• 제목/요약/키워드: Oxidations

검색결과 85건 처리시간 0.027초

Vapor-phase Oxidation of Alkylaromatics over V/TiO2 and VSb/Al2O3 Catalysts: Effect of Alkali Metals

  • Yoon, Ji-Woong;Jhung, Sung-Hwa;Chang, Jong-San
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제28권12호
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    • pp.2405-2408
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    • 2007
  • Oxidation of alkylaromatics including toluene and p-methoxytoluene has been carried out over alkali metal (AM)-containing catalysts such as AM-V/TiO2 and AM-VSb/Al2O3 in vapor-phase using oxygen as an oxidant. The selectivity for partial oxidations increases with incorporation of an alkali metal or with increasing the basicity of alkali metals (from Na to Cs), irrespective of the supports or reactants. However, the conversion is nearly constant or slightly decreasing with the addition of alkali metals in the catalyst. The increased selectivity may be related with the decreased acidity even though more detailed work is necessary to understand the effect of alkali metals in the oxidation. The AM-VSb/Al2O3 may be suggested as a potential selective catalyst for vapor-phase oxidations.

A Comparative Study of the Degradation of the Erionyl Navy R by Different Oxidation Processes: Chemical, Fenton and Fenton-like

  • Belaid, Kumar Djamal;Elhorri, Abdelkader M.;Mered, Yassine;Hichem, Ellali
    • 공업화학
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.419-424
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    • 2022
  • The oxidative degradation performance of the Erionyl Navy R dye was studied in this article. The investigation mainly focused on a comparative study between chemical oxidations by sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and catalytic oxidations including the Fenton (Fe2+-H2O2) and Fenton-Like (Fe2+/ Fe3+/Co2+/ Mn2+-H2O2) or modified Fenton-like (Fe2+/ Fe3+ -NaClO) reactions. A discoloration and degradation of the Erionyl Navy R occurred after 30 minutes, which varies according to the oxidation system involved; 31%, 54%, <20%, 95%, and >96% losses were observed for Co2+-H2O2, Mn2+-H2O2, Fe2+-NaClO, Fe3+-NaClO), and Fe2+-H2O2 and Fe3+-H2O2, respectively.

아조염료 Reactive Black 5 폐수의 촉매습식산화 (Catalytic Wet Oxidation of Azo Dye Reactive Black 5)

  • 서일순;유신석;고미소;정사무엘;정철구;홍정아;윤왕래
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제48권2호
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    • pp.259-267
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    • 2010
  • 불균일 촉매 CuO를 이용한 반응성 아조계 염료 Reactive Black 5(RB5) 폐수의 촉매습식산화에서 반응온도($190{\sim}230^{\circ}C$) 및 촉매농도(0.00~0.20 g/l)가 폐수의 색도 및 총 유기탄소 TOC 제거에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 폐수의 색도는 분광광도계를 사용하여 측정하였고, 습식산화속도는 TOC를 이용하여 산출하였다. 열분해 조건($230^{\circ}C$, 120 min)에서 폐수의 색도는 약 90%까지 제거되었지만 TOC는 제거되지 않았다. RB5 폐수 촉매 습식산화에서의 폐수의 색도 및 TOC 제거속도는 반응온도 및 촉매농도를 증가시킴에 따라 증가하였다. 촉매의 영향은 0.01 g CuO/l에서 이미 상당히 크게 나타났으며 0.05 g CuO/l 이상에서의 촉매농도 증가에 따른 효과는 작았다. 폐수 색도의 초기변화는 색도에 대한 1차 반응속도론으로 나타낼 수 있었으며, TOC 변화는 폐수 TOC를 쉽게 산화되는 TOC와 난분해성 TOC 로 구분한 global 모델로 묘사할 수 있었다. 반응온도의 폐수 색도 및 TOC 제거속도에 미치는 영향은 Arrhenius 상관관계식으로 묘사할 수 있었다. RB5 폐수의 열분해, 습식산화 및 0.20 g CuO/l의 촉매농도를 사용한 촉매습식산화 조건에서의 색도 제거반응의 활성화에너지는 각각 108.4, 78.3 및 74.1 kJ/mol의 값을 나타내었다. RB5 폐수 촉매습식산화에서의 TOC 제거반응에서 산화 최종산물로의 전환에 대한 난분해성 중간산물로의 전환 비는 페놀 습식산화에 비하여 상대적으로 높았다.

Co3O4, Pt 및 Co3O4-Pt 담지 촉매상에서 CO/C3H8 산화반응: 담체 및 제조법에 따른 영향과 촉매 비활성화 (CO and C3H8 Oxidations over Supported Co3O4, Pt and Co3O4-Pt Catalysts: Effect on Their Preparation Methods and Supports, and Catalyst Deactivation)

  • 김문현;김동우;함성원
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.251-260
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    • 2011
  • $TiO_2$- and $SiO_2$-supported $Co_3O_4$, Pt and $Co_3O_4$-Pt catalysts have been studied for CO and $C_3H_8$ oxidations at temperatures less than $250^{\circ}C$ which is a lower limit of light-off temperatures to oxidize them during emission test cycles of gasoline-fueled automotives with TWCs (three-way catalytic converters) consisting mainly of Pt, Pd and Rh. All the catalysts after appropriate activation such as calcination at $350^{\circ}C$ and reduction at $400^{\circ}C$ exhibited significant dependence on both their preparation techniques and supports upon CO oxidation at chosen temperatures. A Pt/$TiO_2$ catalyst prepared by using an ion-exchange method (IE) has much better activity for such CO oxidation because of smaller Pt nanoparticles, compared to a supported Pt obtained via an incipient wetness (IW). Supported $Co_3O_4$-only catalysts are very active for CO oxidation even at $100^{\circ}C$, but the use of $TiO_2$ as a support and the IW technique give the best performances. These effects on supports and preparation methods were indicated for $Co_3O_4$-Pt catalysts. Based on activity profiles of CO oxidation at $100^{\circ}C$ over a physical mixture of supported Pt and $Co_3O_4$ after activation under different conditions, and typical light-off temperatures of CO and unburned hydrocarbons in common TWCs as tested for $C_3H_8$ oxidation at $250^{\circ}C$ with a Pt-exchanged $SiO_2$ catalyst, this study may offer an useful approach to substitute $Co_3O_4$ for a part of platinum group metals, particularly Pt, thereby lowering the usage of the precious metals.

균일촉매를 이용한 페놀의 습식산화 (Wet Oxidation of Phenol with Homogeneous Catalysts)

  • 서일순;류승훈;윤왕래
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.292-302
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    • 2009
  • 페놀 습식산화에 미치는 반응온도($150{\sim}250^{\circ}C$), 산소분압(25.8~75.0 bar) 및 초기 pH(1.0~12.0)의 영향을 10 g/l의 페놀 초기농도를 사용하여 조사하였다. 습식산화속도는 화학적 산소요구량 COD를 이용하여 산출하였으며 반응 중간 생성물들을 고성능액체크로마토그래피를 사용하여 측정하였다. 습식산화 중 페놀 분해속도는 페놀에 대하여 1차 반응차수를 나타냈으며, COD 변화는 lumped 모델로 잘 묘사할 수 있었다. 금속이온($Cu^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, $Ce^{3+}$) 균일촉매의 습식산화 중 페놀 분해속도 및 COD 제거속도에 미치는 영향도 조사하였다. 페놀 분해속도 및 COD 제거속도는 $CuSO_4$를 사용한 촉매습식산화에서 가장 크게 나타났으며 촉매농도를 증가시킴에 따라 증가하였다. 습식산화 중 생성되는 개미산의 분해속도는 반응온도 및 $CuSO_4$ 농도를 증가시킴에 따라 증가하였다. 난분해성 생성물 초산의 최종농도는 반응온도를 증가시킴에 따라 증가하였으나 $CuSO_4$ 농도를 증가시킴에 따라 감소하였다.

Oxidative N-Debenzylation of N-Benzyl-N-substituted Benzylamines Catalyzed by Cytochrome P450

  • Kim, Sung-Soo;Lin, Gang;Yang, Ji-Won
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.249-252
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    • 2004
  • Cytochrome P450 (P450)/$O_2$/NADPH engender electron transfer reaction of N-benzyl-N-substituted benzylamines to yield corresponding radical cation 1 that is simultaneously converted into 2 and 3. Subsequently, expulsion of proton and hydroxylation yielding a-hydroxylamines are followed by formation of benzaldehydes and benzylamines.

Oxidations of Cyclohexanols by N-Bromosuccinimide and Sodium Hypochlorite

  • Chung, Kyoo-Hyun;Kim, Seong-Jin
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.111-113
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    • 1986
  • The axial alcohol in trans-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol was oxidized more readily than the equatorial alcohol in cis-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol by NBS in aqueous dioxane. On the contrary, the equatorial alcohol was preferentially oxidized to the axial one by 10% aqueous sodium hypochlorite in the presence of tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate (TBHS). The specificity indicates the presence of two different mechanism. In acidic medium, the cleavage of C-H bond is rate determining step while the reactivity of the alcohol is important in the presence of TBHS. The mechanism in basic medium without TBHS will be discussed.