• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.637-642
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• 1996

Preparation and properties of potential CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) precursors for the TiO2, a major component of the perovskite materials such as PT, PLT, PZT, and PLZT were investigated. Reactions between β-diketones and TiMe3, formed in situ failed to produce stable Ti(β-diketonate)3 complexes but a stable purple solid, characterized as (OTi(BPP)2)2 (BPP=1,3-biphenyl-1,3-propanedione) was obtained when BPP was used. Several new Ti(Oi-Pr)2(β-diketonate)2 complexes with aromatic or ring substituents were synthesized by the substitution reaction of Ti(OiPr)4by β-diketones and characterized with 1H NMR, IR, ICP, and TGA. Solid complexes such as Ti(Oi-Pr)2(BAC)2 (BAC=1.-phenyl-2,4-pentanedione), Ti(Oi-Pr)2(BPP)2, Ti(Oi-Pr)2(1-HAN)2 (1-HAN=2-hydroxy-1-acetonaphthone), Ti(Oi-Pr)2(2-HAN)2 (2-HAN=1-hydroxy-2-acetonaphthone), Ti(Oi-Pr)2(ACCP)2 (ACCP=2-acetylcyclopentanone), and Ti(Oi-Pr)2(HBP)2 (HBP=2-hydroxybenzophenone) were found to be stable toward moisture and air. Ti(Oi-Pr)2(ACCP)2 and Ti(Oi-Pr)2(HBP)2 were proved to have lower melting points and higher decomposition temperatures. However, these complexes are thermally stable and pyrolysis under an inert atmosphere resulted in incomplete decomposition. Ti(Oi-Pr)2(DPM)2 (DPM=dipivaloylmethane) and Ti(Oi-Pr)2(HFAA)2 (HFAA=hexafluoroacetylacetone) were sublimed substantially during the thermal decomposition. Pyrolysis mechanism of these complexes are dependent on type of β-diketone but removal of Oi-Pr ligands occurs before the decomposition of β-diketonate ligands.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.277-285
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• 2013

Background: Opioid analgesics are widely used to reduce postoperative pain and to enhance post-operative recovery. However, orthostatic intolerance (OI) induced by opioid containing intravenous patient controlled analgesia (IPCA) may hinder postoperative recovery. This study investigated factors that affect OI in patients receiving IPCA for postoperative pain control. Methods: OI was instantly evaluated at the time of first ambulation in 175 patients taking opioid containing IPCA after open and laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomies. Patients were classified as having OI if they experienced dizziness, nausea/vomiting, blurred vision, headache, somnolence and syncope. Factors contributing to OI were assessed with logistic regression analysis. Results: Out of 175 patients, 61 (52.6%) male and 44 (74.6%) female patients experienced OI at the time of first ambulation. The frequency of OI related symptoms were dizziness (97, 55.4%), nausea (46, 26.3%), headache (9, 5.1%), blurred vision (3, 1.7%) and vomiting (2, 1.1%). Significant risk factors for OI were gender (P=0.002) and total amount of opioids administered (P=0.033). Conclusions: The incidence of OI is significantly higher in male than in female patients and is influenced by the opioid dose.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 2006

Objective : As today obese children have increased rapidly in Korea, the interest has been much increased. And parents concern about the effect of Herbal Medication(HM) on gaining weight. Therefore we had a retrospective study HM and obesity for children. Method : We examined medical record of 38 patients who visited to Department of Pediatrics in 00 medical center from 2002 to 2006 and took HM. Their Hight, Weight, Obesity Index(OI) were estimated at two points: before and after HM treatment. And they were divided into two groups according to the HM type and analyzed for differences of OI. Result : There were no significant changes in 38 patients's OI before and after treatment. But only one case gained over weight(OI: 21.31). OI increased slightly after treatment but there were not statistically significance. OI according to the HM type had slightly difference but there were not statistically significance. There were no connections between HM type, the number of days taking HM and changes of OI. Conclusion : On the basis of this study, we thought there were no connections between HM and obesity for children. But this study's cases are small in number so more study is need.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.74-93
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• 2013

Although open innovation (OI) has been an important research theme for over a decade, its theoretical framework has been relatively under-researched. As OI involves a wide range of innovation activities, a firm's capacities in the use of the various firm resources play a critical role in OI implementation. However, it is unclear how they affect firms' performances for little is known of OI capacities. Based on a theoretical framework derived from the literature, this study looks into the relationships between six OI capacities (inventive, absorptive, transformative, connective, innovative, and desorptive) and financial performance using the Korean Innovation Survey (KIS) 2008 data. The research model was tested using structural equation modelling (SEM) while potential differences in capacities between different firm groups were also investigated. The results indicate that 1) OI capacities are significantly associated with firms' financial performance; 2) capacities are highly correlated with one another; and 3) some capacities are differently configured between different types of firms. Findings suggest that policy makers should pay more attention to helping firms enhance OI capacities and attempt to develop relevant policies in order to complement inadequate capacities.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.55-68
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• 2007

We carried out a validation study on AURIC FUV/EUV dayglow calculation with $OII\;834{\AA},\;OI\;989{\AA},\;OI\;1027{\AA},\;NII\;1085{\AA},\;NI\;1134{\AA},\;NI\;1200{\AA},\;OI\;1304{\AA},\;OI\;1356{\AA}$ dayglows observed by STP78-1 satellite. Comparison between calculated and observed values indicates that they are in agreement within about 20% for dayglows of $OII\;834{\AA},\;OI\;1027{\AA},\;NI\;1200{\AA},\;OI\;1304{\AA}$. However, the calculated intensities of $OI\;989{\AA},\;NII\;1085{\AA},\;NI\;1134{\AA}$ are only 42, 74 and 45% of the observed values, respectively, showing serious differences from the observation. It was surmised that the differences in $OI\;989{\AA}\;and\;NI\;1134{\AA}$ are due to incomplete calculation of radiative transfer and uncertain photochemical processes in AURIC model, respectively. The difference in $NII\;1085{\AA}$ is conjectured to be due to variation of the input solar EUV flux rather than due to AURIC model itself. For up-looking dayglows from the satellite, the calculated values from AURIC are all less than those of STP78-1, which may imply that AURIC model does not include dayglow contribution from regions below the satellite altitude when it computes dayglows in up-looking direction. The differences are particularly serious for $OI\;989{\AA},\;NI\;1134{\AA},\;NI\;1200{\AA}$ dayglows. The calculated latitudinal variation of $OII\;834{\AA}$ dayglow is also significantly different from the observed one, especially at mid-latitude regions. This may be due to inability of MSISE-90 (in input of AURIC) to simulate oxygen atom densities at mid-latitudes during auroral storms at those days of STP78-1 observations. Our findings of the validation study should be resolved when AURIC model is revised in future.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.201-205
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• 2016

Gongylidioides kaihotsui Saito and Ono, 2001 and Mermessus naniwaensis (Oi, 1960) of Linyphiidae are described from Korea with taxonomic illustrations. The genera Gongylidioides Oi, 1960 and Mermessus O.P.-Cambridge, 1899 are newly recorded genera to Korean spider fauna.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 2015

'Bt-Plus' has been developed by mixing spores of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and culture broth of Xenorhabdus nematophila (Xn). Despite its high toxicity, it has some imitation to broaden its efficacy against diverse insect pest spectrum. This study focuses on enhancement of Bt-Plus toxicity against semi-susceptible insect, Spodoptera exitgua, by addition of Xn metabolites. Two main Xn metabolites, oxindole (OI) and benzylideneacetone (BZA), are known to enhance the Bt insecticidal activities. The addition of OI or BZA significantly increased Bt-Plus pathogenicity. However, when the freeze-dried Xn culture broth was added to Bt-Plus, much less amount was enough to enhance the toxicity compared to the amount of OI or BZA. An HPLC analysis indicated that there were more than 12 unidentifed bacterial metabolites in Xn culture broth. These suggest that there are potent biological response modifiers in Xn metabolites other than OI and BZA.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2008

Purpose : To examine whether changes of oxygenation index (OI) by postnatal age were different by the number of surfactant administration, and different between subgroups of survival and death. Methods : From January 2005 to June 2006, preterm infants (n=84) diagnosed as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and treated with surfactant and ventilator were included. They were divided into two groups: Group I (n=54) was infants received surfactant, one time and Group II (n=30) was infants received surfactant, two times. We also categorized group I & II infants into two subgroups in each group: survival group and death group. We calculated OI at birth, 24 hr, 48 hr and 72 hr after birth. Results : Gestational age ($30.1{\pm}2.6wk\;vs\;28.4{\pm}3.4wk$) and birth weight ($1,478{\pm}442g\;vs\;1,199{\pm}495g$) were different between group I and group II. In preterm infants with RDS, the changes of OI by postnatal age were different between groups (P=0.001) and different with time change (P<0.001). In group I, the OI of survival subgroup showed decreasing by postnatal age compared with death subgroup, but was not significantly different between subgroups. In group II, the change of OI was not different between survival and death. Conclusion : These findings suggest that OI helps to predict the respiratory condition in preterm infants with RDS.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.773-776
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• 2013

We have prepared 1-D BiSI and 2-D BiOI nanostructures, and characterized them by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction crystallography, thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry, and UV-visible absorption. Here, we first report clear HR-TEM image of BiSI. In addition, we first found that the growth direction of BiSI is [12-1] plane, with the neighboring distance of 0.30 nm. The crystal structures of BiSI and BiOI are found to be orthorhombic (Pnam) and tetragonal (P4/nmm), respectively. The absorption band gaps of BiSI and BiOI are measured to be 1.55 and 1.92 eV, respectively. Our study could further highlight the applications of V-VI-VII compounds.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.592-592
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• 2013

We synthesized BiOI nanostructures with various doped-concentrations of Ag (0.1, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0 mol%) and Ti (1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 30.0, 50.0 mol%). They show spherical echinoid-like structures examined by scanning electron microscope. The BET surface areas were measured to be in the range of 40~70 $m^2$/g, which is reduced by doping. The indirect band gap was estimated to be 1.8 eV for undoped BiOI with no change and 1.0 eV increase upon Ag and Ti doping, respectively. The structures were further examined by X-Ray diffraction analysis, FT-IR, and photoluminescence. We also demonstrated adsorption and photocatalytic degradation performances for methyl orange and Rhodamine B on the echinoid-like BiOI structures.