• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.322-328
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• 2015

Three feeding trials were conducted to investigate the optimal feeding rates of subadult Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli at low, optimal and high water temperatures. In Exp-I, triplicate groups of fish (248 g) were fed a commercial diet (CD) with five different feeding rates of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% body weight per day for 10 weeks at the low temperature ($11.6-15.2^{\circ}C$). In Exp-II, fish (129 g) were fed the same CD with five different feeding rates of 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 2.0% body weight per day for 10 weeks at the optimal temperature ($16.0-18.8^{\circ}C$). In Exp-III, fish (85.7 g) were fed the same CD with five different feeding rates of 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 2.0% body weight per day for 12 weeks at the high temperature ($21.0-28.5^{\circ}C$). The optimal feeding rates in the low, optimal, and high water temperatures were estimated to be 0.56%, 0.93% and 1.17% body weight per day, respectively, for subadult Korean rockfish.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.1461-1466
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• 2000

The use of the dairy male calf for beef production has been found to be economically unprofitable during the past due to high cost of feeds and relatively low beef price. However, due to current shortage of domestic beef supply and rising beef price, this research aimed to assess feeding methods and costs and returns in raising dairy male calves for beef production under changing economic conditions. Two diets were compared: calves on an optimal feeding level were given milk replacer for 44 d and a concentrate (with ad lib. hay) to 150 kg bodyweight that contained 16% crude protein; those given a sub-optimal diet, more appropriate for smallholder farms, received milk replacer for 30 d and 14% CP concentrate. Twelve pairs of dairy male calves (average age 32 days) of Holstein-Friesian high grades were used, each pair having similar influencing factors such as weight, age, and genotype. Each animal was kept in a separate feeding stall until reaching the final weight of 150 kg. The results from this experiment showed that the differences of traits concerning growth performance and feed efficiency of the animals raised under the two feeding regimes were statistically nonsignificant. The optimal group was just slightly better, but the cost of production of the sub-optimal group was 24 percent lower (4,667 vs. 6,144 baht per animal) and the cost difference was highly significant. The results from this investigation showed that beef production from dairy male calves can be economically viable when sub-optimal feeding method is used and market beef price is at current level.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.327-332
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• 1999

A highly productive fed-batch fermentation process was developed for the production of L-ornithine by using a new stabilized strain, Breviabcterium ketoglutamicum BK52. Fed-batch cultures with a continuous feeding of the complex medium were conducted on various operating conditions. The optimal concentration of phosphate in the complex medium was 2.1g/L. The optimal feeding rate of L-arginine was 0.028g/L/hr. The optimal feeding point of the complex medium was determined to be at 40 OD of the cell mass. The final L-ornithine concentrations within 64hrs of cultivation in 5 and 50 liter fermenters were 73g/L and 71g/L, respectively. The maximum overall L-ornithine productivity was 1.14g/L/hr which was about 2 times higher than that of the conventional fed-batch culture with intermittent feeding. The overall productivity of the fermentation system is remarkably improved by employing the optimized conditions, and it offers a significant potential for industrial application.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2010

Early nutritional support for preterm infants is critical because such support influences long-term outcome. Minimal enteral feeding should be initiated as soon as possible if an infant is stable and if feeding advancement is recommended as relevant to the clinical course. Maternal milk is the gold standard for enteral feeding, but fortification may be needed to achieve optimal growth in a rapidly growing premature infant. Erythromycin may aid in promoting gastrointestinal motility in cases that exhibit feeding intolerance. Selected preterm infants need vitamins, mineral supplements, and calorie enhancers to meet their nutritional needs. Despite all that is known about this topic, additional research is needed to guide postdischarge nutrition of preterm infants in order to maintain optimal growth and neurodevelopment.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.393-399
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• 1997

This study proposes a methodology with which the optimal damper positions of the feeding system in a CD-ROM drive are determined to removal the harmful tilting vibration modes. For this purpose, vibration characteristics of the feeding system are identified by a theoretical modeling as well as vibration experiments. We perform the modal testings using the impact hammer and shaker; furthermore, we establish a vibration model due to the rigid-body motion. The analysis and experiments show that the feeding system has three rigid-body vibration modes in the low-frequency region and two of them come from the tilting modes. We show that the tilting modes can be removed by determining the damper positions.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.12
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• pp.466-470
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• 2016

Early, aggressive nutrition is an important contributing factor of long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. To ensure optimal growth in premature infants, adequate protein intake and optimal protein/energy ratio should be emphasized rather than the overall energy intake. Minimal enteral nutrition should be initiated as soon as possible in the first days of life, and feeding advancement should be individualized according to the clinical course of the infant. During hospitalization, enteral nutrition with preterm formula and fortified human milk represent the best feeding practices for facilitating growth. After discharge, the enteral nutrition strategy should be individualized according to the infant's weight at discharge. Infants with suboptimal weight for their postconceptional age at discharge should receive supplementation with human milk fortifiers or nutrient-enriched feeding, and the enteral nutrition strategy should be reviewed and modified continuously to achieve the target growth parameters.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.339-355
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• 2005

Nutrient balance is important to develop environmentally friendly agriculture. Phosphorus surplus in nutrient balance was more serious than that of nitrogen. Nitrogen and phosphorus exceeded twice the requirement at 30 cities/counties and 32 among 165, respectively. Given livestock waste and optimal nutrient balance, the proper number of animal feeding was 1.68LU/ha. Considering livestock waste only, the optimal number of livestock feeding was 3,918,000LU (heads) and, including fertilizer that would be 2,288,000LU. It is recommended to introduce the regional control system to regulate nutrient input and output, and the trading system of livestock feeding rights to control that.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.80-83
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• 1982

A quarter-wavelength open circuited microstripline slot array is realized at X-band froquency. The optimal feeding point is experimentally determined. The input impedance of the slot array for various frequencies and its radiation pattern are measured. The bandwidth of the slot array is increased by using the 4$\times$4 elements which are slightly different in length and feeding network which is suggested in this papers.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.299-303
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• 2008

A 6 and 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine optimal feeding rate for parrot fish Oplegnathus fasciatus during the low temperature season. To estimate the optimal feeding rate calculated by weight growth rate, one year (mean body weight: 62.7 g) and the two year old parrot fish (mean body weight: 344.7 g) were stocked under low water temperature conditions. The optimal feeding rates in low water temperature condition of $15^{\circ}C$ were calculated as 1.61% of body weight (90% of satiation level) for the one year of 62 g, and calculated as 0.28% of body weight (80% of satiation level) for the two years old fish.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.1248-1250
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• 2002

AC AT feeding system is possible to do the long distance feeding due to compensate the voltage drop. Nowaday this is a typical and efficient type all over the world in high speed train and heavy transport capacity. Normally a Auto-transformer is installed at regular internal (5 to 10km) between Substation and Sectioning post, this study is reviewed the voltage drop according to train movement and the optimal location of auto transformer, and provided the efficient feeding configuration.