• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.165-174
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• 2023

본 연구는 국내 근로환경조사 자료를 이용하여 조사 시기에 따른 제조업 종사자의 유해·위험요인 노출과 결근과의 관련성을 확인하였다. 이에 2011년도(3차), 2017년도(5차), 2020년도(6차)의 유해·위험요인 동일문항에 대하여 제조업 종사자 8,318명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 업무 관련 유해·위험인자와 결근과의 관련성을 보면 2011년도에 비하여 2020년도에 진동, 소음, 높은 온도, 먼지 등의 흡입, 증기흡입, 화학물질 취급, 감염물질 취급에서 노출 시간 3/4 이상이 결근에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 업무 관련 유해·위험요인에 대해서는 조사시기가 증가함에 따라 비노출이 증가함을 알 수 있었고 업무 관련 유해·위험요인의 노출 시간이 결근에 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.241-269
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• 2023

본 연구는 수혜자의 관점에서 공공성을 측정할 수 있는 척도를 개발하고, 도서관 이용 경험, 지역 주민의 개인적 특성, 도서관 서비스 유형에 따라 공공성에 대한 인식 차이를 측정하였다. 이를 위해 공공성 관련 특성들을 문헌 고찰을 통해 분석하여 공공성 측정 지표로 통합하였고, 서울시 5개 자치구의 지역 공공도서관 15곳을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 도서관 공공성은 '참여반응성, 절차공정성, 상황평등성'의 3가지 요인으로 구성되며, 각 요인은 도서관과 지역 주민 간 상호작용 속에 형성되는 서로 다른 측면을 보여준다는 점을 발견하였다. 이를 바탕으로 도서관 이용 경험과 서비스 기간, 지역 주민의 직업 환경과 지역활동경험, 도서관 서비스 유형 등에 따라 어떠한 공공성의 측면을 강화해 나가야 하는지를 제시하였다. 공공성을 강화할 수 있는 서비스 경험이 제공될 때, 보다 많은 지역 주민이 혜택을 누릴 수 있으며, 이로써 도서관의 존재가치를 증명할 수 있을 것이다.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.371-381
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• 2023

Evaluating the effectiveness of the radiation protection measures deployed at the Centralized Radioactive Waste Management Facility in Ghana is pivotal to guaranteeing the safety of personnel, public and the environment, thus the need for this study. Radiagem^TM 2000 was used in measuring the dose rate of the facility whilst the personal radiation exposure of the personnel from 2011 to 2022 was measured from the thermoluminescent dosimeter badges using Harshaw 6600 Plus Automated TLD Reader. The decay store containing scrap metals from dismantled disused sealed radioactive sources (DSRS), and low-level wastes measured the highest dose rate of 1.06 ± 0.92 µSv·h^-1. The range of the mean annual average personnel dose equivalent is 0.41-2.07 mSv. The annual effective doses are below the ICRP limit of 20 mSv. From the multivariate principal component analysis biplot, all the personal dose equivalent formed a cluster, and the cluster is mostly influenced by the radiological data from the outer wall surface of the facility where no DSRS are stored. The personal dose equivalents are not primarily due to the radiation exposures of staff during operations with DSRS at the facility but can be attributed to environmental radiation, thus the current radiation protection measures at the Facility can be deemed as effective.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2023

Objectives: Chemical accidents cause extensive human and environmental damage. Therefore, it is important to prepare measures to prevent their recurrence and minimize future damage through accident investigation. To this end, it is necessary to identify the accident occurrence process and analyze the extent of damage. In this study, the development process and damage range of actual chemical leakage accidents were analyzed using CFD. Methods: For application to actual chemical leakage accidents using FLACS codes specialized for chemical dispersion simulation among CFD codes, release rate calculation and 3D geometry were created, and scenarios for simulation were derived. Results: The development process of the accident and the dispersion behavior of materials were analyzed considering the influencing factors at the time of the accident. In addition, to confirm the validity of the results, we compared the results of the actual damage impact investigation and the simulation analysis results. As a result, both showed similar damage impact ranges. Conclusions: The FLACS code allows the detailed analysis of the simulated dispersion process and concentration of substances similar to real ones. Therefore, it is judged that the analysis method using CFD simulation can be usefully applied as a chemical accident investigation technique.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.376-391
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• 2023

Objectives: Our previously published study showed that a workplace nutrition intervention program with personalized goal setting and smartphone-based nutrition counseling improved dietary habits and physical activity in city bus drivers who were overweight/obese. This study explored the facilitators and barriers that participants faced in achieving their dietary and physical activity goals six months after the intervention. Methods: The study included bus drivers and dietitians who participated in the intervention program. Three focus group interviews were conducted with 10 bus drivers (divided by two groups based on their achievement of set goals) and five dietitians who had provided nutrition counseling. Results: Willpower was the most important intrapersonal facilitator for drivers to achieve their goals. Other factors that promoted behavioral changes were nutrition counseling by dietitians, trackable physical activity using smartwatches, and setting of practical and achievable goals. Meanwhile, the most important barriers identified were occupational factors such as long driving hours, short breaks, and shift work. Other barriers were environmental factors such as availability of snackable food, accessibility to convenience stores, and cold weather. Family and colleagues were perceived as both facilitators and barriers. In addition, dietitians identified a lack of knowledge about healthy diet as one of the barriers. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the workplace environment should be improved and that nutrition intervention programs at the workplace could encourage bus drivers to practice healthy eating habits. The facilitators and barriers identified in this study should be considered when planning a nutrition intervention program for bus drivers.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2023

Purposes: Caregivers are placed in a poor working environment because there is no special legal basis or definition in the current medical system, and they have difficulty in supplying manpower due to frequent job change and retirement. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the effect on job consciousness, job stress, job satisfaction, and turnover intention of caregivers in nursing hospitals for the elderly. Methodology: In this study, a survey was conducted from May 2nd to 16th, 2022, targeting caregivers with more than 6 months of work experience working at 10 nursing hospitals in D City. Data were collected through convenience sampling, and a self-administered questionnaire method was used, in which subjects filled out a questionnaire. A total of 240 questionnaires were distributed, and 220 copies were considered for the final analysis after excluding non-response or inappropriate questionnaires for data use. Data analysis used t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis, and the main results are as follows. Findings: Job stress and job satisfaction showed a significant correlation with the level of turnover intention, and were also found to be major determinants. On the other hand, among the occupational characteristics of the study subjects, employment type, job motivation, service period, number of patients, injury experience, and license status showed a significant difference from turnover intention. Conclusion: As a result of the above research, in order to prevent job turnover and retirement by improving job stress and job satisfaction of caregivers engaged in nursing hospitals, it is necessary not only to legalize caregivers, but also to secure an appropriate level of caregivers for nursing hospitals and improve specific treatment for caregivers. Ultimately, a policy alternative that can provide quality nursing service is required.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.57-68
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• 1993

The economy of Korea has grown up significantly in its scale. It has, therefore, become imperative to develop countermeasures to prevent work related injuries and occupational illnesses resultining from haza-rdous working conditions and handling harmful substances. A lot of cargo handling accident in port have occurred due to the characteristics of poor working environment, diversity of working place and method, fluctuation of the amount of cargo and handling of heavy, long, harmful and dangerous cargo, etc. According to '91 industrial accident analysis carried out by the ministry of labour, the number of the stevedores injured by cargo handling accident in port were 1, 432 persons (the death accident : 22 per-sons), the amount of industrial accident compensation in port was 6.7 billion won (the amount of economic loss : 33.6 billion won), and the injury occurance rate of the stevedoring industry was higher than that of the whole industry. This paper, therefore, aims to the actual status of the stevedoring industry and to extract the main cau-ses of the accidents related to cargo handling in port through factor analysis using the data of the accide-nts in the whole habour from 1990 to 1992, and to suggest the countermeasures to prevent such accident. The main causes of the accident and countermeasures are found to be as follows through the factor analy-sis : Factor1, factor2, and factor3 related to a defect of human being and management, a defect of state and environment, and an insufficiency of education and law are extracted. The short-term countermeasures to prevent these accidents are 1) to consolidate the safety and health organization in the working spot, 2) to secure a safe condition in working spot before dock work, 3) to strengthen a dock worker's safety educa-tion. The long-term countermeasures are 1) to promote a decasualisation of dock workers, 2) to modernize the cargo working methods through constructing exclusive pier and introducing exclusive cargo handling equipment, 3) to establish a exclusive dock accident prevention organization and the dock workers law. Factor 4, factor5, factor6, and factor7 related to an unfitness, a deficiency of technical knowledge, a nonfu-lfilment of safety measures, and a bad arrangement are extracted. The countermeasures to prevent these accidents are 1) to perform a complete safety inspection of cargo handling equipments and tools and to carry out the dock work according to a working plan, 2) to publish and supply technical safety books, safety instruction book, safety check list, etc., 3) to strengthen the safety patrol at the working spot in habour and to activate a safety fund, 4) to maintain always a clean workshop with the safety consciousness in which the good arragement of the working spot is considered to be the beginning of safety.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.449-460
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• 2015

Carbonaceous aerosol is generally classified into OC (organic carbon) and EC (elemental carbon) by thermal optical analysis. Both NIOSH (National institute of occupational safety and health) with high temperature (HighT) and IMPROVE-A (Interagency monitoring of protected visual environments) with low temperature (LowT) protocols are widely used. In this study, both protocols were applied for ambient $PM_{2.5}$ samples (Daejeon, Korea) in order to underpin differences in OC and EC measurements. An excellent agreement between NIOSH and IMPROVE-A protocol was observed for TC (total carbon). However, significant differences between OC and EC appeared and the differences were larger for EC than OC. The main differences between two protocols are temperature profile and charring correction method. For the same charring correction method, HighT_OC was 10% higher than LowT_ OC, while HighT_EC was 15% and 33% lower than LowT_EC for TOT (thermal-optical transmittance) and TOR (thermal-optical reflectance), respectively. This difference may be caused by the temperature of OC4 in He step and possibly difference in POC (pryorilized OC) formation. For the same temperature profile, OC by TOT was about 26% higher than that by TOR. In contrast, EC by TOT was about 50% lower than that by TOR. POC was also dependent on both temperature profile and the charring correction method, showing much distinctive differences for the charring correction method (i.e., POC by TOT to POC by TOR ratio is about 2). This difference might be caused by different characteristics between transmittance and reflectance for monitoring POC formation within filters. Results from this study showed that OC and EC depends on applied analysis protocol as shown other studies. Because of the nature of the thermal optical analysis, it may not be possible to have an absolute standard analysis protocol that is applicable for any ambient $PM_{2.5}$. Nevertheless, in order to provide consistent measurement results for scientists and policy makers, future studies should focus on developing a harmonized standard analysis protocol that is suitable for a specific air domain and minimizes variations in OC and EC measurement results. In addition, future elaborate studies are required to find and understand the causes of the differences.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2015

Objectives: This study assessed the impact of the smoke-free law on secondhand smoke exposure in computer game rooms by measuring concentrations of particulate matter smaller than $2.5{\mu}m$($PM_{2.5}$). Methods: Indoor $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations were measured in 56 (during the smoke-free guidance period) and 118 computer game rooms (after the law went into effect) in four cities (Seoul, Cheonan, Daegu and Kunsan) in Korea. The number of smokers in the computer game rooms was also counted every five minutes. Results: Although a smoking ban had been implemented nationally, smoking was observed in 47% of the computer game rooms. Smoking density decreased from 1.62 persons per $100m^3$ during the guidance period to 0.32 persons per $100m^3$ after the smoke-free law. There is no statistically significant difference of $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations before and after the smoking ban. The $PM_{2.5}$ concentration was two times higher than the US NAAQS of $35{\mu}g/m^3$. The $PM_{2.5}$ concentration in computer game rooms without smokers was two times higher than the outdoor concentration. Conclusion: The smoke-free law in computer game rooms was complied with, even after the guidance period, in Korea. Indoor $PM_{2.5}$ concentration after smoke-free law implementation was high due to this non-compliance. High $PM_{2.5}$ concentration in computer game rooms without smokers might be due to smoking booths. The complete prohibition of smoking in computer game rooms should be implemented to protect patrons from secondhand smoke exposure.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.2118-2123
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• 2010

국내의 경우 방사선작업종사자의 개인피폭관리는 선량한도를 초과한 피폭의 유무를 확인하여 사후 조치를 취하는 것에 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 그러나 의료기관 핵의학과의 경우 개봉선원을 사용하므로 작업환경이 방사선에 노출될 가능성이 많고, 방사성의약품 투여 후 수 시간 혹은 수 일 동안은 환자 자체가 방사선원이 되므로 방사선작업종사자나 수시출입자, 환자보호자들의 방사선 피폭 가능성이 매우 높다. 따라서 환자보호자 등 일반출입자의 방사선피폭을 방지하기 위해서는 환경방사선관리가 적절하게 실시되어야 한다. 일본에서는 "방사성동위원소등에 의한 방사선장해의 방지에 관한 법률" 등에 근거하여 방사선작업환경에 대한 환경방사선량을 정기적으로 측정, 보관하도록 하고 있다. 이에 대전시 소재 대학병원 핵의학과에서 일본에서 시행하고 있는 것과 같은 방법으로 핵의학과 내 8개소에 유리선량계를 설치하여 환경방사선을 측정한 결과 8개소 모두 "진단용 방사선 발생장치의 안전관리에 관한 규칙"에 규정된 방사선구역의 외부방사선량인 주당 0.3 mSv에는 훨씬 미치지 못하는 적은 선량이 측정되었다. 그러나 접수대에서는 3개월 누계 선량률이 0.51 mSv로서 접수대 종사자는 일반인 연간 유효선량한도인 1 mSv를 초과할 가능성이 높았으며, 환자 및 보호자 대기실에서도 0.23 mSv(3개월 누계치 0.69mSv)가 측정되어 유리선량계를 설치한 8개소 가운데 가장 높은 선량률을 보였다. 이것은 일반인의 연간 유효선량한도인 1 mSv를 초과하는 값이며, "방사선방호 등에 관한 기준 고시"에 환경상 위해방지를 위해 규정된 연간 유효선량 0.25 mSv를 초과하는 값이다. 따라서 접수대 근무자, 환자보호자 및 제3자 보호를 위해 핵의학과 내 환경방사선량 감소를 위한 적극적인 대책이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.