• Journal of Genetic Medicine
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2010

염색체 microarray 검사는 유전체 전체를 한번에 검색하여 초현미경적인 염색체 이상을 매우 정밀하고 정확하게 검출할 수 있다. 외국에서는 현재 자주 활용되는 임상 진단 검사로 자리잡았고, 염색체 검사 또는 표적 부위를 검출하는 FISH 검사나 PCR 기반의 분자유전학적 방법을 대체하고 있다. 최근 발표된 consensus 들은 염색체 microarray 검사를 비특이적인 다발성 기형, 발달지연 또는 정신지체, 자폐증상질환의 환자에서는 염색체 검사보다 먼저 시행할 수 있는 검사로 제안하였다. 염색체 microarray 검사는 핵형 분석에서 검출된 염색체 불균형을 검증하기 위해 염색체 검사에 보조적으로 활용할 수 있고, 염색체 이상에 대한 보다 정확하고 종합적인 분석이 가능하다. 그러나 염색체 microarray 검사는 균형재배열의 염색체 이상과 low-level 모자이시즘을 검출하기 어렵고, 임상적 중요성이 불명확한 CNV에 대한 해석과 검사비용이 고가라는 한계점이 있다. 이러한 이유로 인해 현재로서는 염색체 microarray 검사가 산전 진단 목적으로는 고식적인 염색체 검사를 대신할 수는 없다는 의견이다. 임상검사실에서 염색체 microarray 검사 시행 시, 유전학적 및 세포유전학적 지식과 경험이 결과 분석과 해석 과정에서 요구되며, 적절한 검증 과정 단계와 유전상담이 동반되어야 한다.

• 초등상담연구
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.205-226
• /
• 2008

The purpose of the study you have seen is to verify the effectiveness of existing quantitative research and to put the Empathy Training Program to practical use for participating children. From looking into this, the changes in empathic understanding that came to light in relationships between teacher and children and children and children are sure to have that effect. For this work, I established the following subject of inquiry: What kind of changing processes can be seen in the empathic understanding of participating children in the Empathy Training Program? To resolve the above line of inquiry, six female sixth grade elementary school students were chosen and they progressed through twelve sessions of the Empathy Training Program. The children were given a sentence completion exam, recognition work, neat writing exam and a school adaptation exam both before and after participation in the program, making data for analysis. To analyze, first, participants had one or two meetings of forty to fifty minutes each. Progress through the program's curriculum was recorded and through the repeating and copying method, to be sure participating children's empathic understanding was revealed, empathic language and behavior was routinely chosen. Next, according the above criteria I looked into visible changes of the participating children's empathic expressions, classifying and analyzing changes in empathic understanding and six instances of common changes in the emphatic understanding of the participants relationships were analyzed and put together. Next I will summarize the findings we have seen in this research: First, if we look into changes in common empathic understanding from the beginning, using the criteria of empathic language, each individual showed understanding at the beginning and passed and progressed through stages of care, insight and emotional expressions. Second, when we looked at the criteria of empathic behavior from the beginning to the end, one's line of vision and ability to concentrate one's attention was connected. Next, the act of nodding one's head looked like a brief nod at first but at the end, it was not just a simple nod but rather they could feel deep empathy. The condition and substance of the facial expression was seen to match and at the very end the child was expressive and stretched out arms to hold and pat the other person and the act of holding hands could also be seen. Among lots of empathic behavior the final stage was shown by half of the children. Third, from the first stage to the last stage there were many cases revealed. The more the children went the more complete their empathic language became. Their vocabulary increased and became more diverse with empathic actions. Also, when comparing actions and expressions from the beginning with the end, visible expressions became more natural and sincere at the end. The result of the research we have seen is that through receiving experience of empathic understanding, participating children showed a sense of self-confidence and they looked to make peaceful expressions while not being aggressive or defensive about problems. In addition, from understanding empathic expressions, participating children's relationships felt closer. This outcome within this group in this case will be applied and the formation of empathic understanding can be used by the children internally to solve their own problems, acquire close relationships with their teachers and others. It will also contribute to smooth classroom management.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.155-162
• /
• 2019

최근 기업의 대 내외적 환경변화로 인해 상시 구조조정이 이루어져 베이비부머들은 미처 준비되지 못한 비자발적 퇴직으로 인해 자신의 일자리에 대한 심각한 위협에 직면하고 있다. 이러한 시대적 상황과 맞물려 회복탄력성은 퇴직이라는 개인의 심리적인 역경을 극복하는 관점에서 중요해졌다. 이에 본 연구는 비자발적으로 퇴직하는 베이비부머들을 대상으로 회복탄력성이 진로전환에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구를 하였다. 베이비부머 퇴직자의 개인특성이 진로전환에 미치는 영향을 확인한 결과 성별과 직종에서 유의한 차이가 검증되었다. 또한 회복탄력성이 진로전환에 미치는 영향을 검증한 결과 회복탄력성은 진로전환에 매우 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 검증되었으며, 하위요인 중 긍정성은 상황지각, 대처방식, 지지에서 매우 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 검증되었고 대인관계능력도 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 그러나 자기조절능력은 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 따라서 퇴직 후 진로전환을 준비해야만 하는 베이비부머들에게 회복탄력성은 자신에게 처한 역경을 극복하고 성공적인 적응을 해나가는 과정에서 매우 필요한 능력으로 검증되었으며, 베이비부머들을 대상으로 진로전환의 상담과정에서 매우 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대 된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권sup3호
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2016

One of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in breast cancer patients is delay in seeking help. Leventhal's self-regulation model provides an appropriate framework to assess delay in seeking help. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between "illness perception" and "help seeking delay" in breast cancer patients based on Leventhal's self-regulation model. In this correlational descriptive study with convenience sampling conducted in 2013, participants were 120 women with breast cancer who were diagnosed in the last year and referred to chemotherapy and radiotherapy centers in Rasht, Iran. Data collection scales included demographic data, Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R)and a researcher made questionnaire to measure the delay in seeking help. Pre-hospital delay (help seeking delay) was evaluated in 3 phases (assessment, disease, behavior). The data were analyzed using SPSS-19. The mean (SD) age calculated for the patients was $47.3{\pm}10.2$. Some 43% of the patients had a high school or higher education level and 82% were married. The "pre-hospital delay" was reported ${\geq}3months$. Logistic regression analysis showed that none of the illness perception components were correlated with appraisal and behavioral delay phases. In the illness delay phase, "time line" (p-value =0.04) and "risk factors"(p-value=0.03) had significant effects on reducing and "psychological attributions" had significant effects on increasing the delay (p-value =0.01). "Illness coherence" was correlated with decreased pre-hospital patient delay (p-value<0.01). Women's perceptions of breast cancer influences delay in seeking help. In addition to verifying the validity of Leventhal's self-regulation model in explaining delay in seeking help, the results signify the importance of the "illness delay phase" (decision to seek help) and educational interventions-counseling for women in the community.

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.106-124
• /
• 1996

This paper reviews battering, sexual violence and divorce experienced among women. There three problems have negative influence on health status in women and are further developed to social problems such as family dissolution. The victims of the problems may manifest physical injury, emotional difficulties and social withdrawl, while their children may show problems caused by lack of parental caring and by resembling abusive behaviors of their parents. Hence, nurses need to pay attention to batting, sexual violence, and divorce and to develop relevant nursing interventions for them. Some strategies of dealing with those problems are presented in the following. First, we have to eliminate sexism prevailing in out society. Our society is assigning inequal and asymmetrical gender role. Mass media should inspire equality between genders and show a healthy model of family and community. Second, social system and laws should be changed through collective efforts. Those living conditions of women cannot be changed by the effort of women themselves only. We all need to work for establishing and changing the law, so that those women in suffering can obtain immediate and adequate protection. Third, social support system of consulting and referring women's problems should be established. Such support system as hot line, shelter and counseling clinics would help women in crisis. Fourth, job training and arrangement should be available to women who are divorced. Fifth, there should be self-help group for those women in suffering. Self-help group would help those women in sharing their problems and feelings and in establishing coping strategies. Nurses, as the largest group among health professionals, are sensitive and respond to health needs of clients and have an effect on managing women's health. However, we nurses have not been ready for dealing with problems of women, although most of us are women. we not need to change our perspective of women's health problems from a traditional medical perspective to feministic one. Accordingly, nurses need to develop realistic way of caring those women in suffering and to assist them in making decisions for their lives by themselves.

• 호스피스학술지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.21-40
• /
• 2002

Cancer is the second leading cause of the death in Korea. Family caregivers of dying patients manifest many psychological and physical symptoms of stress, and they often seek for informational support from health care providers. Unfortunately, however, few systematic studies identify the actual effect of such support on family caregivers. This study, thus, intends to evaluate the effect of informational support for hospice care. One group pretest-posttest design was used, employing the stress-coping model by Cohen and Wills as a conceptual framework. This research was conducted from July 1 to November 15, 1998, initially with 32 subjects sampled from hemato-oncology department of two general hospitals in Seoul, but reduced to 18 at the end due to the untimely death of patients or caregiver's refusal during the course of study. Informational supports were programmed to provide the family caregivers with 8 times of education and counseling as well as 24-hour hot-line for 4 weeks. A booklet that explains the various problems of hospice care was also prepared and distributed to all subjects. Data were collected by using self-report questionnaires and reviewing medical records. The tools used in this study were based on the Weinert's PRQ-II(scale of perceived social support), Spielberger's state anxiety inventory, and CES-D. Also included in the data collection were the general characteristics of family caregivers and patients, and the pain intensity and the performance status of patients. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon sign rank test and paired t-test using SPSSWIN program. The results of the study were as follows: 1.The perceived social support of family caregivers was not significantly increased with informational support for hospice care(t=1.64, one tailed p=.060). 2.The anxiety of family caregivers was significantly reduced following informational support for hospice care(t=3.48, one tailed p=.002). 3.The depression of family caregivers was significantly reduced following informational support for hospice care(t=-2.18, one tailed=.022). 4.The pain intensity of patients with terminal cancer was significantly reduced following informational support for hospice care(t=-2.41, two tailed p=.027). The results suggest that the informational support provided to family caregivers of patients with terminal cancer reduced not only their anxiety and depression but also the pain intensity of patients. Further study is necessary to consolidate the conceptual framework of this study with expanded number of subjects. Nevertheless, it was certain that the informational support program for hospice care was very helpful to both caregivers and patients. Thus, the informational support program is strongly recommended for the hospitals which have no hospice unit yet.

• 초등상담연구
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.195-215
• /
• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 초등학교 중학년의 불안을 포괄적으로 측정할 수 있는 검사를 개발하기 위한 예비연구를 하는 데 있다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 초등학교 중학년 불안의 구성내용이 무엇인지를 알아보고 이를 측정하기 위한 적절한 문항을 구성하여 검사를 개발하고 둘째, 초등학교 중학년용 불안검사 문항이 학생들에게 명확하게 이해가 되는지, 셋째 그 신뢰도와 타당도가 적절한지를 살펴보았다. 이 결과 초등학교 중학년용 불안검사는 초등학생의 일반불안, 대인불안, 학업불안, 시험불안, 발표불안과 관련된 내용을 모두 포함하고 있었으나 하위요인별, 세부영역별로는 차이가 있었으며 신뢰도와 타당도는 적합하여 불안검사를 제작하는데 유용한 자료로 쓰일 수 있음이 확인되었다. 위의 연구 결과를 종합해 볼때 본 연구에서 개발한 검사는 기존의 검사도구의 단점을 보완하여 초등학교 중학년 아동이 겪는 불안의 특성을 밝히고 다양한 요인을 포함하도록 구성하였으며 적용대상을 불안 형성시기이자 가장 큰 불안을 겪는 중학년 아동들로 하향하였다는데 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. 또한, 중학년 아동 개개인의 불안에 관한 기초선을 측정하여 불안을 효율적으로 대처할 수 있도록 하는 생활지도와 상담에 유용하게 쓰일 것이다.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.273-280
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 조선대학교-대구대학교 비교과 교육 업무협약(MOU) 기반 지역 연계 장애인평생교육 비교과프로그램 운영 방략을 탐색해 보는 데에 목적을 두어 실시되었다. 일선 대학 현장에서 비교과 교육 프로그램은 전공이나 교양 단위의 교과 학습을 보조하는 형태와 절차로 인식되는 경우가 많으나, 비교과 교육 프로그램의 구성 유형과 체계가 "학습역량 강화 지원", "진로심리상담 지원", "취창업 지원", "교과 연계 비교과 교육"으로 분류되는 사례를 감안할 경우 매우 중요한 위상과 정체성을 가졌다고 할 수 있다. 이에 따라, 비교과 교육 프로그램은 일회적인 경향의 프로그램 자체의 수준에서 뿐 아니라 학생들의 전공 학습 및 취업 연계를 비롯한 각종 지역사회 연계형 문제해결학습 역시 포괄할 수 있는 성격과 이점을 가진다. 위의 일환으로, 본 연구는 조선대학교와 대구대학교를 조망하여 "지역 연계 장애인평생교육"을 주요 주제와 내용으로 하는 비교과 프로그램이 운영될 수 있는 방략을 연구 내용으로 제시하고자 한다. 연구 방법은 전문가 간 협의를 통한 연구 내용의 모델 정립의 절차로 구성되었다. 연구 내용은 크게 "양 대학 간 조직적 운영 방략", "양 대학 간 교육과정 운영 방략", "양 대학 간 지역 연계 장애인평생교육 비교과 프로그램 운영에 대한 종합체계"로 제시되었다. 먼저, 첫 번째 연구 내용인 "양 대학 간 조직적 운영 방략"은 조선대학교 비교과통합관리센터와 대구대학교 평생교육원 산하 K-PACE센터, 기타 위원회 및 부서 등이 상호 협업 및 소통하는 절차가 상세히 도식화되었다. 두 번째 연구 내용인 "양 대학 간 교육과정 운영 방략"은 비교과프로그램에서 구성되어야 할 학습 내용과 방법 및 절차가 구체적으로 도식화되었다. 세 번째 연구 내용인 "양 대학 간 지역 연계 장애인평생교육 비교과 프로그램 운영의 종합체계"는 비교과프로그램을 운영하는 데 필수적으로 구성되어야 할 근거요소들을 로드맵의 차원으로 종합화한 결과를 제시하고 있다. 연구 결과, 양 대학 간 비교과 교육 업무협약(MOU)을 통한 지역 연계 장애인평생교육 비교과프로그램의 운영을 통해 심화적으로 연계 추진 가능한 사업과제를 조망할 수 있었다.