References
- Johansson BB. Current trends in stroke rehabilitation. a review with focus on brain plasticity. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 2011;123(3):147-59.
- Mulder T, Hochstenbach J, Van Heuvelen M et al. Motor imagery: the relation between age and imagery capacity. Hum Mov Sci. 2007;26(2): 203-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2007.01.001
- Murata A, Fadiga L, Fogassi L et al. Object representation in the ventral premotor cortex (area F5) of the monkey. J Neurophysiol, 1997;78(4): 2226-30. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.78.4.2226
- Fadiga L, Fogassi L, Pavesi G et al. Motor facilitation during action observation: a magnetic stimulation study. J Neurophysiol. 1995;73(6): 2608-11. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.73.6.2608
- Celnik P, Stefan K, Hummel F et al. Encoding a motor memory in the older adult by action observation. Neuroimage. 2006;29(2):677-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.07.039
- Schutz-Bosbach S, Prinz W. Perceptual resonance: action-induced modulation of perception. Trends Cogn Sci. 2007;11(8):349-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2007.06.005
- Fogassi L, Ferrari PF, Gesierich B et al. Parietal lobe: from action organization to intention understanding. Science. 2005;308(5722):662-7. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1106138
- Williams JH, Waiter GD, Gilchrist A et al. Neural mechanisms of imitation and 'mirror neuron' functioning in autistic spectrum disorder. Neuropsychologia. 2006;44(4):610-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.06.010
- Stefan K, Cohen LG, Duque J et al. Formation of a motor memory by action observation. J Neurosci. 2005;25(41):9339-46. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2282-05.2005
- Pelosin E, Avanzino L, Bove M et al. Action observation improves freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2010;24(8):746-52. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968310368685
- Lee MK, Kim JM. The effect of action observational training on arm function in people with stroke. PTK. 2011;18(2):27-34.
- Harvey R, Roth E, Yu D. Physical medicine & rehabilitation. Philadelphia, Saunders Elsevier, 2007:1112-75.
- Bonnyaud C, Zory R, Pradon D et al. Clinical and biomechanical factors which predict timed up and down stairs test performance in hemiparetic patients. Gait Posture. 2013;38(3):466-70.
- Michael KM, Allen JK, Macko RF. Reduced ambulatory activity after stroke: the role of balance, gait, and cardiovascular fitness. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86(8):1552-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2004.12.026
- Frank JS, Patla AE. Balance and mobility challenges in older adults: implications for preserving community mobility. Am J Prev Med. 2003;25(3):157-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(03)00179-X
- Choi JN, Kang SH. The effects of task-oriented training program on balance, activities of daily living performance and self-efficacy in stroke patients: a pilot study. KSIM. 2013;1(4):15-24.
- Lord SE, McPherson K, McNaughton H et al. Community ambulation after stroke: how important and obtainable is it and what measures appear predictive? Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85(2):234-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2003.05.002
- Riener R, Rabuffetti M, Frigo C. Stair ascent and descent at different inclinations. Gait Posture. 2002;15(1):32-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00162-X
- Kim YS. Muscle activation patterns of stair gait in hemiparetic patients using surface electromyography. J Adapt Phys Act. 2006;14(1):1-15.
- Eun SD. Biomechanical effect of the stair hights on the lower extremity joints in stair-ascent activity of elderly persons. Seoul National University. Dissertation of Doctorate Degree. 2003.
- McFadyen BJ, Winter DA. An integrated biomechanical analysis of normal stair ascent and descent. J Biomech. 1988;21(9):733-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(88)90282-5
- Wi GS. The effects of stair and ramp gait training on a static balance and gait in patients with stroke. Daegu University. Dissertation of Master's degree. 2011.
- Seo KY. The effect of gait ability in the stroke patients after lamp gait exercise and stair gait exercise by proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques. Journal of Special Education & Rehabilitation Science. 2013;52(3):127-44.
- Park GD. Effects of stair square step exercise on gait and balance ability in stroke patients. Korea National University of Transportation. Dissertation of Master's Degree. 2016.
- Cram JR, Kasman GS. Introduction to surface electromyography. USA, Jones & Bartlett Publishers 1998:1-8.
- Zaino CA, Marchese VG, Westcott SL. Timed up and down stairs test: preliminary reliability and validity of a new measure of functional mobility. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2004;16(2):90-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.PEP.0000127564.08922.6A
- Jonsdottir J, Cattaneo D. Reliability and validity of the dynamic gait index in persons with chronic stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007;88 (11):1410-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.109
- Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed "up & go": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991;39(2): 142-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x
- Hill KD, Bernhardt J, McGann AM et al. A new test of dynamic standing balance for stroke patients: reliability, validity and comparison with healthy elderly. Physiother Can. 1996;48(4):257-62. https://doi.org/10.3138/ptc.48.4.257
- Hong SJ, Goh EY, Chua SY et al. Reliability and validity of step test scores in subjects with chronic stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;93(6): 1065-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2011.12.022
- Kim KS. A correlational study on activities of daily living, self-efficacy, stroke specific quality of life and need for self-help management programs for patients with hemiplegia at home. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2001;8(1):81-94.
- Kim HS, Kim YS. A study on the quality of life, self-efficacy and family support of stroke patients in oriental medicine hospitals. Korean J Health Edu Promot. 2003;20(1):111-30.
- Bohannon RW, Morton MG, Wikholm JB. Importance of four variables of walking to patients with stroke. Int J Rehabil Res. 1991;14(3):246-50. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004356-199109000-00010
- Christina KA, Cavanagh PR. Ground reaction forces and frictional demands during stair descent: effects of age and illumination. Gait Posture. 2002;15(2):153-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00164-3
- Bassett DR, Vachon JA, Kirkland AO et al. Energy cost of stair climbing and descending on the college alumnus questionnaire. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 1997;29(9):1250-54.
- Hussein S, Schmidt H, Volkmar M et al. Muscle activation of stroke patients during stair climbing in robot assisted gait training. 2nd ed, USA, IEEE RAS & EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics, 2008:875-80.
- Burnfield M. Gait Analysis: normal and pathological function. J Sports Sci Med. 2010;9:353.
- James B, Parker A. Electromyography of stair locomotion in elderly men and women. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1989;29(3):161-8.
- Choi MS. The effects of stepper exercise with visual feedback on strength, walking and stair climbing in individuals following stroke. Sahmyook University. Dissertation of Doctorate Degree. 2014.
- Ouellette MM, LeBrasseur NK, Bean JF et al. High-intensity resistance training improves muscle strength, self-reported function, and disability in long-term stroke survivors. Stroke. 2004;35(6):1404-9. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000127785.73065.34
- Kim JS. The effect of action observation on gait in hemiparesis patients. JKAIS. 2012;13(8):3610-7.
- Lacourse MG, Orr EL, Cramer SC et al. Brain activation during execution and motor imagery of novel and skilled sequential hand movements. Neuroimage. 2005;27(3):505-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.04.025
- Hecht H, Vogt S, Prinz W. Motor learning enhances perceptual judgment: a case for action-perception transfer. Int J Psychol Res. 2001;65(1): 3-14.
- Yoo EY, Chung BI. The effect of visual feedback plus mental practice on symmetrical weight-bearing training in people with hemiparesis. Clin Rehabil. 2006;20(5):388-97. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215506cr962oa
- Bang DH, Shin WS, Kim SY, et al. The effects of action observational training on walking ability in chronic stroke patients: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2013;27(12):1118-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215513501528
- Sanford JA, Griffiths PC, Richardson P et al. The effects of in-home rehabilitation on task self-efficacy in mobility-impaired adults: a randomized clinical trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54(11):1641-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00913.x
- Dixon G, Thornton EW, Young CA. Perceptions of self-efficacy and rehabilitation among neurologically disabled adults. Clin Rehabil. 2007; 21(3):230-40. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215506071784
- Marks R, Allegrante JP. A review and synthesis of research evidence for self-efficacy-enhancing interventions for reducing chronic disability: implications for health education practice (part II). Health Promot Pract. 2005;6(2):148-56. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839904266792