• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.41-48
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• 2001

This paper was made to evaluate the effect of the type of latex for coating on the printability by investigating the structure of pore such as the pore fraction, the number of pores, pore size and distribution of coated paper. The coated structure is mainly depend on the results of interaction between pigment and binder. It means that the structure of pore formed is chiefly affected by the type of latex. This physical properties of pore have a close relation with ink set-off associated with the drying rate, the speed of penetration of ink into base paper and printing gloss. Therefore it was necessary to find out the relationship between pore structure and the performance of printability by modifying the type of latex to vary the pore structure of coated paper. Acrylic latex was superior to S/B latex in the sedimentation volume, compressibility, smoothness, pore fraction and its number, the weight of transferred ink onto the coated paper and ink repellance. In contrast, water retention and ink setting were not good. in the comparison of anionic and amphoteric latex, amphoteric latex showed better performance in the thickness, smoothness, pore fraction and its number, pore size, the weight of ink transmitted and K&N ink receptivity, etc.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2011

Electronic display markets has been developed. The cathode ray tube of brown form recently celebrated their 100th by first display. Also LCD of flat form recently celebrated their 25th by second display and it has advantage of small volume, lower consumption power. But FPD has problem that is property of brittle and noncarrying by glass substrate. Therefore the arrival of portable electronics devices has put an increasing premium on durable, lightweight and inexpensive display components. It is flexible display by third display. Also electronics field such as printed wiring board, RFID, membrane switch prefer flexible display. The conductive pattern can be used mostly in field of electronic displays and electronics. This manufacture of conductive pattern in present used is screen printing. The the conductive pattern. It has advantages of flexibility, high conductivity, drying in low temperature, good conductivity. screen printing has problem that is low productivity and use not flexible substrate because of high fire temperature. This study was developed novel method to form the conductive pattern. It has advantages of flexibility, high conductivity, drying in low temperature, good conductivity.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.318-323
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• 2016

Acrobeles ciliatus (von Linstow, 1877) and Plectus parietinus (Bastian, 1865) are newly collected from Korea. Acrobeles is similar to those nematode belongs to Rhabditidae and Panagrolaimidae by having terminal bulb without medium bulb but different by having complex, vines shaped labial attachment. A. ciliatus differed from other Acrobeles species by lateral fields with two incisures, primary axils U-shaped, and secondary axils V-shaped. Head region set off with the neck, three high labial probolae present, each having 5 tines at inner margins and 5-7 at outer margins, and two elongate apical tines. Also, it differs from the longer female body. Plectus parietinus is distinguished from all other species of Plectus by the prominent hypodermal glands, the relatively small amphid, the distinct and well set-off lips and by the subdorsal distal caudal seta on the left side of the tail. Stoma without stylet. Oesophagus about 1/4 of total body length with terminal bulb. Anus ca. $100{\mu}m$ from posterior extremity. Vulva is at middle of body. Have spinneret on tail tip.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.307-312
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• 2006

This paper proposes the SRM drive system, which accurately estimates the phase currents from the DC-link current to drive SRM instead of detecting the three-phase currents. In addition, the detecting circuit of DC-link current is also proposed to increase the resolution and decrease the off-set influence. Comparing with the general drive system based on the phase current, it is verified through the experiments that the proposed SRM drive system based on the DC-link current has the good performance in steady-state response of the speed control. Using the DC-link current, all of the 3-phase currents can be easily estimated for driving the SRM.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.91-98
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• 2012

This study was carried out in order to evaluate the effects of ultra fine precipitated calcium carbonate (UFPCC) on properties of coating color, coated paper and off-set printability. It was found that blending of UFPCC increased the low-shear viscosity and water retention of coating color. The smaller the particle size, the more significant the effect of it. When the blending ratio of UFPCC was increased, brightness, whiteness and opacity of the coated paper were improved, while paper gloss was decreased due to the increase in roughness. When the UFPCC with the average particle size of $0.12{\mu}m$ was used, the ink receptivity during off-set printing was improved while print gloss was maintained or a little decreased. It was also observed that the dry-pick and wet-pick strength of coated paper were improved by the use of UFPCC. In conclusion, it is possible to produce the low gloss matt paper with the use of UFPCC since it could improve the optical properties and ink receptivity of coated paper.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.811-820
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• 2021

The population variation of Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius) according to its major prey abundance was analyzed using monthly catches of coastal set net fisheries in the southern waters off Gyeongsangnam-do and eastern waters off Gyeongsangbuk-do of Korea from 2006 to 2019. The abundance of Spanish mackerel and its prey species fluctuated almost simultaneously with time lags of +2 to -2 months between the set net fisheries in the southern and eastern waters. The generalized additive model revealed that the abundance of Spanish mackerel was influenced by its prey species such as hairtail and anchovy in southern waters, and common mackerel and horse mackerel in eastern waters. The model deviance explained 49% and 42% of Spanish mackerel abundance in southern and eastern waters respectively. These results suggest that the abundance of Spanish mackerel is affected by seasonal migratory prey fish species in the coastal areas and can be linked to their northerly migration.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.137-142
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• 2023

When designing a SMPS(Switched Mode Power Supply) circuit, a part that is easily overlooked without special consideration is a snubber circuit. However, the performance degradation of the SMPS due to the snubber circuit and the effect on the entire SET cannot be ignored. In addition, a snubber circuit is added to both ends of the switch to protect the device from peak voltage and current during switching and to reduce loss during on/off switching. Therefore, in this paper, for a sufficient understanding of snubber circuits, theoretical analysis and experimental formulas that can be applied by designers during actual circuit design are arranged to promote optimization of snubber circuits.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.942-947
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• 2010

In the present study, pollen tube growth and fruit set in Asian pear ($Pyrus$ $pyrifolia$) were examined upon the mechanical damage on the stigma and style following the artificial pollination. When the upper middle part of style was cut off at 48 h after the artificial pollination, pollen tube grew to the middle of the style and the subsequent pollen tube elongation and fruit set normally occurred. When the style was cut off before the pollen tube reached the middle of the style, however, no pollen tube elongation and fruit set occurred. With the pollen tube elongation through the style, callose plugs at the basal part of the pollen tube were formed to the direction of the elongation at regular intervals. When the upper part of pollen tube attached pollen grain was cut off, however, callose plugs were formed defectively in the pollen tube, and the pollen tube opened and lost their turgor pressure. These facts might be the reason for the ceased or delayed pollen tube elongation and ultimately the failure of the fertilization.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.160-176
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• 2015

This paper presents a method of designing optimal integer- and fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controllers for a boost converter to gain a set of favorable characteristics at various operating points. A Pareto-based multi-objective optimization approach called strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA) is used to obtain fast and low overshoot start-up and dynamic responses and switching stability. The optimization approach generates a set of optimal gains called Pareto set, which corresponds to a Pareto front. The Pareto front is a set of optimal results for objective functions. These results provide designers with a trade-off look-up table, in which they can easily choose any of the optimal gains based on design requirements. The SPEA also overcomes the difficulties of tuning the FOPID controller, which is an extension to the classic integer-order PID controllers and potentially promises better results. The proposed optimized FOPID controller provides an excellent start-up response and the desired dynamic response. This paper presents a detailed comparison of the optimum integer- and the fractional-order PID controllers. Extensive simulation and experimental results prove the superiority of the proposed design methodology to achieve a wide set of desired technical goals.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.212-217
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• 2007

As a preliminary study for the development of electrical stimulation strategy of artificial retina, we set up a method fur the reconstruction of input intensity variation from retinal ganglion cell(RGC) responses. In order to estimate light intensity variation, we used an optimal linear filter trained from given stimulus intensity variation and multiple single unit spike trains from RGCs. By applying ON/OFF stimulation(ON duration: 2 sec, OFF duration: 5 sec) repetitively, we identified three functional types of ganglion cells according to when they respond to the ON/OFF stimulus actively: ON cell, OFF cell, and ON-OFF cell. Experiments were also performed using a Gaussian random stimulus and a binary random stimulus. The input intensity was updated once every 90 msec(i. e. 11 Hz) to present the stimulus. The result of reconstructing 11 Hz Gaussian and binary random stimulus was not satisfactory and showed low correlation between the original and reconstructed stimulus. In the case of ON/OFF stimulus in which temporal variation is slow, successful reconstruction was achieved and the correlation coefficient was as high as 0.8.