in patients who underwent PCI. Methods: Patients who have undergone PCI without myocardial infarction (MI) from November 2012 to June 2014 and followed up at least one year in a tertiary teaching hospital were included. Prescribing patterns of primary antianginal drug before, at the time of, and one year after PCI were described. Factors affecting drug selection, and their relationship with incidence of clinical outcomes defined as MI and repeated PCI, unscheduled admission or visit related with heart problem were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 506 patients were included and as primary antianginal drugs, BB, CCB, and both were prescribed in 32.2%, 24.5%, and 17.8% of patients, respectively. Also, neither BB nor CCB was prescribed at the time of PCI in 25.5% of patients. Compared with BB, CCBs were more likely prescribed in patients who had hypertension (Odds Ratio, OR 2.18, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.16-4.07), use of same class before PCI (OR 7.18, 3.37-15.2) and concomitant angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use (OR, 1.92, 95% CI 1.10-3.33). Incidence of clinical outcomes were not significantly greater in patients who prescribed CCB compared with BB at the time of PCI (aOR 1.32, CI 0.65-2.68). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that half of the patients who underwent PCI were prescribed BB. CCB were favored in patients with hypertension, use of same class before PCI, and concomitant ARB use. Significant difference in clinical outcome was not observed between BB and CCB selection as primary antianginal drug.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 2005

본 논문에서는 차세대 통신 플랫폼을 위한 PCI 익스프레스의 전송계층과 데이터 연결계층의 모든 기능을 지원하는 PCI 익스프레스 컨트롤러를 설계하였다. 설계된 컨트롤러는 재전송 메커니즘을 효과적으로 지원하기 위해 제안된 송신버퍼 구조를 가지고 있다. 이 버퍼 구조는 전송 버퍼와 재전송 버퍼를 한 개의 버퍼로 통합하여 재전송 버퍼의 공간을 유동적으로 할당할 수 있는 방법이다. 또한 설계된 컨트롤러의 송신단 전송계층은 제안된 버퍼 구조를 효과적으로 지원하도록 설계되어 졌다. 흐름제어를 지원하기 위해 PCI 익스프레스의 모든 수신 디바이스는 각 명령어를 위한 3개의 수신 버퍼를 가지고 있어야 하며, 각 수신 버퍼의 빈 공간을 주기적으로 상대 디바이스에 알려주어야 한다. 설계된 컨트롤러에서는 단지 하나의 수신 버퍼를 이용하여 흐름제어를 보다 쉽게 지원하기 위한 방법을 제안하였다. 또한 설계된 컨트롤러는 제안된 테스트 벤치를 통해 검증되었고 동작함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.247-254
• /
• 2017

Background: Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) was developed to combine the advantages of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, it is still controversial whether it is more optimal to perform CABG or PCI first. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of these 2 approaches. Methods: Eighty patients who underwent HCR from May 2010 to December 2015 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. The CABG-first group comprised 12 patients and the PCI-first group comprised 68 patients. Outcomes of interest included in-hospital perioperative factors, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), and the incidence of repeated revascularization, especially for the target vessel lesion. Results: No significant difference was found in the amount of postoperative bleeding (p=0.239). The incidence of MACCEs was similar between the CABG-first and PCI-first groups (1 of 12 [8.3%] vs. 5 of 68 [7.4%], p>0.999). Repeated revascularization was performed on 3 patients (25%) in the CABG-first and 9 patients (13.2%) in the PCI-first group (p=0.376). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in postoperative and medium-term outcomes between the CABG-first and PCI-first groups. Based on these results, it can be inferred that it is safe to opt for either CABG or PCI as the primary procedure in 2-stage HCR.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2016

Background: A previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may affect the outcomes of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The objective of this study was to compare the early in-hospital postoperative outcomes between patients who underwent CABG with or without previous PCI. Methods: The present study included 160 patients who underwent isolated elective on-pump CABG at the department of cardiothoracic surgery, Minia University Hospital from January 2010 to December 2014. Patients who previously underwent PCI (n=38) were compared to patients who did not (n=122). Preoperative, operative, and early in-hospital postoperative data were analyzed. The end points of the study were in-hospital mortality and postoperative major adverse events. Results: Non-significant differences were found between the study groups regarding preoperative demographic data, risk factors, left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association class, EuroSCORE, the presence of left main disease, reoperation for bleeding, postoperative acute myocardial infarction, a neurological deficit, need for renal dialysis, hospital stay, and in-hospital mortality. The average time from PCI to CABG was $13.9{\pm}5.4$ years. The previous PCI group exhibited a significantly larger proportion of patients who experienced in-hospital major adverse events (15.8% vs. 2.5%, p=0.002). On multivariate analysis, only previous PCI was found to be a significant predictor of major adverse events (odds ratio, 0.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.03 to 0.71; p=0.01). Conclusion: Previous PCI was found to have a significant effect on the incidence of early major adverse events after CABG. Further large-scale and long-term studies are recommended.