• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.367-373
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• 2003

The focus of this study was to identify and describe environmental preconceptions held by pre-service elementary teachers about three issues : greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion and acid rain. Two hundred and twenty nine pre-service elementary teachers participated in this study. A 36 question survey was created by one of the authors. The questions focused on the cause, effects, and interactions of three environmental issues greenhouse effect of one layer depletion and acid rain. Pre-service elementary teachers answered the questions on a Likert scale. An analysis of the survey data indicated that the majority of pre-service elementary teachers possess an array of incorrect conceptions about the causes and effects of the greenhouse effect ozone layer depletion, and acid rain. and also many pre-service elementary teachers thought that there were causal relationships among the increase in greenhouse effect, the destruction of ozone layer, and the increase of acid rain.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1989

There is increasing concern that depletion of the ozone layer may have important health consequences. Each $1\%$ decline in ozone concentration is expected to cause a $2\%$ increase in ultraviolet radiation this in turn has been suggested to lead to up to a $4-6\%$ increase in certain kinds of skin cancer. In Colorado state, malignant melanoma patients increased form 7.4 cases per 100,000 to 12.6 per 100,000 in the general population between 1979 and 1985. In Australia, 4,000 new melanomas are diagnosed each year and 800 people die every year from melanoma. Strong international controls CFCs production are necessary to lower the destruction of ozone in the stratosphere. Only then will the increase in ultraviolet radiation to the skin be halted and the incidence and mortality from melanomas be reduced.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.728-734
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• 2004

Environmentally friendly refrigerants with zero ozone layer depletion potential are required to be used in refrigerators and air conditioners due to the difficulties related to ozone layer depletion and global warming. A rigorous study for the system performance with new refrigerants having zero ozone layer depletion potential is inevitable before adopting that as a new fluid. The HFC(Hydrofluorocarbon) potential has been recommended as alternatives. In this paper. system performance in the heat pump facilities were studied using R-290, R-600a. R-1270 as an environment friendly refrigerant. R-22 as a HCFC's refrigerant. The experimental apparatus has been set-up as a conventional vapor compression type heat Pump system. The test section is a horizontal double pipe heat exchanger. A tube diameter of 12.70mm with 1.315mm wall thickness is used for this investigation. The test results showed that the COP of hydrocarbon refrigerants were superior to that of R-22 and the maximum increasing rate of COP was found in R-1270. The refrigeration capacity of hydrocarbon refrigerants were higher than that of R-22. The compressor work was obtained with the maximum value in R-1270 and the minimum one in R-22.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제14권
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• pp.349-370
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• 2000

The environmental problems such as global climate change, global waming, ozone depletion, environmental pollution have been caused by the rapid economic growth, increasing in use of fossil fuels for industrialization and scientific technology development. Especially human activities are significantly altering the atomosphere's composition and its radiative properties. To Stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system, the international community adopted the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992 and Kyoto protocol in 1997. Also to protect ozone layer the international community adopted the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer in 1985, and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in 1987. To achieve global environmental objectives, some multilateral environmental agreements includes trade regulation. For example, Montreal Protocol includes the provisions to regulate the world trade of the sudstances which might destroy ozone layer. However Kyoto Protocol has no provisions to regulate trade and is not in force yet. Although there is no trade regulation article in Kyoto Protocol, the international world trade will be influenced by limitation and reduction of CO2 and strengthening the CO2 emission standard for import good. For example Korean car industy agreed with EU to reduce CO2 emission from new passenger car and Korean Semiconductor industry agreed with WSC(World Semiconductor Council) to reduce PFCs in 1999.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.585-594
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of Greenhouse Effect as understood by middle school high school university students using a closed-form questionnaire. Based on results of the questionnaire which was administered to 619, the extent to which alternative concepts were held was quantified and compared the difference of various group based on grade level. gender, text and major. Also, subjects were divided into two groups, one is middle school students and the other is high school university students and common themes within conceptual framework of each group were identified by factor analysis. The result showed that students confused Greenhouse Effect with ozone layer depletion in stratosphere and linked familiar contamination around everyday life. acid rain. radioactive contamination, nuclear arsenal to Greenhouse Effect. These trends were more appreciable in female than male, biology major than any other major and text did not make any significant difference. In addition, the result of factor analysis showed that two groups linked familiar contamination around everyday life to Greenhouse Effect and high school university students understand the consequences of an increase in the Greenhouse Effect more systematically than middle school student, perceived the relation between the origin of an increase in the Greenhouse Effect and human activity but confused Greenhouse Effect with ozone layer depletion in stratosphere.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.196-203
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• 2013

Environmental problems like global warming have now become important issues that should be considered in all industries, including construction. In South Korea, many studies have been conducted to achieve the government's goals of reduction in environmental impacts. However, the research on buildings has only focused on CO₂ emission as a research target despite the fact that other environmental impacts resulting from ozone depletion and acidification should also be considered, in addition to global warming. In this regard, this study attempted to propose assessment criteria and methods to evaluate the environmental performance of the structures from various aspects. The environmental impact category can be divided into global impacts, regional impacts, and local impacts. First, global impacts include global warming, ozone layer depletion, and abiotic resource depletion, while regional impacts include acidification, eutrophication, and photochemical oxidation. In addition, noise and vibration occurring in the building construction phase are defined as local impacts. The evaluation methods on the eight environmental impacts will be proposed after analyzing existing studies, and the methods representing each environmental load as monetary value will be presented. The methods presented in this study will present benefits that can be obtained through green buildings with a clear quantitative assessment on structures. Ultimately, it is expected that if the effects of green buildings are clearly presented through the findings of this study, the greening of structures will be actively expanded.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1336-1343
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• 2007

The HVAC takes the most important role in the Electric Multiple Unit for maintaining the healthy and comfortable indoor environment, however we also should consider the outdoor environment in terms of "environment's friendly" because the refrigerant used for the HVAC system is strongly related with the issues of "the Protection of environment" such as "the Global Warming" and "The Ozone layer Depletion". Therefore we survey (1)the potentially harmful impact on human health and the environment through modification of the ozone layer and the Green house effect, and (2)the international and the domestic environment's policies and (3)the potential alternative refrigerants usable for the EMU HVAC in terms of "the environment friendly properties", "the performance" and (4) "the applicabilities of the refrigerant for the EMU HVAC".

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.75-78
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• 2010

In this study we investigated the electrical properties of ZnO-based MOS capacitor with $HfO_2$ as the gate dielectric. MIM capacitor, which uses either $HfO_2$ or $Al_2O_3$ as the dielectric layer, is also studied to understand the dependency of the dielectrics on the preparation conditions. It was found that thinner $HfO_2$ films yield better electrical properties, namely lower leakage current and higher breakdown electric field. These properties were observed to deteriorate when subsequently annealed. Capacitance in the depletion region of MOS capacitor was found to increase with UV ozone treatment time up to 60min. However, when the treatment time was extended to 120min, the trend is reversed. The 'threshold voltage' was also observed to positively shift with UV ozone treatment time up to 60min. The shift apparently saturated for longer treatment.

• 방재기술
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• 통권10호
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• pp.13-18
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• 1991

It seems that the use of one of the major fire-fighting agents-halon-is going to be denied to the fire protection community at the end of the century. It is now being widely accepted that the CFC and halons released into the atomosphere are contributing to both the depletion of the ozone layer green house effect. Therefore, we should research to determine suitable alternative(gaseous) fire extinguishings agents to the halons and improve or develop other extinguishing systems.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.359-367
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• 1999

최근 10년 동안 우리들은 성층권의 오존층 고갈(depletion of ozone layer), 지구온난화(global warming) 및 산성비(acid rain) 등을 포함하는 지구환경문제를 해결하여야 하는 많은 도전을 받고 있다. 몬트리올조약과 Montreal Protocol)이 수정되어 특정 CFC계 냉매들의 생산삭감계획이 앞당겨짐에 따라 우리들은 조속히 이들 문제를 해결해야될 심각한 국면에 직면하고 있다.