• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.24-37
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• 2000

Korean civil and environmental organizations had selected and announced ‘The top ten pieces of news in the environmental field of the year’ on Dec. 2, 1999. This study investigated the possibilities that these could be used as subject matters of environmental curriculum and infused into the environmental textbook of secondary schools, referring to documents and internet materials. The top ten pieces of environmental news could be clarified as controversial topics. The locality was analyzed that 2 pieces occurred mainly in a specific area, 4 pieces in several areas and 4 pieces around all over the country. Most of them had the opposing partners as the federal and local governmental vs. civil organizations and people. Each of them could be used as subject matters for 7 to 13 contents domains of the 6th and 7th Korean environmental curriculum. The knowledge of most of them had related counterpart concepts to be infused into the ‘Environmental Science’textbook for the high school students. The results suggested that more concerns and efforts are needed to deal and use these controversial issues as real world problems of Korea in the environmental education practices

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.2534-2553
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• 2018

Source routing is the routing scheme that arranges the whole path from source to target at the origin node that may suit the requirements from the upper layer applications' perspective. The centralized control in SDN (Software-Defined Networking) networks enables the awareness of the global topology at the controller. Therefore, augmented source routing schemes can be designed to achieve various purposes. This paper proposes a source routing scheme that conducts the top-K QoS-aware paths discovery in SDN. First, the novel non-invasive QoS over LLDP scheme is designed to collect QoS information based on LLDP in a piggyback fashion. Then, variations of the KSP (K Shortest Paths) algorithm are derived to find the unconstrained/constrained top-K ranked paths with regard to individual/overall path costs, reflecting the Quality of Service. The experiment results show that the proposed scheme can efficiently collect the QoS information and find the top-K paths. Also, the performance of our scheme is applicable in QoS-sensitive application scenarios compared with previous works.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2017

This paper explores the impact of corporate control, measured by ownership structure, on top-executives' compensation in Japan. According to agency theory, the pay-performance link is expected to be affected by the firm's ownership structure. Using a sample of 4,411 firm-year observations (401 firms for the 11-years period from 2001 to 2011) for Japanese non-financial firms publicly traded on the first section and second section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE), this study demonstrates that institutional ownership (both financial and corporate) is negatively related to the level of executives' compensation. Such finding is in line with efficient monitoring hypothesis which claims that the presence of institutional shareholders provides direct monitoring over managers, limits managerial self-dealing and curves the increase in top-executives pay. On the other hand, the results also show that managerial ownership is positively related to their compensation which supports managerial power theory hypothesis, i.e. management-controlled firms are more likely to extract more compensation from the business than other firms. Overall, this study confirms that corporate control has significant impact on cash compensation paid to Japanese top-executives after controlling the conventional pay-performance relationship.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.44-55
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• 2024

High-utility itemset mining (HUIM) is a dominant technology that enables enterprises to make real-time decisions, including supply chain management, customer segmentation, and business analytics. However, classical support value-driven Apriori solutions are confined and unable to meet real-time enterprise demands, especially for large amounts of input data. This study introduces a groundbreaking model for top-N high utility itemset mining in real-time enterprise applications. Unlike traditional Apriori-based solutions, the proposed convolutional sequential embedding metrics-driven cosine-similarity-based multilayer perception learning model leverages global and contextual features, including semantic attributes, for enhanced top-N recommendations over sequential transactions. The MATLAB-based simulations of the model on diverse datasets, demonstrated an impressive precision (0.5632), mean absolute error (MAE) (0.7610), hit rate (HR)@K (0.5720), and normalized discounted cumulative gain (NDCG)@K (0.4268). The average MAE across different datasets and latent dimensions was 0.608. Additionally, the model achieved remarkable cumulative accuracy and precision of 97.94% and 97.04% in performance, respectively, surpassing existing state-of-the-art models. This affirms the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed model in real-time enterprise scenarios.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2022

In this study, we propose training a support vector machine (SVM) model on top of deep networks for detecting Covid-19 from chest X-ray images. We started by gathering a real chest X-ray image dataset, including positive Covid-19, normal cases, and other lung diseases not caused by Covid-19. Instead of training deep networks from scratch, we fine-tuned recent pre-trained deep network models, such as DenseNet121, MobileNet v2, Inception v3, Xception, ResNet50, VGG16, and VGG19, to classify chest X-ray images into one of three classes (Covid-19, normal, and other lung). We propose training an SVM model on top of deep networks to perform a nonlinear combination of deep network outputs, improving classification over any single deep network. The empirical test results on the real chest X-ray image dataset show that deep network models, with an exception of ResNet50 with 82.44%, provide an accuracy of at least 92% on the test set. The proposed SVM on top of the deep network achieved the highest accuracy of 96.16%.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 1982

Potassium deficiency symptoms were studied with flue-cured tobacco which was applied with different levels of compound fertilizer (10-15-20) ; 75kg, 100hg, and 125kg/10a. Ratio of N/$K_2O$ in leaves was increased from bottom to top stalk position due to the increase of nitrogen content in leaves. Nitrogen content in leaves was increased from stalk to tip as wall as from midrib to laminae, but vice versa in potassium content. Consequently, resulting in potassium deficiency symptoms in tip of leaves. Rate of reabsorption by rainfall during the latter part of growth was highest at top stalk position in case of nitrogen, but lowest in potassium. This observation was more evident with higher application rate of fertilizer. Nitrogen content of about 4 % in leaves of top stalk position applied with 125kg/10a was maintained up to 85days after trans planting. No increase in potassium in upper leaves was observed over the level of 100kg/10a fertilizer application. As the result, N/$K_2O$ ratio in leaves of top stalk position applied with 125kg/10a was kept at more than 1.0 up to 85days after transplanting, but it was less than 0.9 at 65days after tracts planting with less than 100kg/10a fertilizer application.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.1299-1313
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• 2010

Top-k 질의는 데이터베이스에서 사용자가 가장 원하는 k개의 객체를 구하는 질의이다. Top-k 질의를 효율적으로 처리하는 대표적인 연구로 Partitioned-Layer Index (간단히, PL-index) 방법이 있다. PL-index는 데이터베이스를 여러 개의 더 작은 데이터베이스로 분할하고 각 분할된 데이터베이스에 대해 sublayer들의 list (간단히, sublayer list)를 구성한다. 이때, 분할된 데이터베이스에 대해서 top-i 결과가 될 수 있는 객체들을 그 분할된 데이터베이스에 대한 i번째 sublayer로 구성한다. 그리고 주어진 질의에 맞춰 그 sublayer list들을 병합함으로써 질의 결과를 구한다. PL-index는 질의 처리 시 데이터베이스로부터 읽어 들이는 객체의 개수가 매우 작다는 장점을 가지지만, sublayer list들을 병합할 때에 임의 접근(random access)이 많이 발생하기 때문에 디스크 기반의 데이터베이스 환경에서 질의 처리 성능이 저하된다. 이에 본 논문에서는 임의 접근 횟수를 줄임으로써 디스크 기반의 데이터베이스 환경에서 PL-index의 질의 처리 성능을 크게 향상시키는 요약된(Abstracted) Partitioned-Layer Index (간단히, APL一index)를 제안한다. 먼저, PL-index의 각 sublayer를 가상의 (점) 객체로 요약함으로써 sublayer list들을 이러한 점 객체들의 list들(즉, APL-index)로 변형한다. 그리고 APL-index에 대해 질의 처리를 가상으로 수행하여 실제 질의 처리 시 접근할 sublayer를 예측한다, 그리고 예측된 sublayer들을 sublayer list별로 한꺼번에 읽어 들임으로 PL-index에서 발생하는 임의 접근 횟수를 줄인다. 합성 데이터와 실제 데이터에 대한 실험을 통하여 제안한 APL-index가 PL-index의 임의 접근 횟수를 크게 줄일 수 있음을 보인다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.340-350
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• 1995

이탈리안 라이그라스의 염해반응에 대한 기초 자료를 얻고자 NaCl의 8개 농도에서 14개 품종(2배체:7 4배체:7)의 발아율과 유묘건물중, 엽록소 및 유리 proline함량을 조사하였다. 1. 발아율은 NaCl 300mM 이상에서 크게 감소하였으며 대조구에 대한 50%의 발아감소 NaCl농도는 344mM이었다. 2배체품종은 4배체품종보다 감소 정도가 컸으며 NaCl의 농도가 높을수록 발아율에 대한 품종들의 차이가 크게 나타났다. 2. 지상부 건물중은 NaCl 166mM에서 대조구에 대한 50%의 감소율을 보여 발아기보다 유묘기에 NaCl에 대한 영향이 더욱 컸는데, 품종들의 발아율과 지상부 건물중과는 상관관계가 없었다. 3. 지하부 건물중은 NaCl농도가 높아질수록 감소 정도가 커서 NaCl 148mM에서 50%의 감소가 나타났으며, 품종들의 지상부 건물중과 지하부 건물중은 유의적인 상관관계가 있었다. 4. 지상부 건물중과 지하부 건물중은 NaCl의 각 농도에서 2배체가 4배체보다 높았다. 5. Total 엽록소 함량은 NaCl농도가 높아질수록 증가하였는다 엽록소 a가 엽록소 b보다 함량이 더욱 증가하였으며, 엽록소 a는 4배체가 2배체보다 높았으나 엽록소 b는 2배체가 4배체보다 높았다. 품종들의 엽록소 a함량과 지상부 건물중과는 NaCl 150mM 이상에서 높은 상관관계가 인정되었다. 6. 유리 proline함량은 NaCl처리에 의하여 현저히 축적되었는데 2배체와 4배체 사이에는 별다른 차이가 없었으며, 품종들의 지상부 건물중과도 상관관계가 없었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1065-1078
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• 2020

The statistical characteristics of aerosol-cloud interactions over East Asia were investigated using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite data. The long-term relationship between various aerosol and cloud parameters was estimated using correlation analysis, principle component analysis, and Aerosol Indirect Effect (AIE) estimation. In correlation analysis, Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) was positively Correlated with Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and Cloud Fraction (CF), but negatively correlated with Cloud Top Temperature (CTT) and Cloud Top Pressure (CTP). Fine Mode Fraction (FMF) and CCN were positively correlated over the ocean because of sea spray. In principle component analysis, AOD and FMF were influenced by water vapor. In particular, AOD was positively influenced by CF, and negatively by CTT and CTP over the ocean. In AIE estimation, the AIE value in each cloud layer and type was mostly negative (Twomey effect) but sometimes positive (anti-Twomey effect). This is related to regional, environmental, seasonal, and meteorological effects. Rigorous and extensive studies on aerosol-cloud interactions over East Asia should be conducted via micro- and macro-scale investigations, to determine chemical characteristics using various meteorological instruments.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.414-422
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• 2011

본 연구는 얇은 유전체기판 위에 프린트 패턴으로 구현하는 상/하 대칭 루프안테나에 관한 것으로서, 유전체기판 상/하에 대칭으로 루프안테나용 동박패턴을 제작하여 기판의 상/하에 프린트된 루프패턴 간에서 방사되는 전자계가 서로 충돌하지 않게 방사되는 위상제어형 상/하 대칭 루프안테나에 관한 것이다. 이 방법으로 상/하에 프린트된 각 루프코일이 서로 동위상으로 보완적으로 배치되어 전자계가 원만하게 방사되어, 방사 손실이 없고 방사 효율이 뛰어나게 된다. 앓은 유전체기판의 상/하에 프린트하여 안테나를 구현함으로 연해 경박/소형화가 가능해지며, 이로 인하여 크기 $40mm{\times}6mm$ 이하의 사이즈에, 두께 0.2mm 이하의 박막의 유전체가판에 제 3세대 휴대폰대역인 WCDMA 안테나를 구현하여 액티브 시험에서 평균게인 -3dBi 이상 방사효율 50~70% 정도의 안테나특성이 얻어졌으며, 상용되는 이동형 멀티미디어단말기에 부착하여 액티브 시험결과 평균게인 -4dBi, 송/수신 효율이 43% 얻어졌다.