• Title/Summary/Keyword: Oil spill incident

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Study on Build-up of the Korea Unified Command System(KUCS) for Catastrophic Oil Spill (재난적 유류유출사고에 대비한 한국형 통합명령체계(KUCS) 구축에 관한 연구)

  • Yun, Jong-Hwui;Moon, Jung-Hwan
    • Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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    • 2009.06a
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2009
  • On-Scene Commander's quickly discernment is very important in Catastrophic Oil Spill. The Korea carring out multiagency to catastrophic oil spill. but It cannot communication to other agency and happened to operation empty and duplications. The United State enforced Incident Command System/Unified Command (ICS/US) on National Incident Management System in 2008. The Korea Government must be preparation Unified Command System include Non-Government and an oil refining company.

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A review of Deepwater Horizon Oil Budget Calculator for its Application to Korea (딥워터 호라이즌호 유출유 수지분석 모델의 국내 적용성 검토)

  • Kim, Choong-Ki;Oh, Jeong-Hwan;Kang, Seong-Gil
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.322-331
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    • 2016
  • Oil budget calculator identifies the removal pathways of spilled oil by both natural and response methods, and estimates the remaining oil required response activities. A oil budget calculator was newly developed as a response tool for Deepwater Horizon oil spill incident in Gulf of Mexico in 2010 to inform clean up decisions for Incident Comment System, which was also successfully utilized to media and general public promotion of oil spill response activities. This study analyzed the theoretical background of the oil budget calculator and explored its future application to Korea. The oil budge calculation of four catastrophic marine pollution incidents indicates that 3~8% of spilled oil was removed mechanically by skimmers, 1~5% by in-situ burning, 4.8~16% by chemical dispersion due to dispersant operation, and 37~56% by weathering processes such as evaporation, dissolution, and natural dispersion. The results show that in-situ burning and chemical dispersion effectively remove spilled oil more than the mechanical removal by skimming, and natural weathering processes are also very effective to remove spilled oil. To apply the oil budget calculator in Korea, its parameters need to be optimized in response to the seasonal characteristics of marine environment, the characteristics of spilled oil and response technologies. A new algorithm also needs to be developed to estimate the oil budget due to shoreline cleanup activities. An oil budget calculator optimized in Korea can play a critical role in informing decisions for oil spill response activities and communicating spill prevention and response activities with the media and general public.

Study on Efficient Response Skill in the Yellow Sea Coast of Korea under Bad Weather (기상악화시 우리나라 서해안의 효율적인 방제방법 고찰)

  • Yun, Jong-Hwui;Gug, Seung-Gi;Moon, Jung-Hwan;Jang, Ha-Yong;Kuk, Eun-Mi;Ha, Min-Jae
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • 2010.04a
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    • pp.402-403
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    • 2010
  • Hebei Spirit Oil Spill in the West Coast in 2007 happened catastrophic environment and economy damage. Refer to the limitation of current oil spill response methods. and oil spill response in the Yellow sea coast of korea, effective measures are considered.

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Subsea Responses to the BP Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico (멕시코만의 BP사 오일유출 해저 대책에 대한 분석)

  • Choi, Han-Suk;Lee, Seung-Keon;Do, Chang-Ho
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.90-95
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    • 2011
  • On April 20, 2010, a well control event allowed hydrocarbon (oil and gas) to escape from the Macondo well onto Deepwater Horizon (DWH), resulting in an exploration and fire on the rig. While 17 people were injured, 11 others lost their lives. The fire continued for 36 hours until the rig sank. Hydrocarbons continued to flow out from the reservoir through the well bore and blowout preventer (BOP) for 87 days, causing an unprecedented oil spill. Beyond Petroleum (BP) and the US federal government tried various methods to prevent the oil spill and to capture the spilled oil. The corresponding responses were very challenging due to the scale, intensity, and duration of the incident that occurred under extreme conditions in terms of pressure, temperature, and amount of flow. On July 15, a capping stack, which is another BOP on top of the existing BOP, was successfully installed, and the oil spill was stopped. After several tests and subsea responses, the well was permanently sealed by a relief well and a bottom kill on September 19. This paper analyzes the subsea responses and engineering efforts to capture the oil, stop the leaking, and kill the subsea well. During the investigation and analysis of subsea responses, information was collected and data bases were established for future accident prevention and the development of subsea engineering.

The Effectiveness of the Dispersant Use during the "Deepwater Horizon" Incident -REVIEW of the Proceedings from 2011 International Oil Spill Conference- (미국 멕시코만 기름유출사고에서 본 유처리제 사용의 효용성 고찰)

  • Cho, Hyun-Jin;Ha, Chang-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.61-65
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    • 2012
  • Once oil has spilled, oil spill responders use a variety of countermeasures to reduce the adverse effects of spilled oil on the environment. Mechanical methods of containment and recovery are preferred as the first response when the use of other methods fail or are ineffective. In these cases, the application of oil dispersants shall be use only as a last resort. While effectiveness of dispersants in removing oil form the sea surface is proven, the use of dispersants is controlled in almost all countries due to the toxicity of their active agents and the dispersed oil on the marine environment. However, according to reports, after dispersant application, no significant toxicity to fish or shrimp was observed in the field-collected samples. Moreover, the results also indicate that dispersant-oil mixtures are generally no more toxic to the aquatic test species than oil alone. During the Deepwater Horizon Incident, dispersants were applied to floating oil and injected into the oil plume at depth. These decisions were carefully considered by state and federal agencies, as well as BP, to prevent as much oil as possible from reaching sensitive shoreline habitats. Net Environmental Benefit Analysis for dispersant use assumed that dispersants appear to prevent long-term contamination resulting absence of oil in the substrate and will benefit marine wildlife by decreasing the risk of significant contamination to feathers or fur. Further study to use dispersants with scientific baseline is needed for our maritime environment which consistently threaten huge oil spill incidents occurrence.

A Study on the Improvement of Marine Pollution Response Education Program of Korea Coast Guard Academy - Focusing on Comparison between Domestic and Foreign Curriculums - (해양경비안전교육원 해양오염방제교육 프로그램 개선에 관한 연구 - 유류오염 방제 교육과정에 대한 국내외 비교를 중심으로 -)

  • Choi, Hyun Kue
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.365-375
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    • 2017
  • Approximately 250 marine pollution accidents involving oil and HNS spills are reported every year in the Republic of Korea. It is necessary that a strengthen of specialization of marine pollution response personnel on marine pollution response due to a diminution of damage when a major oil and HNS spill incident occurred, as in the case of the M/V Heibei Spirit and the M/V Maritime Maisie. In regard to this, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has planned to revise the OPRC Model Training Course to strengthen expertise for oil spill incident responses. Through a comparison of curriculum with the Korea Coast Guard Academy (KCGA) program, a revised IMO Model Course and the OSRL training institute, this study recommends the following improvements for the education program of the KCGA in response to oil spills. This study suggests several options in line with this approach to revise the oil spill response education curriculum, exercise, discussions and making materials. Accreditation of the KCGA as an institute that provides an IMO Model training course developed according to the revised IMO Model Course material is proposed.

Intra-Industry Market Response to the Tae-an Oil Spill Accident and the Corporate Environmental Disclosure (태안만 원유유출사건에 대한 시장반응과 환경공시)

  • Choi, Jong-Seo;Lim, Hyoung-Joo
    • Journal of Environmental Policy
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.17-54
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    • 2012
  • This paper researched market responses for listed companies in several industries affected by the major oil spill accident off the coast of Taean, in December 7, 2007. The Taean accident triggered considerable concerns in people over the possibility of potential future regulation in shipbuilding and petroleum industries. However, the accident also provided an unexpected business opportunity for environmental clean-up industry and shipbuilding industry. The oil spill triggered the acceleration of the enactment of policies that require all new oil tankers to be constructed with double hull, which is interpreted as a good news for shipbuilding industry. Increased public pressure coupled with the prospect of tightened regulation is expected to decrease the market values of firms in the affected business fields. The stock prices of shipbuilding companies dropped after the incident but dramatically surged after the enactment of the policy in January 31, 2008. Our study also found that companies with more extensive prior environmental disclosure had less negative market reactions during the first sixteen days following the accident.

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A Study on the Japanese Maritime Oil Spillage Management System and Activities (일본의 해양유탁 방제체제와 방제활동에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Young-Ho
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.407-417
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    • 2002
  • Japanese oil companies have begun to set up a mutual support system to prepare for any large scale oil spillages due to the huge increase in size of tankers since 1973. In 1990, the Petroleum Association of Japan established the Oil Spill Response Department and has been conducting researches on management of oil spill combatting materials and the effective prevention of maritime oil disasters. Japan Coast Guard, in accordance with the regulations of the OPRC in 1995, formulated the national contingency plan and built a mutual-contact network among the related government institutions. Its Guard & Rescue Department. Disaster Prevention Section has been working for the maintenance of oil spill combatting materials and coordinating related work with private organizations. The Japanese government has been strengthening the maritime oil spillage management system since the Nakhodka wreck incident in 1997.

A Preliminary Evaluation of the Economic Feasibility for Building a Multi-purpose Large Oil Spill Response Vessel in South Korea (우리나라 다목적 대형방제선 건조의 경제적 타당성에 관한 예비평가)

  • Chang, Woojin;Pyo, Heedong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.354-361
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    • 2016
  • While the amounts of oil spill caused by the VLCC Hebei Spirit indicated 2.5 times more than that of the VLCC Sea Prince, the economic, environmental, and social damages derived from the Hebei Spirit spill were estimated to be about 30 times greater than those from the Sea Prince incident. This study consolidates the appropriate justification for building a multi-purpose large oil spill response vessel to allow swift and efficient handling of catastrophic marine pollution events through an analysis of technical and economic feasibility of such a project. The result of the technical feasibility analysis illustrates that a hopper dredge and oil spill response vessel with a capacity of 4,000 tons should be more appropriate. The result of the economic feasibility analysis indicates that under the most conservative estimates the project appears to be slightly impractical, with a benefit/cost ratio of 0.82, in which self-help efforts, however, can facilitate the project. And medium to optimistic estimates present benefit/cost ratios are estimated to be 2.72 and 5.82 respectively, representing apparent economic feasibility.

A Study on the Improvement of National Marine Pollution Response Policy based on the Analysis of Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Incident (미국 멕시코만 오염사고 분석을 통한 국가방제정책 개선방안 연구)

  • Kim, Sang-Woon;Lim, Chang-Soo;Lee, Wan-Sub;Ha, Chang-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.257-264
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    • 2011
  • On April 20, 2010, semi-submersible offshore drilling unit Deepwater Horizon was exploded and sank, and 4.9 million barrels(about 778 thousand tons) of crude oil was spilled into the Gulf of Mexico. As more than one year has been passed since the incident, a lot of investigation reports and lessons learned have been made public and also a lot more will be released soon. This paper studies the final report of the National Commission on "the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling", which was organized by the executive directive of U.S. President Barack Obama, and the interim report of Joint Investigation team of U.S. Coast Guard and BOEMRE of "Report of Investigation into the Circumstances Surrounding the Explosion, Fire, Sinking and Loss of Eleven Members Aboard the Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit Deepwater Horizon". The review is focused on the response to the oil spill. And the paper suggests how to improve national marine pollution response policy. In the paper, the Korean governments is suggested to reinforce the capability for instructing and supervising the responsible party's source control measures, to review how to introduce in-situ burning and vessel of opportunity program into our country, and to continue monitoring on the progress of developments of R&D projects related to oil spill response in the U.S..