• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.639-645
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• 2019

In the present study, a Spirometra species of Tanzania origin obtained from an African leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) was identified based on molecular analysis of cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (nad1) as well as by morphological observations of an adult tapeworm. One strobila and several segments of a Spirometra species were obtained from the intestine of an African male leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) in the Maswa Game Reserve of Tanzania. The morphological characteristics of S. theileri observed comprised 3 uterine loops on one side and 4 on the other side of the mid-line, a uterine pore situated posterior to the vagina and alternating irregularly either to the right or left of the latter, and vesicular seminis that were much smaller than other Spirometra species. Sequence differences in the cox1 and nad1 genes between S. theileri (Tanzania origin) and S. erinaceieuropaei were 10.1% (cox1) and 12.0% (nad1), while those of S. decipiens and S. ranarum were 9.6%, 9.8% (cox1) and 13.0%, 12.6% (nad1), respectively. The morphological features of the Tanzania-origin Spirometra specimens coincided with those of S. theileri, and the molecular data was also consistent with that of S. theileri, thereby demonstrating the distribution of S. theileri in Tanzania. This places the leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) as new definitive hosts of this spirometrid tapeworm.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2004

울산 인근의 하수처리장에서 채집된 섬모충류가 겹가지섬모충과(Epistylidae)에 속하는 원반겹가지섬모충 (Epistylis chrysemydis)과 겹가지섬모충 (Epistylis entzii)으로 각각 동정되었다. 이 종들은 DIC 현미경을 이용하여 생체관찰하였으며, Protagol로 염색하여 세부형질을 관찰하였다. E. chrysemydis는 위구부의 위구순에는 2개의 bulge가 있으며, 섬모열은 위구부에서 11/2바퀴를 돌고, 1개의 수축포는 배쪽에 위치하며, 줄기가 텅 비어 있는 형태이다. 구부막판 1과 3의 끝이 구부막판 2보다 길다. 반면에 E. entzii는 위구부의 위구순에는 1개의 bulge가 있으며 섬모열은 위구부에서 11/4-11/3바퀴를 돈다. 수축포는 등쪽에 위치하며 줄기는 꽉 찬 형태이다. 구부막판 1과 2의 끝이 구부막판 3보다 길다. 이종들은 한국에서 처음 보고된다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2015

진균에 의한 오염은 재배사에서 톱밥 배지를 이용한 표고 재배에 중대한 영향을 미치기 때문에 표고 재배사 실내 공기에 존재하는 진균에 대한 모니터링을 수행하던 중 여러 진균을 분리하였다. 분리된 진균 중에는 국내 미기록인 Aspergillus pulverulentus와 Cosmospora butyri 등 2종을 비롯하여 기록은 있으나 균학적 확증이 부족한 Lecanicillium psalliotae와 L. antillanum 등 2종이 존재하였다. 본 논문에서는 이들 균류에 대한 형태적 특성과 더불어 internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA region 또는 ${\beta}$-tubulin 유전자 염기서열에 기반한 계통학적 분석 결과를 기술하였다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2014

Commonly known as the button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus is one of the most widely cultivated mushroom species of edible fungi. In the breeding of new button mushroom, Seolwon was developed by crossing two homokaryons. Because of the predominantly pseudohomothallic life cycle, only a small percentage of homokaryotic meiospores are produced, which do not fruit. Homokaryotic cultures derived from these types of single spores produce a vegetative mycelium that contain a variable number of genetically identical nuclei per cell. After crossing two homokaryons, hybrids were cultivated on a small scale and on a commercial scale at a farm. The spawn was made by a commercial spawn producer and the spawned compost by a commercial compost producer. Mycelial growth of Seolwon on CDA was better at $25^{\circ}C$ when it was compared with that of Seolgang. The mature cap shape of new strain Seolwon is oblate spheroid and the immature cap shape is round to oblate spheroid. The cap diameter was 39.7 mm on average. In comparison with white strain Seolgang, the strain had a yield that was 11% higher. It produced fruiting bodies which had a higher weight on average per fruiting body and were 9.7% firmer with a good shelf life. Days of fruiting body were 1-2 days later than those of Seolgang. The physical characteristics such as springiness, chewiness, adhesiveness, gumminess were better than that of Seolgang.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2013

Rhus verniciflua Stokes (Anacadiaceae) is a plant that is native to East Asian countries, such as Korea, China, and Japan, and it has been found to exert various biological activities including antioxidative, anti-aggregatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and apoptotic effects. Sulfuretin is one of the major flavonoid component isolated from the heartwood of R. verniciflua. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced via dental adhesive bleaching agents and pulpal disease, can cause oxidative stress. In the present study, we isolated sulfuretin from R. verniciflua and demonstrated that sulfuretin possesses cytoprotective effects against hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-induced dental cell death. $H_2O_2$ is a representative ROS and causes cell death through necrosis in human dental pulp (HDP) cells. $H_2O_2$-induced cytotoxicity and production of ROS were blocked in the presence of sulfuretin, and these effects were dose dependent. Sulfuretin also increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression. In addition, to determine whether sulfuretin-induced HO-1 expression mediated this cytoprotective effect, HDP cells were cotreated with sulfuretin in the absence or presence of SnPP, an inhibitor of HO activity. Sulfuretin-dependent HO-1 expression was required for suppression of $H_2O_2$-induced HDP cell death and ROS generation. These results indicate that sulfuretin-dependent HO-1 expression was required for the inhibition of $H_2O_2$-induced cell death and ROS generation. In addition, sulfuretin may be used to prevent functional dental cell death and thus may be useful as a pulpal disease agent.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.77-91
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• 1981

본연구(本硏究)는 원색(原色) 한국산(韓國産) 버섯도감발행사업(圖鑑發行事業)을 위하여 1980年 9月 1일부터 1981년(年년) 8월(月) 31일(日)까지 1년간(年間) 경기도 광양(京畿遵 光陸)을 주(主)로 하고 경기도(京畿道) 용문산(龍門山), 강원도(江原道) 치악산(稚岳山), 충청북도(忠淸北道) 속리산(俗離山), 경상남도(慶尙南道) 지리산(智異山), 전라남도(全羅南道) 무등산(無等山), 제주도(濟州道) 한라산(漢拏山), 등지(等地)에서 신선(新鮮)한 고등균류(高等菌類)를 채집(採集) 촬영(撮影)하여 원색(原色)슬라이드와와 건조표본(乾燥標本)을 작성(作成)하고 분류(分類)하였다. 조사(調査)된 결과(結果)에 의하면 우리나라에서 밝혀진 총고등균류수(總高等菌類數) 620여종중(餘種中) 흔히 볼 수 있는 균류(菌類) 151종(種)의 원색(原色)슬라이드와 분류상(分類上)의 검색표(檢索表)를 완성(完成)하였다. 이들은 2강(綱), 37과(科), 89속(屬), 149종(種), 1변종(變種), 1품종(品種)에 속(屬)하고 또 이들의 세계적분포(世界的分布)가 밝혀졌다. 그들중 Aleuria aurantia (Fr.) Fuckel, 자등색 들주발버섯, Patella scutellata (St. Amans) Lambotte, 분홍작은 접시버섯, Calocora viscosa Fr., 등황색끈적 싸리버섯, Hygrocybe turunda (Fr.) Karst., 조면 무명버섯, Suillus pictus (Peck) Smith et Thiers, 붉은 비단 그물 버섯, Marasmius purpureostriatus Hongo, 자주 색줄 낙엽버섯, Pleurocybella porrigens (Fr.) Sing., 넓은 옆버섯, Lepiota bresadoiae Schulzer, 과립갓버섯, Russula aurata Fr., 금무당 버섯, Lactarius hygrophoroides Berk. et Br., 넓은 갓 젖버섯, Thelephora multipartita Fr., 많은가지 사마귀버섯, Inonotus mikadoi (Lloyd) Imaz, 황갈색시루뻔버섯, Antrodia mollis (Sommerf.) Karst, 구멍 주름버섯, Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imaz. 일본 불노초, Tyromyces lacteus (Fr.) Murr. 젖색 개떡버섯 등(等) 15종(種)은 한국산말기녹종(韓國産末記錄種)이며, 그 보통명(普通名)과 기재(記載)가 붙혀졌다. 본논문(本論文)에서는 예정(豫定)대로 151종(種)의 균류중(菌類中) 원색도감(原色圖鑑) 1면(面)만을 게재(揭載)하였다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 1959

The bamboo, one of staples of South-East Asia, has 1, 250 species in 46 Genus throughout the world South-East Asia, it's main habitat, has 1, 180 species, while South America has about 70 species or so. Major places of it's production in Asia are Korea, southern China, Japan, Malay, Ceylon, Formosa, and Philipine, but of these, Korea, southern China, and Japan are the most famous places for their production of excellant bamboo. In Korea, Kyongsang-Namdo and Cholla-Namdo are known as it's home, occupying 80 per cent of the total area of bamboo production in this country. Kyongsang-Pukdo, Cholla-Pukdo, Chungehong-Namdo, and Kangwon-do are also known as it's minor production. The importance of the bamboo can not be ignored, considering it's role in the industrial development of this country; the bamboo-ware is indispensable for the culture of laver which annually secures a considerable amount of foreign money. But it has long been regreted that the home-made bamboo-ware is far from being able to meet the ever increasing demand in quantity and is forced to be imported annually. In the light of the above mentioned fact, much interested; I undertook the task of investigating the bamboo in this country, Primarily concerned in it's kind and distribution, and could draw the following conclusions as the first phase of my investigation: (1). The amount of the bamboo accumulation in this country, compared with that of pre-worldwar II, is reduced as much as 300, 000 fagots(on fagot amounts to 25 pieces), and now the acreage of the bamboo field is 32, 200$\textrm{km}^2$s. (2). At a mountian peak in Kunoe-myon Wando-kun Cholla-Namdo, I found out a new specis. (Shasamorpha chiisanensis NAKAI Forma wan-Ponia H. P. CHONG) (3). The kinds of the autogenous wild bamboo in this country are as follows; a). 8 kinds in Sinoarundinaria. (5 Spp; 2 For; 1 Var) b). 1 kinds in Pieioplastus. (1 Spp) c). 2 kinds in Pseudosasa. (1 Spp; 1Var.) d) 4 kinds in Sasamorpha. (2 Spp; 1 For.; 1 Var.) e). 4 kinds in Sasa. (4 Spp) In total there are nineteen(19) kinds of autogenous wild bamboo in this country. When adding to this thethirty five (35) species which the japanese has transplanted in Kyongsang-Namdo Forestry Expreimental stations, there are in all fifty four (54) spe ies in this country. (4). As for the distribution of the Northern limitation of the bamboo growing, I found that Sinoarundinaria nigra OHWI var, Henonis HONDA can be cultivated as for as Kosongkun, Kangwon-Do, andSinoarundinaria pubescens HONDA as for as Clung Chong Namdo, and Sinoarundinaria reticulata as far as chung Chong-Pukdo.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.455-460
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• 2017

2016년에 1종이 추가로 보고되어, 현재 한국 연안에는 총 4종의 바다뱀이 분포하고 있다. 기후변화 등으로 한국 연안에 바다뱀의 년 중 서식 가능성이 높아지고 있으나 인적, 물적 한계로 인하여 관련연구가 미비한 상태이다. 국내 연안 내 바다뱀 분포에 대한 정보 및 샘플을 시민의 활동을 통해 확보하기 위하여 한반도의 해안지역과 제주도에 제보를 권하는 바다뱀 포스터와 현수막을 게시하고 제보를 접수하였다. 연구수행결과 2013년 3월부터 2016년 12월 사이 45건의 신뢰성 있는 제보가 접수되었다. 바다뱀 제보는 18건으로 주로 제주도와 남해안에서 접수되었으며, 시기적으로는 8-11월 사이가 많았다. 총 3종 18건의 바다뱀 분포정보와 2종 13개체의 포획이 가능하였다. 바다뱀의 오제보는 27건이었는데, 육지뱀이 7건, 어류가 18건, 무척추동물과 사물이 각 1건이었다. 자료를 바탕으로 시민을 활용한 효율적 바다뱀 조사방법에 대한 제언을 하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제35S권11호
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• pp.88-95
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• 1998

본 논문은 인공생명 기법을 이용하여 생물의 정보처리 시스템을 구현하고자 하는 것이다. 자연계의 생물은 그 자체로 훌륭한 정보처리 시스템이다. 생물체는 하나의 생식 세포로부터 발생된다. 또한 이 개체의 종은 진화의 과정을 통해 환경에 적응한다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 생물학적인 발생과 진화의 개념을 이용하여 신경망을 설계하는 방법을 제안한다. 생물체의 개체발생은 발생모델의 하나인 셀룰라 오토마다(CA)를 통하여 구현하였고 진화과정은 진화 알고리즘(EAs)을 사용하였다. 우리는 이와 같이 구현한 '진화하는 셀룰라 오토마타 신경망'을 줄여서 ECANS1이라 명명하였다. 셀 사이의 연결은 CA 법칙에 의하여 결정되며, 셀의 초기 패턴이 진화함으로써 유용한 신경망을 찾아낸다. 신경망의 각 셀 즉 뉴런은 생물의 발화 ${\cdot}$ 비발화의 특성을 갖는 카오스 뉴런 모델을 사용하였다. 그리고 신경마의 최종 출력값은 뉴런의 발화 빈도로서 나타내었다. 제안한 방법은 Exclusive-OR 문제 및 패리티 문제에 적용함으로써 그 유효성을 검증하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.190-195
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• 2004

A new technology for advanced wastewater treatment was developed using a modified Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) process, named as Rotating Activated Bacillus Contactor (RABC) process that utilizes Bacillus sp., the facultatively anaerobic or activated microaerophilic bacteria on multiple-stage reticular rotating carriers, as a predominant species. The RABC process for a municipal wastewater with relatively low concentrations of organics, nitrogen, and phosphorus showed stable and high removal efficiencies, less than $BOD_5$ 10 mg/L, T-N 15 mg/L, and T-P 1.5 mg/L in final effluent. The performance load of RABC process was shown to be $1.23kg{\cdot}BOD/m^2{\cdot}day$ for the first stage (average $0.31kg{\cdot}BOD/m^2{\cdot}day$ for the total stages) based on both removed BOD and converted disc area corresponding to the reticular one. The sludge produced in the RABC process is characterized by low generation rate (about $0.18kg{\cdot}MLSS/kg{\cdot}BOD$) and excellent settleability. The number ratio of Bacillus ($2.4{\times}10^6CFU/ml$) to heterotrophic bacteria ($3.6{\times}10^7CFU/ml$) inhabiting in the biofilms of the RABC process was 6.7 %, indicating that Bacillus sp. was a predominant species in the biofilms. The RABC process with reticular rotating carriers showed its excellent performance for the advanced wastewater treatment without any offensive odor problem due to organic overloading.