• Title/Summary/Keyword: P Fertilizer

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Source-Sink Partitioning of Mineral Nutrients and Photo-assimilates in Tomato Plants Grown under Suboptimal Nutrition

  • Sung, Jwakyung;Lee, Suyeon;Lee, Yejin;Yun, Hongbae;Ha, Sangkeun;Ok, Yongsik
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.652-658
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    • 2013
  • A huge number of greenhouse soils in Korea have accumulated mineral elements which induce many nutritional and pathological problems. The present study was performed to the effects of the reduced fertilization on plant growth, and uptake and partitioning of minerals (N, P, K) and soluble carbohydrates using highly minerals-accumulated farmer's greenhouse soil. On the basis of the recommended application for tomato crop, the application rates of N, P and K were 110(50%)-5.2(5%)-41.5(35%)kg $ha^{-1}$, respectively, using Hoagland's nutrient solution. Tomato growth rates during the whole experiment were not significant between treatments, but it was found that a decrease in daily growth represented after 60 days of treatment (DAT). The reduced application led to a drastic decrease in the concentration of N, P and K in fruits, and, thus, this resulted in lower uptake after 40 DAT. The lower phloem export and utilization of soluble carbohydrates caused an accumulation of extra-carbohydrates in leaves, stems and fruits in the reduced application. The reduced fertilization induced the capture of N, P and K in leaves and of soluble carbohydrates in stems compared to the conventional application. In this study, we suggest that it is possible to delay the first fertigation time in minerals-accumulated soils without an adverse impact on crop growth, but it is necessary to regularly monitor mineral status in soil to ensure a balanced uptake, synthesis and partitioning of minerals and carbohydrates.

Effect of Food Waste Compost on Crop Productivity and Soil Chemical Properties under Rice and Pepper Cultivation

  • Lee, Chang Hoon;Ko, Byong-Gu;Kim, Myung-Sook;Park, Seong-Jin;Yun, Sun-Gang;Oh, Taek-Keun
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.49 no.6
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    • pp.682-688
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    • 2016
  • Food waste has recognized one of useful sources for potentially agricultural application to supply organic matter and nutrients in arable soil. However, there was little information on application of food waste compost related to the maturity and NaCl content in arable soil. This study evaluated the effect of food waste compost application on yield and fertility in soil under flooding and upland condition. The yields in rice and pepper cultivation decreased with increasing the rate of food waste compost application in soil (p<0.05). Maximum yields of rice ($49.0g\;plant^{-1}$) and pepper ($204g\;plant^{-1}$) were shown at 10 and $30Mg\;ha^{-1}$ of food waste compost application, respectively. The N, P, and K contents in grain and plant residues increased by the application of food waste compost, there was no difference on Na/K ratio in plant tissue among the treatments. Application of food waste compost resulted in the increase of pH, EC, TC, available P contents in soil after crop harvest, especially, which was shown the increase of the CEC and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) contents in irrespective of water condition. In conclusion, application of food waste compost in soil was effective on the supply of the organic matter and nutrient. However, it might need caution to apply food waste compost for sustainable productivity in arable soil because of potential Na accumulation.

Effects of Fertilizer Level in Nursery on Dry Stem Yield and Quality of Mat Rush (Juncus effusus L. var. decipiens Buchenan) (골풀 묘상 시비량이 건경 수량과 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Shin, Dong-Young;Jung, Dong-Soo;Hyun, Kyu-Hwan;Seo, Young-Nam;Lim, June-Taeg;Kwon, Byung-Sun
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.309-311
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    • 2007
  • This study was conducted to select the most suitable fertilizer level on nursery of mat rush for good quality and high yield. $N-P_{2}O_{5}-K_{2}O=60-30-60$ (kg/10a), fertilizer level on nursery of mat rush showed relatively superior values for all yield components and quality with 57g in fresh weight, 12g in dry weight, 23% in air drying ratio for per plant at the nursery and 125cm in stem length, 150 numbers in stem number, 4,082kg/10a in fresh stem yield, 345kg/10a in long stem yield, 996kg/10a in medium stem yield, 1,421kg/l0a in total stem yield, 34% in dry stem ratio and 30% in long stem ratio at the main paddy field. The results indicate that fertilizer level, $N-P_{2}O_{5}-K_{2}O=60-30-60kg/10a$ in nursery shows different adaptabilities to a particular fertilizer level and 60-30-60 (kg/10a) seems to be the most suitable fertilizer level of mat rush for good quality and high yield.

Changes in Rice Yield and Soil Properties under Continued Application of Chemical Fertilizer for 50 Years in Paddy Soil (화학비료 50년 연용에 따른 벼수량과 논토양 특성 변화)

  • Yeon, Byeong-Yeol;Kwak, Han-Kang;Song, Yo-Seong;Jun, Hee-Joong;Kim, Chong-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.40 no.6
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    • pp.482-487
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    • 2007
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of long-term continuous application of fertilizers for rice cultivation. Changes of physical and chemical properties of paddy soil and the rice yield by continuous application of NPK fertilizers, ammonium sulphate, and urea over fifty years, from 1954 to 2003, were investigated. The rice yield index of each treatment were 100 of NPK plots, 84 of ammonium sulphate plots, 81 of urea plots, and 62 of no fertilizer plots. The variance of yield was large according to the quality of irrigation water. Nutrient uptakes by rice plants in ammonium sulphate and urea plots were significantly smaller than those in NPK plots; 86 and 75% in T-N, 79 and 82% in $P_2O_5$, 64 and 58% in $K_2O$, and 94 and 90% in $SiO_2$, respectively. Bulk density of soil in NPK plots significantly decreased compared to those in no fertilizer, ammonium sulphate, and urea plots, whereas CEC in NPK plots increased compared to other plots. Soil pHs of all plots were higher than that before experiment which was 5.2; 6.0 in no fertilizer, 5.9 in urea and NPK, and 5.4 in ammonium sulphate plots. The available phosphate in soil increased by $2.5mg\;kg^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ when $70kg\;ha^{-1}$ of P fertilizer applied for rice cultivation, and decreased by $1.8mg\;kg^{-1}\;yr^{-1}$ when no P fertilizer applied.

Response of Organic Fertilizer Application Rates and Different Harvesting Periods on Forage Yield and Quality of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) (유기질비료의 시용과 수확시기가 Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)의 생산성과 사료가치에 미치는 영향)

  • Jo, Ik-Hwan;Byamungu, Mayange Tomple
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.615-626
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    • 2020
  • The objective of present experiment was to examine the impact of different organic nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rates and different harvesting periods on the forage yield and feed value of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.). This study was carried out from May to September 2019, the amount of 80 kg of kenaf seed/ha were applied with different rates of nitrogen fertilizer. The plants were sampled at 10 days intervals (100, 110, 120, and 130 days after seeding) from different harvesting dates. In the organic fertilizer treatments, the highest dry matter (DM) yield was observed in the application rate at 250 kg of N/ha. Crude protein (CP) content in leaves was similar between the organic fertilizer rates at 200 and 250 kg of N/ha and were higher compared with other fertilizer treatments. The highest CP content in the stem was 4.3% in the organic fertilizer application rates st 250 kg of N/ha. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in leaves showed no significant difference between the chemical fertilizer rates at 200 and 250 kg of N/ha, and the organic fertilizer rates at 150 and 250 kg of N/ha. In addition, DM yield of kenaf was highest in the harvest of 100 days after seeding, and tended to decreased significantly with increase of harvesting periods (p<0.05). As the growth progressed, the plant height and stem ratio increased but the leaves ratio decreased significantly (p<0.05) and the highest was found at 110 days after seeding. The highest CP, Acid detergent fiber (ADF), NDF and total digestible nutrient (TDN) contents in leaves were 13.9, 25.4, 40.5 and 71.1%, respectively that were affected by different harvesting periods. Also, the ADF and NDF in stem increased significantly with increase of kenaf maturity (p<0.05). In conclusion, the optimal organic fertilizer application rates and the proper harvesting periods for the forage yield and quality of kenaf were at 200 to 250 kg of N/ha, and 100 to 110 days after seeding, respectively.

Kinetics of Chemical Properties and Microbial Quantity in Soil Amended with Raw and Processed Pig Slurry

  • Suresh, A.;Choi, Hong L.;Zhukun, Zhukun
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.732-739
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    • 2009
  • Pig slurry is a good soil amendment not only because of its high organic matter content, but also because of its ability to provide various nutrients. The objective of this study was to estimate the influence of raw and processed pig slurry application on pot soil over chemical fertilizer and non-amended control soil. Change in the chemical parameters (pH, organic matter (OM), organic carbon (OC), macro and micronutrients) and microbial mass of the treated soils were monitored over 30 to 90 days. Pot soil was treated with the recommended dose of pig slurry and chemical fertilizer, and was sampled after 30, 60 and 90 days of incubation. The least significanct difference (p<0.05) was observed on Fe, Cu, Zn, available P and K between treatments. All treatments increased N, P and K content and microbial mass of soil over control soil. Interestingly, no significant effects were detected on OM, OC, total bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi mass in soil irrespective of treatments given. However fungal and bacterial counts, as well as available nutrients, were found to be higher in processed slurry (PS)-treated soil compared to other soils. In general a significant correlation existed between the fungal count and OM, OC, Zn, T Kjeldahl N (TKN), available P and K of soil. A strong negative correlation was observed between pH and Fe in soil. This study clearly demonstrated that the use of processed manure as a fertilizer could be a key for sustainable livestock agriculture.

Comparison of Livestock Manure Compost and Chemical Fertilizer Application in Distribution of P Fractions at Reclaimed Land Soils

  • Moon, Tae-Il;Yoon, Young-Man
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.327-334
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    • 2016
  • In order to compare phosphorus (P) behavior of livestock manure compost (LMC) and chemical fertilizer (CF) applied to the sea-reclaimed land soils, incubation experiments were conducted for five weeks. Four soils differing textural classes, sandy loam and clay loam, and electric conductivity (EC) value, high and low, were applied with CF and LMC. LMC was applied at the level of 0, 1, 2, and 3% on the soil weight basis and CF was applied at the same levels of P as LMC. The results showed that increase of P application rate of CF and LMC led to linearly increase available $P_2O_5$ and $0.01M\;CaCl_2$ extractable P contents regardless of soil texture and EC. However, 0.01M $CaCl_2$ extractable P from soil applied with CF was significantly higher than with LMC. Correlation analysis between $0.01M-CaCl_2$ extractable P and fractionated P by different extraction methods showed that $0.01M-CaCl_2$ extractable P positively correlated with KCl-P (soluble and exchangeable P) and HCl-P (Ca and Mg bound P). However, NaOH-P (Fe and Al bound P and organic P) and residual P was adverse. The amount of NaOH-P significantly influenced to the amount of 0.01M $CaCl_2$ extractable P of CF and LMC in the soils. The application of LMC at sandy loam soil could be carried out in the consideration of nutrient leaching and crop uptake.

The Study on the Effects of Various N.P.K. Fertilization Levels on Hop Yield (NPK의 시비수준이 호프수량에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • 임웅규
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.37-40
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    • 1976
  • The experiment designed to obtain information relative to the favourable levels to apply N.P.K fertilizer was conducted at the hop garden of College of Agriculture, S.N.U. in 1975. The varieties used were 1-year-old Cascade, Hallertau and Shinshuwase. The design of the experiment was a split plot design with 3 replications. Yields were recorded as fresh weight of harvested cones in gram per split plot. The results obtained from the experiment were as follows: 1. The results from analysis of the data for 3 varieties indicated that significant increase in yield were found due to the application of 46g N, 20g P2O5 and 60kg K2O per plant, although higher level thn the above caused a remarkable reduction of yield. 2. The individual fresh weight of harvested cones was significantly increased with application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash, regardless of fertilizer levels. 3. Analysis of variance for yields showed that there were no significant interaction between fertilizer level and variety, i.e., all varieties used might require the same fertilizer level.

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Comparison of Liquefying Efficiency of Mixed Organic Fertilizer as Affected by Aeration Time and the Ratio of Organic Fertilizer to Water (폭기시간과 유기질비료 농도에 따른 혼합유기질비료의 액비화 특성비교)

  • Lee, Jong-Tae;Ha, In-Jong;Moon, Jin-Seong;Song, Won-Doo
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.156-163
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    • 2007
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the liquefying efficiency of mixed organic fertilizer in different conditions. The organic fertilizer was composed of sesame oil cake, rice bran, fish meal, ground bone meal etc, and made by fermenting process. It included $23g\;kg^{-1}$, $17.0g\;kg^{-1}$, $23.9g\;kg^{-1}$, $290g\;kg^{-1}$ of N, $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$, organic matter, respectively. In one test, the mixed organic fertilizer was added in the proportion of 10% to water 90% and aerated continuously, for 2, 8 hours per day, and not aerated as control. In the other test, ratios of organic fertilizer to water were 5%, 10%, 20% and aerated for 2 hours a day. With the increase of liquefying time, pH, EC and $NH_4-N$ increased without relation to aeration time. After 10 days, liquid organic fertilizer aerated for 2 hours a day contained $634mg\;N\;kg^{-1}$, $68.1mg\;P_2O_5\;kg^{-1}$, $453mg\;K_2O\;kg^{-1}$, which was not significantly different from 8 hours a day or continuous aeration. Then extraction ratios of inorganic contents were 27.6%, 4.0% and 18.9%, respectively. Continuous aeration resulted in increasing the viable number of aerobic bacteria, spore forming bacteria and fungi in liquefied solution. Higher ratio of organic fertilizer to water increased EC, $NH_4-N$ and other inorganic matter contents, but decreased extraction ratio of nutrients in liquid fertilizer. The liquid organic fertilizer of 20% contained $1,140mg\;N\;kg^{-1}$, $35.4mg\;P_2O_5\;kg^{-1}$, $544mg\;K_2O\;kg^{-1}$ after 10 days. Then extraction ratios were 24.8%, 2.4% and 13.6%, respectively. The ratio of organic fertilizer to water was positively correlated with only spore forming bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. among microorganisms.

Preparation and Dissolution Properties of the Eco-glass Fertilizer containing Trace Elements

  • Lee Hoi Kwan;Hwang Sheng Jean;Kang Won Ho
    • Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.96-98
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    • 2004
  • At the previous papers, we showed that K2O-CaO-P2O5 glasses had a solubility in air so that they could be used for glass fertilizer. In this work, we fabricated the Eco-glass fertilizer containing trace elements such as B, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu, Co, and Mo by a melt-quenching process and the dissolution properties of these glasses were investigated with pH meter and ICP analyzer. In case of the glasses containing the trace elements, effect of trace elements on the dissolutions is not obvious and ignorant the stability of mother glass. Also, the dissolution amounts of each trace elements depend on the mother glass composition and the quantity of each trace element, and mother glasses determined the dissolving velocity of chemical elements.

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