• KSBB Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 1991

The media compositions and culture conditions were optimized for mycelial growth of Coriolus versicolor and Lentinus edodes. Media composition for optimal growth of Coriolus versicolor was 2.0% glucose 0.4% peptone and 0.6% yeast extract. Media composition for optimal growth of Lenttnus edodes was 2.0% glucose 2.0% starch 0.4% bacto-soytone and 0.6% yeast extract. The media supplemented with KH2PO4, 0.046% KH2PO4 0.1% and MgSO4, .7H2O 0.05% supported better mycelial growth than the media without mineral salts. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth ranged from $25^{\circ}C$-28$^{\circ}C$. The optimum pH range for mycelial growth of Coriolus versicolor was 5.2~5.6 while that of Lentinus edodes appeared to be 5.75.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.126-130
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• 2004

This study was carred out to get the basic conditions for the mycelial growth of Morchella esculenta in shaking flask culture. The optimal temperature and initial pH of mycelial growth of Morchella escuzenta were 25$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$ and 6.5, respectively. The optimal medium was BG medium. Among the carbon sources tested, fructose was favorable for the mycelial growth and optimal fructose concentration was 5.0% (w/v). As nitrogen sources, peptone and NH$_4$Cl appeared to be favorable and optimal concentration was 4.0% [(w/v), ratio of 1:1].

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.492-497
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• 2003

This study was carried out to get the basic data for the mycelial growth of Lentinus lepideus in liquid culture. The optimal temperature and initial pH of mycelial growth of Lentinus lepideus were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.5, respectively. The optimal medium was YMG medium. Among the carbon sources tested, glucose was effected to the mycelial growth and optimal glucose concentration was 4% (w/v). As nitrogen sources, malt extract and yeast extract appeared to be favorable and optimal malt extract and yeast extract [ratio (w/w) of 1:1] concentration was 1.5% (w/v).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.845-848
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• 2016

The effects of temperature and irradiance on the growth of Ulva prolifera O.F. $M{\ddot{u}ller$ (Chlorophyta), which has been used commercially as food in Korea, were examined in laboratory culture to conserve the strain. Experiments were conducted under combined factors of temperatures of 5, 10, 15, 20 and $25^{\circ}C$ and irradiances of 30, 50, 80 and $100{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$. The maximum growth of the U. prolifera germlings was observed at $20^{\circ}C$ and $80{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$, and the minimum growth was recorded at $5^{\circ}C$ and $100{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$. Considering these results, the species appears to survive under wide ranges of temperature and irradiance, although growth is inhibited by high irradiances of over $100{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$. This appears to be due to the in situ habitat niche of Ulva prolifera, which is the middle to lower intertidal zone. In conclusion, optimal conditions for the long-term conservation of Ulva prolifera can be established under relatively low temperatures ($5^{\circ}C$) and high irradiance ($100{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$), while the optimal conditions for mass production are $20^{\circ}C$ and $80{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.3415-3423
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• 1996

The compact tension specimen geometry has been widely used for measuring fatigue crack growth rates at elevated temperature when the fatigue load is under tension/tension condition. However, most of the elevated temperature components which have significant crack growth life experience fatigue load under tension/compression conditions. Thus test techniques are required since the compact tension specimen cannot be used for tension/compression loading. In this paper, a simplified test procedure for measureing fatigue crack growth rates is proposed, which employs a round bar specimen with a small surface crack. Fatigue crack growth rates under tension/ tension loading conditions at elevated temperature were measured according to the proposed procedure and compared with those previously measured by C/(T) specimens. Since both the measured crack growth rates were comparable, the fatigue crack growth rates under tension/ compression load can be reliably measured by the proposed procedure. For monitoring crack depth. DC electric potential method is employed and an optimal probe location and current input conditions were proposed.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 2004

A chitinase-producing bacterium was isolated from seashore mud around Beobseongpo in Chunmam province through the use of a selective enrichment culture. The best chitinase producing strain was isolated and identified as Serratia marcescens KY from its characteristics. For effective production of chitinase, optimum pH, temperature, and agitation speed were investigated in flask cultures. The optimum pH using Serratia marcescens KY was between pH 6 and 7 and the chitinase produced was 37.9 unit/mL. On the other hand, the optimal pH of the Serratia marcescens ATCC 27117 was 7.5, and the produced amount of chitinase was 35.2 unit/mL. The optimal temperature for chitinase production for Serratia marcescens KY and Serratia marcescens ATCC 27117 was $30^{\circ}$. The cell growth pattern at different temperature was almost identical to the chitinase production. To investigate the optimal shaking speed under optimal culture, speeds were varied in the range of 0∼300 rpm. The maximum production of chitinase was carried at 200 rpm although the cell growth was the highest at 150 rpm. It indicates that oxygen adjustment is required for the maximum chitinase production. Using optimal conditions, batch cultures for comparing Serratia marcescens KY and Serratia marcescens ATCC 27117 were carried out in a 5 L fermentor. The oxygen consumption was increased with the increase of culture. Especially, at 120 h of culture Serratia marcescens KY and Serratia marcescens ATCC 27117 produced 38.3 unit/mL, and 33.5 unit/mL, respectively.

• Mycobiology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.88-92
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• 2008

Vegetative growth of four different strains of Hericium erinaceus was observed. The temperature suitable for optimal mycelial growth was determined to be $25^{\circ}C$, with growth observed in the extend temperature range of $20{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. The different strains of this mushroom showed distinct pH requirements for their optimum vegetative growth, with the most favorable growth observed at pH 6. Considering vegetative mycelial growth, PDA, YM, Hennerberg, Hamada, and Glucose peptone were the most favorable media, and Czapek Dox, Hoppkins, Glucose tryptone, and Lilly were the most unfavorable media for these mushroom strains. With the exception of lactose, most of the carbon sources assayed demonstrated favorable vegetative growth of H. erinaceus. For mycelial growth, the most suitable nitrogen source was alanine and the most unsuitable was histidine. Oak sawdust medium supplemented with $10{\sim}20%$ rice bran was the best for mycelial growth of the mushroom.

• Mycobiology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2008

Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst (Polyporaceae), belonging to basidiomycota, is one of the most famous medicinal mushrooms. This study was carried out to investigate favorable mycelial growth conditions, such as pH, temperature, growth media, carbon sources and nitrogen sources of Korean strains in G. lucidum. The most suitable temperature for the mycelial growth was obtained at $30^{\circ}C$. In general, optimal temperature range for the mycelial growth was found at $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. This Mushroom has a broad pH range ($5{\sim}9$) for its mycelial growth and mostly favorable growth was found at pH 5. Generally, Hamada, Glucose peptone, YM, Mushroom complete and Lilly media were the most suitable for the mycelial growth of G. lucidum. Among 10 different carbon sources, dextrin, galactose and fructose were best but the rest of other carbon sources also facilitated the growth of mycelia. The most suitable nitrogen sources were ammonium acetate, glycine, arginine and calcium nitrate, but to a certain extent, all of the supplemented nitrogen sources also stimulated the mycelial growth.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2003

To obtain the basic information on culture conditions for the larvae of Saxidomus purpuratus, experiments were conducted on the population from southern coast for (1) the success in fertilization and development from artificial fertilization among different months of a year, (2) the viability of sperms after exposure to seawater, (3) and the effects of temperature, salinity, and food organism on the survival and growth of larvae. Gametes obtained from dissection showed high rate of fertilization at all months. But the rate of development was higher only May-July. Developmental success seemed to be related with the quality of eggs at the time of fertilization. Developmental times for 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, blastula, trochophore larva, and veliger larva at 20$^{\circ}C$ were 1.5, 2, 4, 18, 24, and 32 hr, respectively. Sperms could survive for more than 8 hr, however, actively swimming sperms could be found within 1 hr after exposure to seawater. It is recommended that sperms should be used for fertilization as soon as possible when they are exposed to seawater. At temperature of 35$^{\circ}C$, all the larvae died during 48 hr. Larval survival decreased when salinity was either lower than 20 psu or higher than 40 psu, and was 0% when salinity was 10 psu. Optimal range of temperature and salinity for rearing larvae of S. purpuratus were 20-25$^{\circ}C$ and 20-40 psu, respectively. Larvae grew from 111.5 to 235.3 ${\mu}$m during 21 days. Larvae fed mixed diets grew faster than unialgal diets. The fastest growth was observed when larvae were fed on the mixture of Isochrysis galbana and Nannochloris oculata.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.85-89
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• 2009

For the purpose of the methodological development to convert the food wastes into resources, we have attempted to culture the mushroom hypha, Pleurotus ostreatus. The food-wastes were mixed with distilled water, and the mixture was autoclaved to produce fluid, which was centrifugated and used as the growth media. Concentrations of the food wastes extracts were prepared with 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%(W/V), and the initial pH were set variously with 4, 5, 6, and 7. These were cultured for 9 days at the temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ and the rotation rate of 120 rpm. The result is that the fluid form of the mushroom hypha have been grown best at the concentration of 30% and the optimal pH was 5 and 6.