• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.253-253
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• 2007

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2007년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.254-254
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• 2007

• 건축역사연구
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.87-105
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• 1998

Surveying the literature of architecture since the nineteenth century, one can identify two dominant but problematic attitudes, among several, that pursue the task of defining what modern architecture is and should be. The first is the search for meaning and the second is the pursuit of form. This study, following Michel Foucault, asserts that the dual formation of meaning and form is a historical product of modernity and belies architecture's uncritical dependence on language since the nineteenth century. This study is a critique and historical analysis of this pernicious reliance, and constitutes a first step towards thinking of alternative relations between 'words and architecture' in the modern world. In reconstructing this problematic, the paper has called on Foucault's seminal The Order of Things. The study follows his construction of the Renaissance, the Classical and the Modern episteme, and in brief fashion, reconstructs the relation between language and architecture in each episteme. In analysing the Modern, the study focuses on Hegel's Lectures on Aesthetics. Hegel placed architecture in a genre hierarchy within which architecture, because of its material basis, was fundamentally limited in its ability to express the Spirit. For Hegel it was, among the arts, poetic language, and beyond art, the language of philosophy, through which the Absolute Spirit could be atttained. Much of post-nineteenth century architecture has remained within the shadow of Hegel, where architecture's materiality is perceived to be a burden, and in order to secure its relevance in modern society, architecture was deemed to pursue the role of language. As the most recent and sophisticated example of architecture's pursuit of form, the paper analyses the work of Peter Eisenman. Though Eisenman's theoretical writings are replete with post-Hegelian rhetoric, his architecture remains dependent upon the model of language, albeit a structuralist one. The paper concludes that ultimately, the pursuit of meaning and form is unable to face the crucial issue of value in modernity. While the former decides to easily what it is, the latter evades the issue itself. The second installment of this ongoing study will pursue a third possibility alluded to by Foucault, where language remains silent, pointing only to its 'ponderous' material existence.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 1994

Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) strain A에 감염된 수수 (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) 품종 HOK와 strain B에 감염된 Pioneer 8680의 엽세포를 미세구조적으로 비교연구한 결과 종단면과 횡단면으로 초박절편된 표본에서 다양한 원통형 봉입체의 형성이 관찰되었다. MDMV strain A와 B는 세포질 내에 존재하는 특별한 봉입체의 유무에 따라 뚜렷이 구별되었다. MDMV-B에 감염된 Pioneer 8680 수수 엽세포는 pinwheels, bundles, scrolls, 그리고 laminated aggregates 형태의 원통형 봉입체가 관찰된 반면, MDMV-A에 감염된 HOK 수수 엽세포에서는 laminated aggregates가 결여되어 있다. 특히 laminated aggregates의 유무와 관련하여 MDMV 두 strain간에 원통형 봉입체의 미세구조적 차이점은 potyvirus군을 아군으로 분류하는 형태학적 지표가 되어왔다. laminated aggregates가 존재하면 아군 III으로, 존재하지 않을 경우 아군 I로 분류될 수 있다. 이런 원통형 봉입체의 이형화는 바이러스 특이적 유도체로서, 아마도 감염의 발전에 따른 형태 발생을 발현하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2022

본 연구는 간호대학생들의 암에 대한 지식, 건강 신념, 그리고 건강증진행위의 관계를 알아보기 위한 연구이다. 연구대상자는 195명이며, 자료수집은 2020년 8월 5일부터 8월 29일까지 설문조사하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 간호대학생의 암 예방 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위하여 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 모델I은 회귀모형의 적합도는 유의하였으며(F=2.543, p=.012), 학년(𝛽=.079, p=.011)이 암 예방 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 모델II의 회귀모형 적합도(F=14.924, p<.005)이며, 연령(𝛽=.079, p=.011), 건강신념(𝛽=.078, p=.001)이 암 예방 건강증진에 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 이 연구결과를 통해 간호대학생들에게 암 예방 관련 융합프로그램을 개발하고 평가하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.85-101
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of group music therapy using the traditional drum on the; social adjustment, self-image, and emotional adjustment, of children with hearing impairment. I participated in this group music therapy using the traditional drum with 7 children with hearing impairment for 3 days a week for 6 weeks(including holidays), and each session was 50 minutes long. The evaluation form of this study is a social-emotional development measurement sheet of Meadow-Kendall, which the children's teacher distributed to the children both pre- and post-examination. With these results, the researcher carried out Window SPSS 19 Version and searched for the experiment's effect of measurement cause (I am not sure what this means.) through paired t-test to identify the experiment's effects (social adjustment, self-image, emotional adjustment) as a result of group music therapy using the traditional drum for children with hearing impairment. This study arrived at the following conclusions. First, after I participated in the group music therapy using the traditional drum, the result of the comparisons of the pre-to-post average for social adjustment showed the statistical significance level of the 0.01 standard. Therefore, it was found that the group music therapy using the traditional drum had a positive effect on the social adjustment of children with hearing Impairment. Second, after I participated in the group music therapy using the traditional drum, the result of the comparisons of the pre-to-post average for self-image development showed the statistical significance level of the 0.01 standard. Therefore, the group music therapy using the traditional drum had a positive effect on the self-image of children with hearing impairment. Third, after I participated in the group music therapy using the traditional drum, the result of the comparisons of the pre-to-post average for emotional adjustment showed the statistical significance level of the 0.01 standard. Therefore, the group music therapy using the traditional drum had a positive effect on the emotional adjustment of children with hearing impairment.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2009

목적: 파킨슨병은 비교적 흔한 운동장애질환으로 흑질(substantia nigra)의 도파민성 신경세포와 해당되는 기저핵의 도파민 함유 신경말단의 퇴행성 변화에 의하여 선조체에서의 도파민 운반체 농도도 감소하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 I-123 IPT SPECT에서 선조체의 도파민 특이결합과 후두염 뇌피질의 비특이 결합비를 이용하여 초기 및 진행된 파킨슨병 환자군과 본태성 진전 등의 다른 운동장애 질환군, 정상 대조군에서 도파민 운반체 영상을 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 정상 대조군 50명과 초기 파킨슨병 환자군 20명, 진행된 파킨슨병 환자군 30명, 본태성 진전환자군 20명을 대상으로 I-123 IPT를 정맥 주사후 20분과 2시간 후에 SPECT 영상을 획득하고 재구성하였다. 후두염에 배후방사능 관심영역을 그리고 선조체의 I-123 IPT의 특이/비특이 결합비를 구하여 각 군간의 차이를 정량적 및 정성적으로 비교하여 보았다. 결과: 선조체의 I-123 IPT의 특이/비특이 결합비는 진행된 파킨슨병 환자군과 정상 대조군에서는 평균값의 차이가 유의하였다. 그러나 초기 파킨슨병 환자군과 본태성 진전 환자군 사이에는 특이/비특이 결합비가 중첩됨이 관찰되었다. 정상 대조군과 본태성 진전환자군에서는 2시간 영상이 20분 영상에 비하여 특이/비특이 결합비도 높게 나타났고 표준 편차도 적었다. 진행된 파킨슨병 환자에서는 20분 영상과 2 시간 영상의 특이/비특이 결합비는 차이가 없었고 그 값도 낮았다. 편측 파킨슨병 환자에서 I-123 IPT의 특이/비특이 결합비는 증상이 나타난 반대측 선조체뿐만 아니라 같은쪽 선조체에서도 감소되어 있었다. 초기 파킨슨 환자20명 중 편측 증상을 보인 7명의 환자에서 I-123 IPT SPECT상의 좌우측 선조체간의 특이/비특이 결합비 간의 차이를 이용한 편측화 결과는 임상 증상의 편측화와 일치하였다. 결론: I-123 IPT SPECT는 진행된 파킨슨병의 진단과 치료에 따른 임상경과 진행의 객관적인 지표로서의 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 생각되며 임상 증상이 발현되기 전단계의 초기 파킨슨병의 진단이나 파킨슨병과 유사한 운동증상을 보일 수 있는 다른 운동질환군과의 감별진단에 있어서는 각 군간의 중첩되는 비율이 있으므로 적용에 신중을 기해야 하겠다.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.109-152
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• 2001

Throughout this paper, I adjusted the study of 'Qian Yi'(錢乙)'s Medical Thought, and the following is the summary. 1. 'Qian Yi' wrote 'Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue'("小兒藥證直訣", edited by 誾季忠), and there were 'Shang Han Lun Zhi Wei'("傷寒論指微"), 'Ying Ru Lun', however those are loss of the record. 2. Qian Yi's 'Zhi Jue'("直訣") was influenced by 'Lu Xin Jing', yet if we compare the quality of 'Sheng Li, Byeng Li, Bang Jae'(生理, 病理, 方劑), 'Lu Xin Jing' cannot be the foundation of 'Zhi Jue'. He took over 'Nei Jing, Shang Han Lun, Jin Gui Yao Lue, Shen Long Ben Cao Jing, Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang'("內經", "傷寒論", "金?要略", "神膿本草經", "太平聖惠方") and put them together to the direct clinical experiences of pediatrics. 3. There is no reference regarding the difficulties of pediatric diagnosis and diseases in 'Huang Di Nei Jing'("黃帝內經") Before 'Bei Song'(北宋), regardless of the lack of data related to pediatric diseases, 'Qian Yi' established the pediatric system in 'Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue' for the first time. 4. In his diagnosis of the pediatric diseases, he 'Si Zhen He Can'(四診合參), also considered in the eye exam seriously. In addition, he closely combined 'Wu Zang Bian Zheng'(五臟辨證), and diagnosis the pediatric diseases. 5. 'Wu Zang Bian Zheng', what Qian established method was based on 'Zheng Ti Guan'(整體觀) in 'Huang Di Nei Jing'. It was based on clinical experiences and established the perspectives of 'Tian Ren Xiang Ying'(天人相應). First of all, he pinpointed 'Zhu Zheng'(主證) clearly. Secondly, he pinpointed the relationships to symptoms and then, he distinguished a generic character of 'Xu, Shi, Han, Re'(虛, 實, 寒, 熱). Finally, he made an induction from genealogical pediatric physiology. 6. 'Qian Yi' took a serious view of 'Ban Zhen'(斑疹), the inadequate field in those days. At that time, he criticized on the habituation of the misuse of medication. He treated separately which 'Ji Jing'(急驚) as 'Liang Xie'(凉瀉) and 'Man Jing'(慢驚) as 'Wen Bu'(溫補). He proposed 'Cong Gan Zhu Feng, Xin Zhu Jing'(從肝主風, 心主驚) theory and formulated 'Jing Feng'(驚風) theory as well. 7. As an opponent of a tendency to misusage of medicine, 'Qian Yi' made out a prescription with pliant medicine. He emphasized on the treatment to 'Gong Bu Shang Zheng, Bu Bu Zhi Xie, Xiao Bu Jian Shi'(攻不傷正, 補不滯邪, 消補兼施) because he had so lucid demonstration to 'Xu Shi Han Re'(虛實寒熱) of the five viscera in the field of 'Bang Yak'(方藥). 8. There were no pediatrics schools at that time, however, the pediatrics was being made up gradually by 'Jin Yuan Si Da Jia'(金元四大家) who was influenced by 'Qian Yi'. He raised an objection to medical treatment using pliant medicine. 'Qian Yi' applied 'Qu Xia'(驅下) treatment using 'Han Liang'(寒凉) medicine. 'Han Liang Pai'(寒凉派) is greatly influenced by Qian. 'Chen Wen Zhong'(陳文中) had a great impact on 'Han Liang Pai' who used a 'Zao Shu Wen Bu'(燥熟溫補) medicine for treatment. Since 'Song Jin'(宋金), he had a tremendous influence on pediatrics treating patients in both 'Han Wen'(寒溫) ways. 9. 'Qian Yi' had an influence on his medical thoughts on future generations, especially to 'Wan Quan'(萬全) of 'Ming Dai', 'Wu Tang'(吳塘) of 'Qing Dai'(淸代) and 'Yun Shu Jie'(?樹珏) of 'Min Guo'(民國). 'Wan Quan' is an advocate of 'You Yu, Bu Zu Zhi Shuo'(有餘, 不足之說)of 'Xiao Er Wu Zang'(小兒五臟) that he revealed Qian's 'Wu Zang Bian Zheng'(五臟辨證). 'Wu Tang' disclosed Qian's 'Xiao Er Ti Zhi Shuo'(小兒體質說) and 'Xiao Er Ke'(小兒科)'s 'Yong Yao Lun'(用藥論), therefore, he uncovered pediatric physiological characteristics through the advocate of Qian's 'Zang Fu Rou Ruo, Ji Gu Nen Qie, Yi Xu Yi Shi, Yi Han Yi Re' (臟腑柔弱, 肌骨嫩怯, 易虛易實, 易寒易熱). 'Yun Shu Jie' developed intrinsic relationships among time, symptom and 'Tian Ren Xiang Ying Guan'(天人相應觀), What 'Qian Yi' stated about them. And also, he developed Qian's 'Di Huang Wan'(地黃丸), 'Xie Qing Wan'(瀉靑丸), 'Yi Huang San'(益黃散) clinical usages as well. 10. Regarding Qian's 'Wu Zang Xu Shi'(五臟虛實), it has an influence on 'Zhang Yuan Su'(張元素)'s 'Zang Fu Bing Ji Bian Zheng'(臟腑病機辨證). 'Di Huang Wan', 'Xie Qing Wan', 'Xie Xin Tang'(瀉心湯), 'Yi Huang San', 'Xie Huang San'(瀉黃散) are the standard prescription of 'Wu Zang Bu Xie'(五臟補瀉). It is under the influence of Qian's treatment. Besides, 'Qian Yi' took a serious view of 'Xiao Er'(小兒)'s 'Pi Wei'(脾胃). 'Qian Yi' had an impact on 'Li Dong Yuan'(李東垣) one of the member of 'Bu Tu Pai'(補土派). 'Di Huang Wan', which placed great importance on 'Bu Yi Shen Yin'(補益腎陰), had a great impact on 'Da Bu Yin Wan'(大補陰丸) and 'Jin Yuan Si Da Jia' as well. 11. In a theory of Qian's 'Wu Zang Bian Zheng', though it had been stated clearly in 'Wu Zang Bian Zheng', but he neglected in 'Liu Fu Bian Zheng'(六腑辨證). In prescription field, The problem with the medicine is that it is either toxic or mineral, therefore, we are not able to use those medicine in a clinical testing at the present time.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1651-1658
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• 2008

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of either 100 mg/kg chito-oligosaccharide (COS) or chlortetracycline (CTC) with corn-soybean-fish meal on immunity in broiler chickens. A total of 147 one-day old male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 3 treatments with 7 replicate pens per treatment and 7 birds per pen. The experimental diets consisted of a control diet based on corn, soybean and fish meal without COS and any antibiotic supplement and similar diets supplemented with either CTC (80 mg/kg from d 1 to 21 and 50 mg/kg from d 22 to 42) or COS (100 mg/kg from d 1 to 42). During the entire experimental period, all birds had ad libitum access to diets and water. The main immune organ indices, T-lymphocyte proliferation, serum cytokine concentrations, serum NO level and serum iNOS activity were measured on d 21 and d 42. On d 21, broilers fed 100 mg/kg COS had improved (p<0.01) indices of spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius compared with the control and CTC birds. Birds receiving 100 mg/kg COS had higher (p<0.05) serum concentrations of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, IgM, NO and iNOS than birds on the control treatment. Serum $Ca^{2+}$ level of birds fed 100 mg/kg COS tended to be higher (p = 0.049) than in birds fed CTC. On d 42, the birds fed 100 mg/kg COS had higher (p<0.05) concentrations of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IgM in serum than birds in both the CTC and control treatments. Birds fed 100 mg/kg COS had a higher concentration of IFN-$\gamma$ than the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of COS appeared to improve the immunity of broilers by promoting the weight of the main immune organs, increasing IgM secretion, stimulating microphages to release $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and IFN-$\gamma$, and activating iNOS to induce NO.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2011

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with cutaneous hyper-reactivity to environmental triggers. In order to develop effective therapeutic herbal extracts for atopic dermatitis, cytotoxicity, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities were investigated for various herbal extracts. Among candidate extracts, we selected Aloe vera L. (AV), Viola mandshurica W. Becker (VM), Punica granatum L. (PG), Dendrobium nobile L. (DN) and mixture of the above extracts (MX) for further investigations. All of them did not show cytotoxic activities to macrophage RAW264.7 cells below the concentration of 100 ppm. All showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects, although to various extents. In antioxidant effects, AV showed the highest effect, followed by PG and VM, while DN did the lowest. In evaluation for anti-inflammatory activities in macrophage RAW264.7 cells, AV and DN inhibited almost completely the LPS-induced production of nitric oxide, while AV, DN and VM showed strong inhibitory activities on the LPS-induced production of TNF-${\alpha}$. In anti-allergy effect in mast cell HMC-1, DN showed the highest effect, followed by AV and PG, while VM did the lowest. In the topical allergy reaction induced by compound 48/80 in Sprague-Dawley rat, DN exhibited significant anti-allergic effect, while PG, VM and AV did slight effect. These results suggest that AV, VM, PG and DN have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities, and thus have the potential to reduce and alleviate the symptoms of atopic dermatitis.