• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.486-489
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• 2009

An 8-year-old Thoroughbred mare showing anestrus for longer than 6 months with left ovarian mass was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. For 6 months, the mare had received 2 times hormonal therapies with $PGF_2{\alpha}$ and progesterone. The mare had not responded to these therapies and not shown estrous behavior. On rectal palpation, the left ovary was enlarged and contralateral ovary was small and inactive. Transrectal ultrasonographic examination of the left ovary revealed a mass composed of multiple, irregularly shaped follicles. Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) was suspected according to her history. Ovariectomy was performed through the left flank laparotomy with a standing position in a simple chute located outside of horse farm. The mass was diagnosed as GCT on histopathology. The mare was recovered without any problem and became pregnant next spring.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.310-314
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• 2013

A 12-year-old, female mixed breed dog presented with a vaginal mass protruding outside the vulva. The patient was non-gravid, with normal defecation and urination. Serum chemistry revealed azotemia and increased alkaline phosphatase. Hematology findings were normal. Blood electrolytes showed mild hypernatremia. Ultrasonography demonstrated severely enlarged uterine horns, a uterine body with anechoic to hypoechoic fluids, and a focal hypoechoic area within the mass of the right uterine tube. On computed tomography, metastasis was not confirmed. Other computed tomography findings suggested a right ovarian cyst, an enlarged, fluid-filled uterus, and an enlarged vagina with a mass. Ovariohysterectomy, episiotomy, and vaginectomy were performed. The case was diagnosed as uterine tube adenocarcinoma, vaginal fibroma, and pyometra. This case is the first reported concurrent occurrence in dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.38-41
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• 2007

A 12-year-old, intact female Yorkshire terrier was presented with progressive abdominal distention. On radiographic and ultrasonographic evaluation, a large mass was detected in right upper abdomen and it had several discrete anechoic follicles and large cysts. The mass was removed by complete ovariohysterectomy and the resected specimen was histopathologically examined. Based on the gross and histopathologic findings, the mass was definitely diagnosed as malignant granulosa cell tumor (GCT). Until now, the dog has been successfully managed more than a year without complications.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.379-385
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• 1997

Purpose : Ovarian dysgerminoma is a highly radiosensitive malignant tumor occurring in young age group. The conventional treatment was total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy followed by radiotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed the treatment results of Patients who had received radiotherapy in the era before chemotherapy was widely used. Material and Method : Twenty two patients with ovarian dysgerminoma were treated at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital between August, 1980 and May, 1991. Four patients were excluded from this study, because three patients received incomplete treatment and one received combined chemotherapy. Sixteen patients received postoperative radiotherapy and two patients had radical radiotherapy as tumor was unresectable. Median follow-up period was 99 months (range, 51-178) Median age was 22 years (range, 11-42). Among the postoperatively treated patients, three Patients were in stage IA, eight in stage IC, two in stage II, and three in stage III. One patient had Turner's syndrome. Radiotherapy was performed with high energy photon (telecobalt unit or linear accelerator, either 6MV or 10MV), The radiation dose to the whole abdomen was 1950-2100cGy (median, 2000) and 1050-2520cGy was added to the whole pelvis, the total dose to the whole pelvis was 3000-4500cGy (median, 3500). Prophylactic Paraaortic area irradiation was done in six Patients (dose range, 900-1500cGy). One patient who had positive Paraaortic node, received radiation dose of 1620cGy, followed by additional 900cGy to the gross mass with shrinking field. Total dose to the paraaortic node was 4470cGy. Six patients, including one who had paraaortic node metastasis, received Prophylactic irradiation to mediastinum and supraclavicular area (2520cGy). Of the two patients with unresectable tumors who received radical radiotherapy, one was in stage III and the other was in stage IV with left supraclavicular lymph node metastasis. The stage III patient received radiation to the whole abdomen (2000cGy), followed by boost to whole pelvis (2070cGy) and paraaortic area (2450cGy). Stage IV patient received radiation to the whole abdomen (2000cGy), followed by radiation to the whole pelvis and paraaortic area (2400cGy), mediastinum (2520cGy) , and left supraclavicular area (3550cGy) .Results : The 5 year local control rate was $100\%$ in patients who received postoperative adiuvant radiotherapy after total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Only one patient in stage III who did not receive prophylactic irradiation to mediastinum developed mediastinal metastasis. but was salvaged by chemotherapy. So. the 5 year overall survival rate uras also $100\%$. Two patients who received radiation only, are alive without disease at 112 and 155 months. Conclusion : Postoperntive adjuvant radiotherapy as well as radical radiotherapy in unresectable ovarian dysgerminoma was very effective. aut chemotherapy is also an effective treatment modality We now recomrneifd chemotherapy for Patients who need to save their ovarian functien and reserve radiotherapv fov chemo-resistant tumor or recurrence alter che motherapy.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to improve efficiency and quality of the production of Korean Native Cow embryos. We examined effects of ovarian morphology and maturation vessel on the development and cell number of blastocysts. The development rates to the 2-cell embryos from oocytes collected from the ovaries of different morphological statues were similar ranging between 70.3 and 84.1%. The development rate to the 8 cell- and blastocyst-stage embryos was the highest in the group without both corpus luteum (CL) and follicle. The inner cell mass (ICM), trophectoderm (TE) and total cell number (TCN) were significantly higher in the groups of follicular cyst and regressive CL than other treatment groups, and the same pattern was observed in the ICM/TCN ratio. The development rate to the 2-cell stage was significantly higher in 0.5-㎖ straw group than 0.25-㎖ straw group. However, the development rates to the blastocyst stage were similar between the dish and the straw group. There were no differences in the number of ICM and TE cells, TCN and ICM/TCN ratio of blastocysts from oocytes matured in the different vessels.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) are widely used to treat central precocious puberty (CPP). The efficacy and safety of GnRHa treatment are known, but concerns regarding long-term complications are increasing. Follow-up observation results after GnRHa treatment cessation in female CPP patients up to adulthood showed that treatment (especially <6 years) was beneficial for final adult height relative to that of pretreated or untreated patients. Puberty was recovered within 1 year after GnRHa treatment discontinuation, and there were no abnormalities in reproductive function. CPP patients had a relatively high body mass index (BMI) at the time of CPP diagnosis, but BMI standard deviation score maintenance during GnRHa treatment seemed to prevent the aggravation of obesity in many cases. Bone mineral density decreases during GnRHa treatment but recovers to normal afterwards, and peak bone mass formation through bone mineral accretion during puberty is not affected. Recent studies reported a high prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome in CPP patients after GnRHa treatment, but it remains unclear whether the cause is the reproductive mechanism of CPP or GnRHa treatment itself. Studies of the psychosocial effects on CPP patients after GnRHa treatment are very limited. Some studies have reported decreases in psychosocial problems after GnRHa treatment. Overall, GnRHa seems effective and safe for CPP patients, based on long-term follow-up studies. There have been only a few long-term studies on GnRHa treatment in CPP patients in Korea; therefore, additional long-term follow-up investigations are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of GnRHa in the Korean population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.713-717
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• 2016

Background: To evaluate the prevalence and features of other gynecologic or surgical lesions in endometrial cancer (EMC) patients. Materials and Methods: Clinico-pathological data of EMC patients who were treated in the institution from 1995 to 2012 were collected. Data collected were age, stage of disease according to the FIGO 2009 criteria (FIGO), histopathology, tumor grade, adjuvant therapy, other gynecologic or surgical lesions, follow-up period, and living status. Results: The mean age of 396 patients was $56.7{\pm}10.64years$. Abnormal uterine bleeding was the most common presenting symptom (90.1%). Bleeding was accompanied with pelvic mass in 7.7% and 5.4% had only a pelvic mass. Abnormal cervical cytology was found in 3.8%. Approximately 75% had early stage diseases and 86% had endometrioid histology. We found 55.8% of EMC patients had other gynecologic lesions: 89.6% benign and 9.5% malignant. Some 4.5% had pre-invasive cervical/vulva/vagina lesions. The two most common gynecologic lesions were myoma uteri and ovarian tumors. Focusing on the latter, approximately 14% were benign while 8% were malignant. Among 364 patients with available data, surgical lesions were found in 11.8%, 5.7% benign and 9.2% malignant. The most common benign surgical condition was chronic appendicitis while breast and colon cancers were the two most common malignant lesions found. Conclusions: More than half of EMC patients had other gynecologic lesions including benign and malignant tumors. Surgical lesions were also found in more than one-tenth of patients. Careful pre-operative evaluation and intra-operative inspection are advised for proper management and better prognosis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.323-331
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• 2003

We performed this study to determine the late biological effect of gamma radiation and effect of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang (BZYQT), a prescription of traditional Oriental medicine, on radiation-induced late biological effect (survival, hematological change, carcinogenesis) of mice irradiated with 3 Gy of gamma-radiation. There were little difference in body weights between normal and irradiated mice. Survival rate were decreased in irradiated mice and the survival rate and mean survival time of the groups treated with BZYQT were far better than the irradiation control group. A significant elevation of total leukocyte or lymphocyte counts was seen at week 4 and 12 of the group treated with BZYQT. Stimulated recovery by the extract from BZYQT was also observed in thrombocyte. Main gross findings of irradiated mice were appeared as enlargement of spleen, thymus and liver, tumorous nodules of lung and cyst or mass of ovary. Microscopically, there were various findings including hematopoietic and lymphoid tumor, lung cancer, ovarian cancer and cancer of other lesions. BZYQT reduced the incidence of tumor development. Further studies are needed to characterize better the protective nature of ingredients and active compounds.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.882-887
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• 2014

We studied oocyte steroidogenesis in blacktip grouper Epinephelus fasciatus ovarian follicles during vitellogenesis. Vitellogenic oocytes with average diameters of 0.45, 0.48 and 0.50 mm were incubated in vitro in the presence of $[^3H]17{\alpha}$-hydroxyprogesterone as a precursor. The steroid metabolites were analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major metabolites in the vitellogenic oocytes were androstenedione ($A_4$), testosterone (T), estradiol-$17{\beta}$ ($E_2$), and estrone ($E_1$). The metabolites of androgen ($A_4$ and T) were higher in the 0.50-mm oocytes than in the 0.45- and 0.48-mm oocytes, while the estrogen metabolites (E2 and E1) were lower in the 0.50-mm oocytes. These results suggest that 0.50-mm oocytes are fully vitellogenic following initiation of the maturation process.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.392-396
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• 2003

Maysin, a C-glycosylflavone, was isolated from the silks of maize, Zea mays L. The ESI mass spectrum indicates that molecular weight of maysin is $577\textrm{M}^+$m/z, and the ether-linked sugar is rhamnose, $431\textrm{M}^+$m/z (MW$^{+}$-146). The DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of maysin was higher than that of rutin. However, as compared with its aglycon luteolin, maysin showed the relatively moderate DPPH scavenging activity mainly due to the glycosylation of two sugars moieties, keto-fucose and rhamnose. In the in vitro cytotoxicity test against the five human tumor cell lines such as lung (A549), ovarian (SK-OV-3), melanoma (SK-MEL-2), central nerve system (XF-489), and colon (HCT-15), maysin exhibited the relatively weaker activities than cisplatin. The $\textrm{ED}_{50}$ values of maysin were 62.24, 43.18, 16.83, 37.22, and 32.09/$m\ell$, respectively. Result suggests that maysin is a potential cytotoxicity compound, particularly for human colon, central nerve system, and melanoma tumors.s.