• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2005

Economy of scale would be one of the most important issues among organizations pursuing system integration projects. Cerntainly there are other benefits than cost reduction for achieving system integration. However. these benefits could not be achieved automatically. if system integration projects were undertaken without thoughtful planning. In this paper. we propose a framework for an effective system integration by (1) defining the objects(user interface. database. application. and server) and (2) considering the level of integration(physical integration and rational integration). Therefore. 6 types of integration can be considered. Five case studies of domestic organizations were reviewed to suggest various issues and solutions. Based on our case studies. we discovered that five integration types - EIP. EAI. ERP. BPM and System Reconsolidation - were most widely used.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to define 'housing welfare' which constitutes an important theme of discussion today and to present some future policy issues. Recently, the expression 'housing welfare' is widely used in our daily life and written in some laws, but its concept is still ambiguous. Housing welfare can be defined as 'the situation in which citizens gain access to a decent housing and adapt themselves well to the community life. In this context, the goals of housing welfare policy should be as follows: reduction of the number of households living below the minimum standard in housing, promotion of the right to housing, housing provision and management based on housing needs, linkage of housing and other welfare measures, realization of social integration and social justice. But, there are still some controversies on such questions as target group, moral hazard of beneficiaries, social equity, etc. To get all the policy alternatives more effective, efforts should be made to improve the general infrastructure of welfare policies, to prevent NIMBY phenomenon of local actors, and so on.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.94-106
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• 2004

Determining those gaps in agricultural and other information to improve agrometeorological analyses for agriculture is a large task. The effective integration of appropriate data systems, including remote sensing systems, with agricultural systems modelling capability is described as a worthy outcome in this endeavour. Data issues, including those associated with data length, quality, maintenance, and archiving remain serious issues to be addressed. The role of remote sensing and geographic information systems in agrometeorology is important and is explored here. The value of simulation models to provide the synthesis for future agrometeorological requirements is further elucidated.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.292-299
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• 1998

Placement of multiple dies on an MCM or high-performance VLSI substrate is a non-trivial task in which multiple criteria need to be considered simultaneously to obtain a true multi-objective optimization. Unfortunately, the exact physical attributes of a design are not known in the placement step until entire design process is carried out. When the performance issues are considered, crosstalk noise constraints in the form of net separation and via constraint become important. In this paper, for better performance and wirability estimation during placement for MCMs, several performance constraints are taken into account simultaneously. A graph-based wirability estimation along with the Genetic placement optimization technique is proposed to minimize crosstalk, crossing, wirelength and the number of layers. Our work is significant since it is the first attempt at bringing the crosstalk and other performance issues into the placement domain.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2017

In this paper, we introduce commercial indoor navigation systems being deployed and serviced in many fields of industry focusing on their indoor positioning technologies. Indoor positioning technology is a technology that locates people or targets in the interior of a building. To do that, it utilizes radio waves such as WiFi, and bluetooth, magnetic fields, or other sensory information from smart phones. We present indoor navigation systems categorizing them into their indoor positioning technologies. We define important performance issues for indoor positioning technologies and analyze them according to the performance issues. We believe that this paper provide wise view and necessary information for recent indoor navigation systems.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.513-521
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• 2020

Aging populations and the increasing mental health issues among them have set a new challenge for the international community, governments, and people. Given this, society's role is very important, and involving the local community in resolving the problems can play a pivotal role. The current study presented the systematic review of the financing mechanism and cost-effectiveness of the "social prescribing" (SP) project in the United Kingdom and how SP can be adapted for other settings. The data showed comparatively low running costs and the overall effectiveness of SP projects. The running cost of SP projects varied between £54,525 and £1.1 million. The cost-effectiveness of the projects reported as 12% and the return of investment was about 50% depending on the type of analysis and the activities implemented. This type of intervention can be one of the options that support solving the issues of aging populations and their accompanying mental disorders.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has been considered the most successful development in radiation oncology since the introduction of computed tomography into treatment planning that enabled three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy in 1980s. More than three decades have passed since the concept of inverse planning was first introduced in 1982, and IMRT has become the most important and common modality in radiation therapy. This review will present developments in inverse IMRT treatment planning and IMRT delivery using multileaf collimators, along with the associated key concepts. Other relevant issues and future perspectives are also presented.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.103-117
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• 1991

Two important sensitivity issues over shortest path problems have been discussed. One is the problem of updating shortest paths when nodes are added and when the lengths of some arcs are increased or decreased. The other is the problem of calculating arc tolerances, that is the maximum increase of decrease in the length of a single arc without changing a given optimal tree. In this paper, assuming that there exists a parameter of interest whose perturbation causes the simultaneous changes in arc lengths, we find the invariance condition on these simultaneous changes such that the shortest path between two specified nodes remains unchanged.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2004

We have studied the issues of the current math war in America. Traditionalists and the reformers have been arguing about the curriculums, teaching methods, use of calculators, basic skills, and assessment methods in K-12 mathematics. They both have strengths and weaknesses depending on the situation have contributed for the development of mathematics education. Instead of choosing between traditionalists and the reformist sides, we suggest to adopt an eclectic view point i.e., rigor and creativity, memorization and understanding that may seem at odds with each other are quite compatible and mutually reinforcing. Also teacher's deep knowledge in mathematics is extremely important as his/her knowledge in pedagogy.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.961-971
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• 2006

Shape controlled synthesis of inorganic nanocrystals is one of the important issues in materials chemistry due to their novel shape dependent properties. Although various shapes of nanocrystals have been developed, a systematic account on the shape control of these nanocrystals still remains an important subject in materials chemistry. In this article, we will overview the recent developments in the geometrical shape evolution of semiconductor and metal oxide nanocrystals obtained by nonhydrolytic synthetic methods. Many structurally unprecedented motifs have appeared as zero-dimesional (D) polyhedrons, one-D rods and wires, two-D plates and prisms, and other advanced shapes such as branched rods, stars, and inorganic dendrites. Important parameters which determine the geometrical shapes of nanocrystals are also illustrated. In addition, as a possible application of such nanocrystals for biomedical sciences, we further describe their utilizations for cancer diagnosis through nanocrystal-assisted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).