• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2022

PURPOSE: To find out how wearing a mask due to COVID-19 affects cardiovascular function as the pace of walking changes. METHODS: Forty-nine college students (27 men, 22 women) were subjected to treadmill exercises without masks (Group I) and wearing masks (Group II). The body temperature, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and blood pressure were measured to determine the changes in cardiovascular function. These parameters were measured at rest (Control I), low-intensity (Control II), medium-intensity (Control III), and high-intensity (Control IV) before and after exercise. RESULTS: Significant differences in heart rate were observed between Control III and Control IV, and a significant difference in oxygen saturation was noted in Control IV. Significant differences in the exercise intensity change in Group II were as follows: Body temperature was Control IV compared to Control I and Control II, heart rate was Control III and Control IV compared to Control I and Control II, and Control IV compared to Control III. The heart rate was Control III and Control IV compared to Control I and Control II, Control IV for Control III, oxygen saturation was Control IV compared to Control I, blood pressure was Control II and Control III and Control IV compared to Control I, and Control IV compared to Control II. CONCLUSION: Exercising when wearing a mask affects the cardiovascular system. Therapists should consider the patient's condition when setting the exercise intensity. In particular, therapists should be more careful when setting the exercise intensity of patients with cardiovascular disease.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2023

Purpose : This study aimed to compare peripheral pulse oxygen saturation (SpO₂) values, measured at different monitoring sites, and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂) of neurocritical patients. Methods : The study included 110 patients admitted to the neurosurgical intensive care unit of a university hospital. The patients' SpO₂ values were measured in their index fingers, both second toes, both earlobes, and foreheads, using the patient monitoring system. These values were compared with the standard value of SaO₂ measured using a blood gas analyzer. Data were analyzed using descriptive values, Pearson's correlation coefficients, Lin's concordance correlation coefficients (CCC), and Bland-Altman plots. Result : Regardless of the measuring site, SpO₂ was correlated with the paired measurements of SaO₂ (r=.40~.60, p<.001, CCC range=.40~.58). No significant bias in paired measurements of SpO₂ and SaO₂ was observed at all sites (-0.06~0.19%, p>.05). SpO₂ values at the left finger and right earlobe had the narrowest range, with a 95% limits of agreement (LOA) (left finger -3.04~2.93% and right earlobe -3.18~2.79%). SpO₂ at the index finger, on the side without an arterial catheter, had a narrower range of 95% LOA than that of the opposing finger (-3.00~2.97% vs. -3.73~3.26%). Conclusion : SpO₂ at the finger without an arterial catheter had the highest level of precision. This study suggests using the index finger, on the side without an arterial catheter, for pulse oximetry in neurocritical patients.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.379-388
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• 2023

본 연구는 수온 24℃에서 체중 0.6-786 g 범위의 참돔 52개체의 SMR을 측정한 후 점진적인 저산소 조건에 노출시켜서 S_crit를 측정하여 개체 크기에 따른 저산소 내성을 평가할 목적으로 실시하였다. SMR (mg O₂ kg^-1hr^-1)은 SMR=351.59·W^-0.195 (r²=0.934, p<0.001)의 관계식으로 표시할 수 있었고, 체중(W) 증가에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보여주었다. 참돔의 체중과 S_crit 사이에는 S_crit (%)=2.316·logW+17.805 (r²=0.682, p<0.001)의 회귀직선식으로 나타낼 수 있었고, 체중 0.6-786 g인 개체의 S_crit는 17.3-24.4% 범위에서 개체 크기가 클수록 증가하여 작은 개체가 저산소 내성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2023

Purpose : This study aimed to find out the effect of aerobic exercise using Bruce protocol on heart rate, oxygen saturation, and blood pressure after recovery from COVID-19 infection. Methods : In this study, 34 students from D University located in J city were targeted, COVID-19 infected group (17 people) and non-COVID-19 non-infected group (17 people). The Bruce protocol using a treadmill was applied to the aerobic exercise of this study. The Bruce protocol has in the first stage of METs 4 (slope 10 %, speed 2.7 km/h). The second stage was METs 5 (slope 12 %, speed 4 km/h), and the third stage was METs 6 (slope 14 %, speed 5.4 km/h). All measurements were measured 3 times and the average value was used. Results : As a result of this study, as a result of comparing heart rate changes according to aerobic exercise using the Bruce protocol. EG group and the CG group increased significantly according to the progressive exercise load (METs 4~5), and in the third stage of the Bruce protocol between groups, The EG group showed a significantly lower heart rate. As a result of comparing changes in oxygen saturation and blood pressure, there was no significant difference between the EG and C groups according to the gradual exercise load. Conclusion : In conclusion, there was no difference between normal and pressure when MET of moderate intensity exercise (4 to 6) was applied to the effect on heart rate, oxygen saturation, and blood pressure in healthy adults who were fully recovered from COVID-19. Secondary side effects may occur when high intensity exercise with a MET of 6 or higher, so it is strongly recommended that hospitals or specialized institutions measure exercise and physical ability according to individual exercise intensity.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.852-857
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• 2017

In this paper, measurements of ion mobility were performed in oxygen at gas pressures of 44.52 - 101.19 kPa using the drift tube method. Over this pressure range, mobility values were within the limits of 1.796 to $3.821cm^2{\cdot}V^{-1}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ were determined and ion mobility shown to decrease non-linearly with increasing gas pressure towards a certain level of saturation. Ion mobility measured in air was lower than that measured in oxygen at the same gas pressure. Finally, a parameter correction method for calibrating the relationship between the ion mobility and gas pressure in oxygen was proposed.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.494-498
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• 2000

진정요법하의 치과진료에서 환자의 상태를 지속적으로 감시하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 여러 방법 중 가장 널리 사용되는 것 중 Pulse Oximeter가 있다. Pulse Oximeter는 비침습적 방법으로 계속해서 동맥혈액의 산소포화도를 측정할 수 있도록 고안된 장치로서 기기에 나타나는 산소포화도$(SpO_2)$는 실제로 측정한 동맥혈액의 산소포화도$(SaO_2)$와 거의 일치하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 진료실에 있는 세종류의 Pulse Oximeter를 이용하여 한 환자에게 동시에 두 개의 기기를 적용하였을 경우, 산출값을 상호 비교한 결과, 짧은(3회) 맥박수를 평균하는 기기가 낮은값이 나왔으며, 다른 두개의 Pulse Oximeter와 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 짧은 맥박수를 평균하는 기기는 반응이 빠르나, 산소포화도의 값이 작게 산출되고, 외부의 신호에 더욱 민감하여, 오류가 존재할 가능성 또한 높다. 기기의 특성을 알아, 술자는 적절한 기기를 선택하는 것이 중요하다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.280-284
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• 2000

The simple imcroprocessor device was provided for the control of dissolved oxygen(DO) level. The DO analog signal output from fementer was used as a measurement variable and the agitation speed of fermenter was used as a manipulatio variable. Agitation speed was manipulated to maintain DO level above 10% of saturation condition during cell growth period with microprocessor. Since the experimental resultsshowed that the DO level was maintained above 10% and agitation speed was inverse proportional to DO level ithis simple control device can be used for the DO control of fermenter.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.617-622
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• 2018

인간의 생명 유지에 가장 필수적인 것은 공기이지만, 산업의 발달 인구의 증가 등으로 도시의 공기는 매연과 유해가스 등으로 오염되고 있다. 이런 이유 등으로 최근 환경문제 중 대기오염에 대한 문제가 크게 다루어지고 있다. 공기청정기와 함께 쾌적한 실내공기를 제공할 수 있는 또 하나의 기기는 산소발생기이다. 산소발생기의 주 원리는 합성 제올라이트를 이용하여 공기로부터 산소를 분리하는 데에 있다. 다양한 합성 제올라이트들은 그들이 갖고 있는 특성을 이용하여 실생활에 유용하게 적용되어지고 있다. 이런 제올라이트의 특성 중 질소를 흡착하는 성질을 이용하여 대기 중의 질소를 흡착 시킨 뒤 산소만을 발생시켜 산소발생기에 적용시킬 수 있다. 그리하여 우리는 5가지 종류의 천연제올라이트와 LTA 제올라이트, 3A, 4A, 5A(크기가 다른 두 가지)를 사용하여 각각의 질소흡착정도를 알아보고자 하였다. PSA 방식을 사용하여 질소흡착정도가 높을수록 산소포화농도가 높게 나오는 원리를 통해 5A(양이온이 칼슘으로 보충된 LTA제올라이트) 제올라이트의 질소흡착정도가 평균 6% 증가하여 가장 크다는 것을 알 수 있었고 또한 제올라이트의 크기에도 많은 영향을 받는다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1992

The encapsulation of the Purified bovine hemoglobin with Phospholipids obtained from egg folk was performed using a rotary vacuum evaporator. The prepared Hb-containing liposome (hemosome) had good properties as artificial red blood cell. The shape and size of the hemosomes were measured by a phase contrast microscope and image analyzer. The function of the hemosome as oxygen carrier was tested by measuring oxygen saturation curve with blood gas analyzer and infusing it into rats. The prepared hemosome was 1.184 + 0.423 ${\mu}m$ in diameter and round in shape. $P_{50}$ value of the hemosome solution was 28 mmHg. The synthesized red cells seem to function as oxygen carrier, because the severely bled rats were prolonged in their life by transfusion of the hemosome solution containing bovine hemoglobin.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.336-347
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• 2013

This paper presents an evaluation of stream restoration projects in Seoul with a focus on dissolved oxygen. Five test sites across four streams were measured for dissolved oxygen (DO) in late May to early June in 2012 and compared against a set of minimum and maximum thresholds. Only one test site, Hwarang-cheon, showed measurements below 6 mg/l DO. Towards the upper limit, the Hwarangcheon site was the only tested stream which was not at risk of DO supersaturation. The Danghyeon-cheon site had the highest probability of supersaturation, with DO saturation exceeding 130% expected 86.5% of the time. When measured every hour during daytime, DO levels showed diurnal variations, peaking in the afternoon. However, they showed inconsistent results along transects of the streams. Overall, the streams are rich in DO. To maintain the streams in good standing, nutrient loading should be addressed to prevent potential algal bloom induced hypoxic events down the line.