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Screening for Cytotoxicity of Crude Extracts from Fruit on Leukaemia Cells in Citrus and Related Genera

  • Soo
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.213-220
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    • 1997
  • The present study has been undertaken to characterize availability of citrus as a medicinal plant with antineoplastic property. The crude extracts from 40 species of fruits with 12 species of the local Citrus in Cheju island were evaluated on their potential activities against mouse P388 lymphocytic leukaemia in vitro. The percent cytotoxicity varied from 25.40 to 97.94% at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. Among 40 spp., 8 species showed high toxicity more than 90% against P388 cells and Cheongkyool(C. nippokoreana) exhibited the most cytotoxicity as 97.94%($IC_{50}=20.2{\mu}g/mL$). Nine varieties of C. junos were showed insiginicant cytotoxicity. In trifoliate orange, immature fruit was stronger than mature and peel extract showed higher cytotoxicity($IC_{50}=18{\mu}g/mL$) than the other tissues. Hexane fraction from methanol(MeOH) extract of trifoliate orange showed highly significant inhibition of cell growth($IC_{50}=3.9{\mu}g/mL$). In addition, its cytotoxicity increased remarkably from 3.95 to $0.40{\mu}g/mL$ as exposure time legthened. Cytotoxic activities of crude extracts were decreased considerably during a six months storage period. It was apparent that there is considerable variation in cytotoxicity, depending upon species, maturity and storage time of extracts. There was no meaningful cytotoxic difference between archicitrus and metacitrus in the genus Citrus.

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Biodegradation of Diesel with Pseudomonas sp, KDi19 in Liquid Medium (Pseudomonas sp. KDi19를 이용한 액체배지내에서 경유의 생물학적 분해)

  • Yun, Min-Woo;Jeong, Jeong-Hwa;Chang, Soon-Woong;Kong, Sung-Ho;Lee, Jong-Yeol;Kang, Dong-Hyo;Lee, Sang-Seob
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.27 no.12
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    • pp.1285-1291
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    • 2005
  • In this study, we isolated bacteria from petroleum contaminated soil which were near to underground storage tanks(UST). Through the screen test, we selected high efficiency bacterium, KDi19, for biodegradation of diesel. KDi19 was identified as Pseudomonas sp. by 16S rDNA, fatty acid, and morphological physiological characteristics. KDi19 degraded 956.3 mg/L(95.6%) of 1,000 mg/L diesel for 48 hours(incubation condition : temperature; $30^{\circ}C$, cell concentration; 1.0 g/L, pH 7). At low temperature, $20^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, KDi19 respectively removed 63.9%, 18.5% and 17.0% of 1,000 mg/L diesel for 48 hours(cell concentration 1.0 g/L, pH 7). At low concentration of diesel, 50 mg/L and 100 mg/L, KDi19 degraded 97.9% and 96.2% of diesel for 24 hours(temperature; $30^{\circ}C$, cell concentration: 1.0 g/L, pH 7), respectively.

Effect of Suboptimal Temperature Incubation on the Resistance of Lactobacillus acidophilus CT 01 to Storage and Drying (저온배양에 따른 Lactobacillus acidophilus CT 01의 저장 및 건조에 대한 저항성)

  • Yu Keun-Hyung;Kwon Il-Kyoung;Kim Gur-Yoo
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.92-97
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    • 2005
  • This study was carried out to determine the storage, cryotolerance, heat and drying resistance, when Lactobacillus acidophilus CT 01 isolated from preweaned piglet feces growing at suboptimal temperature. L. acidophilus CT 01 suboptimal temperature incubated for 48 hours had the slowest growth rate at 22℃ but the highest viable cell number after 36 hours at 22℃, with 1.3×10/sup 9/ CFU/mL. In case of 4 and 20℃ storage, the suboptimal temperature incubated groups had a viability higher than the control (p<0.01). The cryotolerance of suboptimal temperature incubated L. acidophilus CT 01 was a higher than the control (p<0.01). When L. acidophilus CT 01 was heat treated at 60℃ for 15 minutes and 30 minutes, the suboptimal temperature incubated L. acidophilus CT 01 at 22℃ had a viability higher more than the control (p<0.01). L. acidophilus CT 01 incubated suboptimal temperature was inoculated by 30% to the carrier, and dried at 50℃ for 12 hours had the highest viability in the suboptimal temperature incubated L. acidophilus CT 01 at 28℃.

Oxidative Transformation of Tetracycline in Aqueous Solution by Birnessite (망간산화물(birnessite)에 의한 수용액 중 Tetracycline의 산화-변환반응에 대한 연구)

  • Eom, Won-Suk;Kim, So-Hui;Shin, Hyun-Sang
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.73-80
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    • 2015
  • An investigation on the removals of tetracycline (TTC), which is a family of antibiotics widely founded in the environment, from the aqueous solution by birnessite(${\delta}-MnO_2$)-mediated oxidative transformation was described. This study also examined the potential effect of the naturally occurring substances, humic acid (HA) on the oxidative transformation. The experiment was carried out in various conditions (reaction time, Mn oxide loadings, pH) and in the presence of HA as a batch test. The removals of TTC followed pseudo-first order reactions, and rate constants (k, $hr^{-1}$) for the removals of TTC were constantly increased with decreasing pH from 0.98 (pH 9) to 2.97 (pH 3). The rate constants also increased about 1.3 times when the birnessite loading increased from 1 to 2 g/L. Presence of HA (5 mg-C/L, at $pH{\geq}6$) caused some enhancement in the removals of TTC as compared to the control, and also showed the removal efficiencies of TTC in the birnessite mediated systems (TTC=0.25 mM, ${\delta}-MnO_2=2.0g/L$, pH 6) increased with increasing HA concentrations (1~10 mg-C/L). The results obtained from the oxidative transformation of TTC and the effect of HA were discussed in terms of reaction characteristics and mechanism.

Research of the Toxic Estimation and Treatment Method of Wastewater Including Nickel (니켈 함유폐수의 독성평가 및 처리방안에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Man-Soo;Hwang, Hwan-Min;Park, Jong-Woon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.31 no.11
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    • pp.983-988
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    • 2009
  • This study was performed to evaluate the toxicity and seek the control method of the wastewater in which nickel (Ni) was included into an industrial wastewater treatment plant. Nickel concentration of the wastewater, of which samples were taken every hour during 24hours, were various from 0.33 to 116.0 mg/L, with 24.0 mg/L of the average concentration. IC50 values against nitrosomonas and nitorbactor, a toxic level against bacteria which could inhibit 50% of nitrification bacteria in the wastewater, are 5.5 and 4.9 mg/L respectively. Nickel in this industrial wastewater can inhibit the 50% of nitrification bacteria even after diluting this wastewater 5 times. Also, this research, which reduced the nickel concentraion, forming nickel hydroxide compounds by increasing pH of the wastewater, shows that nickel concentraion can be obtained under 1.7 mg/L at pH 11 and 0.6 mg/L at pH 12. Consequently, the result of this study is that the nitrification efficiencies can be obtained from 83.8 to 99.4% with 97.6% of the average in the biological treatment after removing nickel in the wastewater by increasing the pH above 11~12, which is forming the nickel hydroxide compounds.

Optimal Condition for Eicosapentaenoic Acid Production and Purification from Psychrophillic Marine Baterium Shewanella sp. L93 (호냉성 해양세균 Shewanella sp. L93로부터 Eicosapentaenoic Acid 생산 및 정제를 위한 최적화 조건)

  • Mo, Sang-Joon;Hong, Hye-Won;Bang, Ji-Heon;Cho, Ki-Woong
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.218-223
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    • 2011
  • To obtain eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-producing bacteria, some 600 strains of bacteria were isolated from Antarctic sediment and marine organisms during the summer expedition of 1999-2000 and 7 EPA-producing bacteria were obtained through screening with TLC and GC. A strain designated as L93 showed the highest EPA production, which was gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. L93 strain was identified as Shewanella sp., from the sequence analysis of 16S rDNA. Optimal conditions temperature and pH for the growth and EPA production were about $4^{\circ}C$ and pH 7. In addition, its production was optimized by 50%(w/v) sea salt. We establish the optimal production system to produce about 320 mg per liter by using this optimal EPA production conditions. EPA-methyl ester was purified from cultured L93 strain to a purity of higher than 97% and typical purification yield is greater than 72% of the input amount via urea complexation and HPLC.

Effect of Supplement nutrition on the Mycelial Growth of Lentinus edodes

  • Yang, Jae-Kyung;Kim, Tae-Hong;Lim, Bu-Kug
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.60-66
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    • 2003
  • Mycelial growth of L. edodes by supplement nutrition of softwood was studied on a sawdust medium. The sawdust used was from the following softwood species : Larix leptolepis, Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis. The added nutritions consisted of carbon nutritions(sucrose, active carbon, xylose, glucose, paper pellet), nitrogen nutritions(potassium nitrate, ammonium chloride, asparagine, glutamic acid) and vegetable oil(rice bran oil). The sawdust medium was a mixture of 76% sawdust, 20% rice bran, 3% carbon nutrition, 0.4% nitrogen nutrition and 0.6% calcium carbonate. Following addition of carbon and nitrogen nutritions on the sawdust medium proved most suitable : L. leptolepis (glucose, glutamic acid), P. densiflora (active carbon, asparagine) and P. koraiensis (xylose, glutamic acid). The highest mycelial growth was obtained from sawdust medium of optimum condition with 97% of L. leptolepis, 110% of P. densiflora and 98% of P. koraiensis. This study has provided useful preliminary information for the cultivation of L. edodes.

Compressive Strength and Porosity Characteristics of Cement Mortar Mixed with Liquid and Powder Type Water repellent (액체 및 분체형 발수제를 혼입한 시멘트 모르타르의 압축강도 및 공극 특성)

  • Kim, Wan-Su;Jo, In-Sung;Lee, Han-Seung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2020.11a
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    • pp.96-97
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    • 2020
  • In this study, the compressive strength and porosity characteristics of cement mortar mixed with liquid and powder composite water repellent were evaluated. When the liquid water repellent was mixed, the compressive strength at 28 days of age was 42% compared to OPC, and the compressive strength was greatly reduced. However, the 28-day compressive strength of the powder water repellent mixture and P5L1, P6L1 liquid and powder composite water repellent was about 97% compared to OPC, and there was little decrease in compressive strength.

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Ethylene Production of Packaged Apples under Vibration Stress in Simulated Transportation Environment

  • Jung, Hyun-Mo;You, Young-Ok
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.97-101
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    • 2017
  • Fruits are subjected to a variety of vibration stress during the transportation from a production area to markets. Vibration inputs are transmitted from the transporting vehicle through the packaged fruit. And the steady state vibration input may cause serious internal damage of fruit. Product quality of fruits declines by various factors while they are stored right after harvesting and among the substance in charge of post ripening action, ethylene ($C_2H_4$) biosynthesis increases fruits' respiration process after harvesting and decreases storage expectancy. Ethylene production of apples rapidly increases while storage duration becomes longer. This tendency is much clearer for the apples with vibration stress at input acceleration level. When there was no vibration stress, change in ethylene production level of apples are not very large during storage. Ethylene production rates inside the gas collecting container increased significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) after 24 hours storage, particularly for apples with vibration stress ($0.7{\mu}l/kg{\cdot}hr$ (1st stack), $0.78{\mu}l/kg{\cdot}hr$ (2nd stack), $0.96{\mu}l/kg{\cdot}hr$ (3rd stack)); whereas less ethylene was produced in control apples ($0.18{\mu}l/kg{\cdot}hr$ during storage. Also ethylene production rates of apples according to the stack position were significantly different ($p{\leq}0.05$). The vibration stress clearly accelerated the degradation of apple quality during storage, resulting in increased ethylene production.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Vanadium(IV) with 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde-5-Nitro-pyridylhydrazone in the Presence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (Sodium dodecyl sulfate에서 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde-5-Nitro-pyridylhydrazone을 이용한 바나듐(IV)의 분광광도법 정량)

  • Park, Chan-Il;Jung, Young-Chul;Cha, Ki-Won
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.22-26
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    • 2000
  • 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde-5-Nitro-pyridylhydrazone (2HB-5NPH) was synthesized and its application in the spectrophotometric determination of vanadium ion(IV) was studied in the presence of surfactant. The optimum conditions of pH, solvent effect, concentration of ligand and surfactant were evaluated. The procedure was applied to determination of vanadium (IV) in mixture sample and real sample with satisfactory results (recovery ${\geq}$ 97% ; relative standard deviation ${\leq}$ 3.0% in the concentration range of $0{\sim}1.5{\mu}g/mL$ ; detection limit, $0.02{\mu}g/mL$ in solution).

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