• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.6173-6180
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• 2013

Background: Our objective was to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Thai generalists (general physicians) toward palliative terminal cancer care (PC) in a primary care setting. Materials and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional descriptive survey using a self-administered questionnaire. The total number of completed and returned questionnaires was 63, giving a 56% response rate. Data analysis was based on these (Cronbach's alpha=0.82) and percentages and mean values were assessed using the Fisher's exact test to determine the correlation of variables. Results: Overall, attitude and knowledge levels were slightly satisfactory. Results indicated that general physicians had moderate scores in both attitudes (84.1%) and knowledge (55.7%) regarding palliative terminal cancer care. However, they had insufficient knowledge regarding truth telling, pain control and management with morphine, emergency management in terminal cancer care and treatment of fluid intake in terminal stages. Attitude and knowledge scores were statistically correlated (p=0.036). Knowledge scores were further positively associated with being taught palliative care in their medical curriculum (p=0.042). Conclusions: Formal education in palliative care and development of palliative care services are very much needed in Thailand to provide holistic care to terminally ill patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.879-883
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• 2012

Cervical cancer is caused by HPV infection and can be prevented by early vaccination. Objective: To assess Syrian women's level of knowledge and determinants of good knowledge of cervical cancer, HPV infection and its vaccines. Methods: A cross sectional survey was undertaken among mothers with daughters in sixth grade classes enrolled in primary schools in Aleppo city, Syria. Samples were selected through cluster sampling and data collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Less than a third of the mothers had heard of HPV infection and vaccines against cervical cancer and levels of knowledge were generally low. Good knowledge was associated with high education level, higher family monthly income, having few - less than four children, positive history of cervical cancer screening, and working or having relatives working in the medical field. The main source of information was television and few reported health care providers as a source of knowledge on HPV infection and vaccine. Conclusion: Since knowledge of HPV infection and its connection with cervical cancer and its vaccine are low, more efforts must be made to educate Syrians prior to introduction of any HPV vaccination programme. Public health efforts must focus on educating mothers, the public as well as health care providers.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.3 no.1 s.9
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• pp.65-73
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• 2002

By its nature, software part of the construction industry such as engineering and so forth has been kept secret to outside, as it determines a company$^{\circ}{\phi}s$ competitiveness. As a result, construction field knowledge usually disappears with the end of a project. The objective of this study is to develop the knowledge management (BM) learning model tuned in to construction area in order to manage project-related knowledge and promote the knowledge management. This study presented a learning model for knowledge management in the construction field, with the aim to integrate a series of processes. The model is composed of EIP, EDMS, knowledge and failure cases management, CoP and e-Learning.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 2006

The objective of the study is to verify the discriminatory power of technology innovation in predicting Early Stage Ventures' success or failure. To accomplish this objective, we test early stage ventures'(Firm's period is below 3 years)technology innovation and performance. The result of the study is expected to be useful in loan evaluation, investment decision, internal management decision making and business improvement. The results of study is as follows. First, Early Stage Ventures' technology innovation power is composed of 4 major indexes(technology, marketability, manufacturing infra and economic feasibility). Second, we find that thirty-seven minor indexes are significant ex-ante variable which are discriminating between firms' success and failure in Early Stage Ventures. Also thirty-seven minor indexes explain 57.2% of the total variance. This explainable power of these indexes is similar to that of the existing 58 index elements. Finally, we find that the most important technology innovation power of Early Stage Ventures' is economic feasibility.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.850-863
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• 2017

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of preclinical OSCE(Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation) on knowledge, confidence in their Core fundamental nursing skills and self-efficacy in nursing students. Method. The research design was a one group pretest-posttest design and it was done to assess changes in knowledge, confidence in core fundamental nursing skills and self-efficacy from pre to the post-test which was given after the OSCE. Data were collected from March 5 to April 7, 2016 from 37 nursing students who were taking the 15-hours using OSCE learning module at one Gyeongbuk-do, P-city. This practicum was composed of 4 core fundamental nursing skills and 5 other fundamental nursing skills. The knowledge consisted of a 10-item by researchers and the confidence of core fundamental nursing skills consisted of an 9-item NRS and the self-efficacy consisted of a 17-item 5-point scale and measured in both the pretest and posttest. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS IBM 20.0 program for the frequency, percentage, x2-test, and paired t-test. Rusult. The results showed that although scores of knowledge of OSCE learning module were significanlty increased from 5.22 to 7.03(t=5.30, p<.001). There were significantly increased in scores of confidence in core fundamental nursing skills from 5.13 to 7.27(t=10.01, p<.001), In the sub-scales of each core fundamental nursing skills was scored the highest. otherwise, there was no significant difference in self-efficacy(t=1.42, p=.161). Conclusions. Based on the results, this study suggests that OSCE module development activities for nursing students in nursing education-learning in order to improve nursing skills.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.4813-4818
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• 2016

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of chewing gutka,areca nut, snuff and tobacco smoking among the young population in the Northern India Population between the age of 15 to 22 years. Methods: The study was approved by the ethical committee. A total of 10 school and colleges located in the rural and urban areas was selected. A total of 1500 young individuals aged between 15 to 22 years were selected. A self-administered questionnaire was designed comprised of 14 closed ended questions about Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards consumption of areca nut, gutka and tobacco smoking that were filled by the participants. Descriptive statistics were obtained and mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentages were calculated. Data was analyzed by using SPSS. Result: A total of 1050 out of 1500 students responded to the questionnaire. A total of 227 subjects agreed that they are consuming the tobacco. Out of this, 196 (86.34%) were boys and 31 (13.65%) were girls who agreed in consumption of tobacco product. Out of 196, 150 boys (76.5%) practices the habit of smoking 1 -5 times a day and 46 (23.4% ) practice the habit of chewing areca nut and gutkha 1 - 5 times a day. Out of 31 girls, 25 girls (80.6%) practices the habit of smoking 1 -5 times a day and 6 (19.4%) practice the habit of chewing areca nut and gutkha 1 - 5 times a day. Out of 740 subjects, 530 were boys and 210 girls have full knowledge of deleterious long term effects of tobacco consumption. Conclusion:The present study concluded that young population of North India lack Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding consumption of areca nut, gutka and tobacco smoking. Here is an urgent need to take effective steps, especially on launching community awareness programs for the school children and public to educate them about the consequences of tobacco use, and on assessing their effectiveness in curbing the problem.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.107-113
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• 2013

Problem solving and/or decision making process usually encountered in human living consists of a sequence of human behaviors based upon his/her knowledge. Thus, Rasmussen introduced Skill-Rule-Knowledge paradigm to countermeasure human errors that can occur in Nuclear Power Plants. Unfortunately however, it was not so easy as expected since objective evidence have not been obtainable with conventional research techniques. With the help of EEG band pawer ratio techniques, this study tried to get psycho-physiological symptoms of human errors, if any, while human beings perform knowledge-based behaviors such as simple arithmetic computations with different difficulty level. A set of simulated works was carried out with a computer station. Four kinds of arithmetic computation tasks were given to 10 health male under-graduate students on different day individually, and during the experiment, EEG and ECG was measured continuously for objective psycho-physiological analysis. According to the results, ${\alpha}$/(${\alpha}+{\beta}$) as well as ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ band power ratio were sensitive to task difficulty level which consistently decreased both. However, any one of them failed to reveal the influence of tasks with different difficulty level in the aspect of task duration time. On the contrary, Heart Rate Variability was more suggestive than expected. To make a conclusion, it can be said that band power of EEG waves will be helpful in not only assessment of work difficulty level but also assessment of workers' skill development if supported by cardiac function such as HRV.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.19-38
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• 2018

Objective: This study explores how pre-service teachers' knowledge changed in the field of movement education and the characteristics of the instruction they perceived during a 15-week course. Methods: The drawing of concept maps and interviews were used to discuss how pre-service teachers' knowledge changed and the characteristics of the course. Results: The results showed that the pre-service teachers interrelated concepts in a more systematic way, and the concepts they used were increased while master concepts were decreased, indicating that their knowledge changed in a far more hierarchical order after the class. Characteristics of the course that led to a change in their knowledge appeared under the proper guidance of a professor. This was well demonstrated by feedback and evaluation at the stage of planning instruction and simulation teaching. Conclusion/Implications: The study demonstrated that the proper guidance of a professor was a useful tool for fostering the professional development of pre-service teachers in regard to constructing knowledge in movement education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1303-1318
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• 2010

This study is to understand the characteristics of Korean and Japanese consumers by analyzing the relation among consumer attitudes, concepts, and knowledge about luxury brands. In addition, the present study is to help to establish more effective marketing strategies for luxury companies by providing new data based on consumer knowledge. The author conducted a survey on a total of 816 male/female Korean and Japanese subjects ranging in age from 20 to 50s. The results of this study are as follows: First, Korean consumers have more positive attitudes toward luxury brands than Japanese consumers. Second, regarding the concepts about luxury brands, Korean consumers have concepts of luxury such as "involvement" "symbol of status" "scarcity" and "hedonism"and Japanese consumers have concepts such as "involvement" "ostentation" "high value"and "ornamentation" Third, Korean consumers are more confident in their knowledge and experiences about luxury brand consumption than Japanese consumers. The subjective knowledge has positive impacts on consumer attitudes toward luxury brands and becomes one of the reasons for the friendlier attitudes of Korean consumers toward luxury brands, compared to Japanese consumers. Fourth, the level of objective knowledge of Korean and Japanese consumers is high; but there is no statistically significant difference in the two countries.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.5035-5042
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• 2014

Background: Knowledge and individual perceptions about adverse effects of all forms of tobacco exert direct influence on the level of tobacco consumption in various socio-demographic groups. The objective of this study was to determine the nature, extent and demographic correlates of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of use of tobacco among adults in low and middle income countries. Materials and Methods: The Global Adult Tobacco Survey, conducted in fourteen different countries from 2008-2010, was sourced for the data analyzed in this study. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted to determine the prevalent knowledge and individual perceptions amongst adults about all forms of tobacco consumption. Results: There was relatively high awareness about the harmful effects of smoking tobacco with main awareness being about its relationship with lung cancer (>90% in most countries). In contrast, there was relatively low awareness about harmful effects of smokeless tobacco (< 90% in all countries except India and Bangladesh), and observed correlation of smoking tobacco with heart attack (40.6% in China, 65.1% in India) and stroke (28.2% in China, 50.5% in India). Conclusions: A large proportion of adults living in low and middle income countries possess adequate knowledge about smoking tobacco but have inadequate awareness as well as false perceptions about smokeless forms of tobacco. Popular beliefs of inverse relationships of tobacco consumption with knowledge, attitudes and perception of populations towards tobacco are challenged by the findings of this study.