• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the impacts of action observational physical training related to stair walking on the stair walking ability and self-efficacy of chronic stroke patients. Methods: This study was conducted on 24 chronic stroke patients, who were assigned randomly to an action observational physical training group (12 persons) and a landscape observation physical training group (12 persons). To the action-observational physical training group, five videos related to stair walking were presented, and after observing them, physical training was carried out. The landscape observation physical training group observed the videos consisting of landscape, where there were no humans and animals, and then underwent physical training. This study measured the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius to examine the muscle activity of the lower limb. A timed up and go and step test was performed to examine the balance ability, and a timed stair test was conducted to examine their stair walking ability. A self-efficacy scale was measured to examine the degree of their confidence of performing stair walking. The assessment was conducted three times in total: pre-, post-, and follow-up surveys. Results: As a result of this study, the action observational physical training group significant improvement after the intervention than in the landscape observation physical training group. Moreover, the follow-up study four weeks after the intervention showed significant improvements in the action observational physical training group (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results show that the action observational physical training had a positive impact on the stair walking ability and self-efficacy of chronic stroke patients.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.3349-3357
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 PBL 연계 시뮬레이션 기반 통합간호교육과정을 이수한 신졸업간호사와 교과목 중심의 전통적 간호교육과정을 이수한 신졸업간호사간의 간호수행능력정도와 간호수행능력 자신감의 차이를 표준화환자 기반 간호수행평가를 활용하여 비교분석하는 것이다. 연구대상자는 전통적 간호교육과정을 이수한 신졸업간호사 39명과 통합간호교육과정을 이수한 신졸업간호사 35명, 총 74명이었다. 연구방법은 두 대상자 그룹간에 표준화환자 기반 간호실무능력 평가 시험에서 간호수행능력 평가점수와 간호수행능력 자신감을 비교하기 위한 비동등성 대조군 사후 시차설계를 적용한 유사 실험 연구로 수집된 자료는 SPSS 19.0 프로그램을 사용하여, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, ANCOVA를 이용하여 분석하였다. 표준화환자를 활용한 간호실무수행능력 평가시험을 실시한 결과 통합간호교육과정 이수 신졸업간호사와 교과목 중심의 전통적 간호교육과정 이수 신졸업간호사 간에 표준화 환자가 채점한 간호수행능력 점수는 차이가 없었으나, 통합간호교육과정 이수 신졸업간호사의 교수자가 평가한 기술적 술기 점수, 비기술적 술기 점수와 간호수행능력에 대한 자신감이 대조군에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 간호교육과정에 PBL 연계 시뮬레이션 기반 교과를 적용할 것을 제언하며, 통합간호교육과정을 이수한 신졸업간호사의 임상간호 현장에서의 실무능력과 환자 성과 변화를 장기추적 관찰하는 추후 연구가 필요하다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.88.4-89
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• 2015

The Double Pulsar (PSR J0737-3039) is the only neutron star-neutron star (NS-NS) binary in which both NSs have been detectable as radio pulsars. The Double Pulsar has been assumed to dominate the Galactic NS-NS binary merger rate $R_g$ among all known systems, solely based on the properties of the first-born, recycled pulsar (PSR J0737-3039A, or A) with an assumption for the beaming correction factor of 6. In this work, we carefully correct observational biases for the second-born, non-recycled pulsar (PSR J0737-0737B, or B) and estimate the contribution from the Double Pulsar on $R_g$ using constraints available from both A and B. Observational constraints from the B pulsar favour a small beaming correction factor for A (~2), which is consistent with a bipolar model. Considering known NS-NS binaries with the best observational constraints, including both A and B, we obtain $R_g=21_{-14}{^+28}$ per Myr at 95 per cent confidence from our reference model. We expect the detection rate of gravitational waves from NS-NS inspirals for the advanced ground-based gravitational-wave detectors is to be $8_{-5}{^+10}$ per yr at 95 per cent confidence. We discuss prospects of gravitational-wave detection based on our results. Implications of PSR J1906+0746, which is likely to be another tight NS-NS binary in the Galactic disc supported by recent observation, are also remarked.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.709-719
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• 2009

Purpose: The study was done to investigate physical assessment skills used by, and educational needs of, advanced practice nurses (APNs) and nurse specialists in Korea. Methods: A total of 123 APNs and nurse specialists working in five major hospitals in Seoul were surveyed from July 15 to August 20, 2007. Results: Fourteen skills out of 126 items were reported as being performed on a regular basis by participants. The majority of these skills involved general observation. Forty-six skills were rarely used. Some participants showed a lack of confidence in certain assessment skills, such as in doing a rectal or pelvic exam, and the use of some assessment equipment. Over 90% of participants required in-depth education on health assessment provided by specialists or nursing professional organizations. Conclusion: More educational opportunities in physical assessment should be provided including education programs based on the nurses' skill levels and needs. This effort will help to increase confidence of APNs and nurse specialists in physical assessment skills, ultimately resulting in better nursing outcomes.

• 복식
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lifestyle factors on clothing purchase motives, information use, and selection criteria in male college students. The sample included 241 male college students, and an instrument was developed based on the previous studies. The statistical analyses used for this study were factor analysis and multiple regression. The result of factor analysis showed that lifestyle consisted of six factors : clothing interest, serif-confidence, social participation, planned clothing purchase, family-orientation, and conservativeness. Clothing purchase motives consisted of conspicuous consumption motives, fashion and individuality motives, and economic motives. Clothing information use consisted of four factors: paper/display, personal advice, fashion show/clothing observation, and electronic media. Finally. clothing selection criteria consisted of practicability, fashion/individuality, and conformity, Multip1e regression revealed that there were significant effects of lifestyle factors on clothing purchase motives, information use, and selection criteria. For example, self-confidence factor had a negative impact on conspicuous consumption motive, personal advice information use, and fashion/individuality criteria. The relative importance of lifestyle factors were different according to different dimensions of clothing purchase motives, information use, and selection criteria.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.299-309
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• 2003

Let ${\pi}_1,...,{\pi}_{k}$k($\geq$2) independent logistic populations such that the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of an observation from the population ${\pi}_{i}$ is $$F_{i}\;=\; {\frac{1}{1+exp{-\pi(x-{\mu}_{i})/(\sigma\sqrt{3})}}},\;$\mid$x$\mid$<\;{\infty}$$ where ${\mu}_{i}(-{\infty}\; < \; {\mu}_{i}\; <\; {\infty}$ is unknown location mean and ${\delta}^2$ is known variance, i ＝ 1,..., $textsc{k}$. Let ${\mu}_{[k]}$ be the largest of all ${\mu}$'s and the population ${\pi}_{i}$ is defined to be 'good' if ${\mu}_{i}\;{\geq}\;{\mu}_{[k]}\;-\;{\delta}_1$, where ${\delta}_1\;>\;0$, i = 1,...,$textsc{k}$. A selection procedure based on sample median is proposed to select a subset of $textsc{k}$ logistic populations which includes all the good populations with probability at least $P^{*}$(a preassigned value). Simultaneous confidence intervals for the differences of location parameters, which can be derived with the help of proposed procedures, are discussed. If a population with location parameter ${\mu}_{i}\;<\;{\mu}_{[k]}\;-\;{\delta}_2({\delta}_2\;>{\delta}_1)$, i ＝ 1,...,$textsc{k}$ is considered 'bad', a selection procedure is proposed so that the probability of either selecting a bad population or omitting a good population is at most 1­ $P^{*}$.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2022

본 연구는 성인학습자가 주간보호센터 이용 성인 뇌병변 장애인 대상으로 자신감 향상을 위한 융합프로그램 진행 경험의 의미와 본질이 어떤 것인지 파악하고자 질적연구로 사례연구 방법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구는 뇌병변 장애인 대상으로 자신감 향상을 위한 융합프로그램 진행 경험한 3명의 성인학습자를 심층 면담을 통해 자료 수집하였다. 이 프로그램은 총 5회기로 90분씩 진행하였고 자료 분석으로 구성된 의미 24개, 하위주제 6개, 상위주제 3개로 범주화하여 도출하였다. 그 결과는 첫째, 성인 뇌병변 장애인 대상 자신감 향상을 위한 융합프로그램 진행 경험이 처음이라 '시작의 긴장감'으로 범주화하여 도출하였다. 둘째, 성인학습자들이 성인 뇌병변 장애인 대상으로 자신감 향상을 위한 융합프로그램 진행하면서 자신, 가족, 이웃 사랑하는 마음이 생겨 '함께하는 즐거움'으로 범주화로 도출하였다. 셋째, 자신감 향상을 위한 융합프로그램을 성인 뇌병변 장애인 대상으로 진행하면서 전공과 나 자신을 들여다보는 '현재의 나'로 범주화하여 구성하였다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로 성인학습자들이 성인 뇌병변 장애인 대상으로 자신감 향상을 위한 융합프로그램 진행 경험으로 장애인에 대한 인식변화를 비롯하여 대학 생활의 동기부여와 학습 동기 강화에 활용할 수 있기를 제언하였다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2014

PURPOSES : The objective was to develop the advanced method which could not explain each observation's specific characteristic in the present negative binomial method that results in under-estimation of the standard error(t-value inflation) and affects the confidence of whole derived results. METHODS : This study dealt with traffic accidents occurring within interchange segment on highway main line with RPNB(Random Parameter Negative Binomial) method that enables to take account of heterogeneity. RESULTS : As a result, AADT and lighting installation type on the road were revealed to have random parameter and in terms of other geometric variables, all were derived as fixed parameter(same effect on every segment). Also, marginal effects were adapted to analyze the relative effects on traffic accidents. CONCLUSIONS : This study proves that RPNB method which considers each observation's specific characteristics is better fitted to the accident data with geometrics. Thus, it is recommended that RPNB model or other methods which could consider the heterogeneity needs to be adapted in accident analysis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2019

Objective : Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are often detected as incidental findings. However, the natural history remains unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the natural history and growth pattern of untreated PAs. Methods : Between 2003 and 2014, 59 PAs were managed with clinico-radiological follow up for longer than 12 months without any kind of therapeutic intervention. Tumor volumes were calculated at initial and last follow-up visit, and tumor growth during the observation period was determined. Data were analyzed according to clinical and imaging characteristics. Results : The mean initial and last tumor volume and diameter were $1.83{\pm}2.97mL$ and $13.77{\pm}6.45mm$, $2.85{\pm}4.47mL$ and $15.75{\pm}8.08mm$, respectively. The mean annual tumor growth rate was $0.33{\pm}0.68mL/year$ during a mean observation period of $46.8{\pm}32.1months$. Sixteen (27%) PAs showed tumor growth. The initial tumor size (HR, 1.140; 95% confidence interval, 1.003-1.295; p=0.045) was the independent predictive factor that determined the tumor growth. Six patients (11%) of 56 conservatively managed non-symptomatic PAs underwent resection for aggravating visual symptoms with mean interval of 34.5 months from diagnosis. By Cox regression analysis, PAs of last longest diameter over 21.75 mm were a significant prognostic factor for eventual treatment. Conclusion : The initial tumor size of PAs was independently associated with the tumor growth. Six patients (11%) of conservatively managed PAs were likely to be treated eventually. PAs of last follow-up longest diameter over 21.75 mm were a significant prognostic factor for treatment. Further studies with a large series are required to determine treatment strategy.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능시스템학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.443-446
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• 2007

음성신호는 잡음 또는 전송 채널의 특성에 의하여 왜곡되고, 왜곡된 음성은 음성인식 및 화자인식의 성능을 크게 저하시킨다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해 본 논문에서는 Gaussian mixture model (GMM)에 적용된 신호대잡음비 (SNR)기반 신뢰도 가중 기법[1][2]을 Hidden Markov model(HMM) 디코더에 변형하여 적용하였다. HMM 디코더 변형은 HMM 상태별 관측확률을 논문 [1]에서 제시된 신뢰도로 가중함으로써 이루어졌다. 제안한 방법의 성능을 확인하기 위해 ETRI에서 만든 한국어 화자인식용 휴대폰 음성 DB를 사용하여 문맥종속 화자식별 실험을 하였다. 실험결과 기존 방법에 비해 제안한 방법의 화자인식률이 크게 향상됨을 확인 할 수 있었다.