• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2005

Pressure ulcers are serious complications of tissue damage that can develop in patients with diminished pain sensation and diminished mobility. Pressure ulcers can result in irreversible tissue damage caused by ischemia resulting from external loading. There are many intrinsic and extrinsic contributors to the problem, including interface tissue pressure, shear, temperature, moisture, hygiene, nutrition, tissue tolerance, sensory and motor dysfunction, disease and infection, posture, and body support systems. The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between buttock interface pressure and seating position, wheelchair propulsion speed. Seated-interface pressure was measured using the Force Sensing Array pressure mapping system. Twenty subjects propelled wheelchair handrim on a motor-driven treadmill at different velocities (40, 60, 80 m/min) and seating position used recline ($100^{\circ}$, $110^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$) with a wheelchair simulator. Interface pressure consists of average (mean of the pressure sensor values) and maximum pressure (highest individual sensor value). The results of this study were as follows; No significant correlation in maximum/average pressure was found between a static position and a 40 m/min wheelchair propulsion (p>.05). However, a significant increase in maximum/average pressure were identified between conditions of a static position and 60 m/min, and 80 m/min wheelchair propulsion (p<.05). No significant correlation in maximum pressure were found between a $90^{\circ}$ recline (neutral position) and a $100^{\circ}$, $110^{\circ}$, or $120^{\circ}$ recline of the wheelchair back (p>.05). No significant difference in average pressure was found between conditions of a $90^{\circ}$ recline and both a $100^{\circ}$ and $110^{\circ}$ recline of wheelchair back. However, a significant reduction in average pressure was identified between conditions of a $90^{\circ}$ and $120^{\circ}$ recline of wheelchair back (p<.05). This study has shown some interesting results that reclining the seat by $120^{\circ}$ reduced average interface pressure, including the reduction or prevention in edema. And interface pressure was greater during dynamic wheelchair propulsion compared with static seating. Therefore, the optimal seating position and seating system ought to provide postural control and pressure relief. We need an education on optimal seating position and a suitable propulsion speeds for wheelchair users.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.299-305
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to confirm the relevance between the frequency of beverage consumption and periodontal disease among Korean adults. The data used for analysis was obtained from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2015). The subjects were 9,042 adults aged 19 to 64. In non-smoking group, people with periodontal disease had less intake of milk, carbonated beverage, and fruit juice and more intake of coffee than people without periodontal disease. In smoking group, people with periodontal disease had less intake of milk, liquid yogurt, carbonated beverage, and fruit juice and more intake of coffee than people without periodontal disease. In the results of verifying the correlation between periodontal disease and beverage intake in accordance with the matter of smoking after revising the socio demographic characteristics, in non-smoking group, the intake of coffee was correlated with periodontal disease. In smoking group, the intake of milk was correlated with periodontal disease. Since the intake frequency of some beverages is related to periodontal disease, there should be guidelines on beverage consumption during the periodontal disease prevention education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.309-316
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the prevalence and related factors of metabolic syndrome in Korean adolescents. Method: Based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2015, 404 adolescents aged 12-18 years were enrolled. We used the adolescent Ford method as the diagnostic criteria for adolescent metabolic syndrome. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2$-test, and logistic regression with SPSS WINDOW 23.0 program. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adolescents was 6.5% (6.5% for boys and 6.4% for girls). Among metabolic syndrome components, the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (28.8%) was the highest, followed by elevated triglycerides (21.3%), increased waist circumference (14.1%), decreased high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (11.5%), and elevated fasting blood sugar (7.8%). The only factor associated with metabolic syndrome in both boys and girls was the Body Mass Index (BMI), and the likelihood of a metabolic syndrome increased by 1.6 to 2.3 times (Adjusted OR=1.552 to 2.313, p=0.001) as the BMI increased. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, an intervention program should be developed and provided to maintain the BMI in the normal range for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome in Korean adolescents.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4073-4081
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• 2012

This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of arthritis and to identify subgroups with high prevalence rates of arthritis. Study subjects were 18,406 Korean adults aged 19 and more from the 4th (2007-2009) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys data. Annual self-reported prevalence and its rate ratios by demographic and behavioral factors were calculated using SAS 9.2 with survey procedure. The result was as follows. The crude prevalence of arthritis was 11.7% (osteoarthritis 10.2% and rheumatoid arthritis 1.7%). The prevalence was increased by age strata (2.4% in 19-44 aged, 16.4% in 45-64, 38.3% in 65 and more). After adjusting for age, we found the subgroups with high prevalence: older people, women, residents in non-apartment area, separated and divorced people, people with low education, people with several occupations (agricultural and fishery workers, elementary occupations, and unemployed), people with low household incomes, people with medical aid, and people with higher BMI. Those subgroups may be target populations in community health programs to control the disability from arthritis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.27-44
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• 1999

Obesity in children is a major concern of public health. This study was performed to illuminate its effect on weight control program and the associated factors of obesity-related habits and obesity index in primary school obese children. Weight control program consisted of behavioral modification, nutrition education and exercise during 17 weeks. The sample consisted of treatment group(n=42) and control group(n=41). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in obesity index, socioeconomic status and grade. To assess the effects of weight control program, the subjects were given pre-test and post-test such as the measurement of anthropometric values and self-reporting questionnaire. This result of this study were as follows; 1. After weight control program was applied, there was a significant decrease in obesity index among the treatment group. Obesity-related habits score of the treatment group increased significantly, While there was not much difference between the pre-test and the post-test among the control group. But exercise habit didn't increase significantly in the both groups. 2. Correlation between obesity-related habits and obesity index were not evident. 3. After application of weight control program, the factors associated with change of eating habit were children's past experience of weight control, motivational change toward weight control program and friends' support for treatment group. The factors associated with change of exercise habit were post-test motivation score and friends' support. Motivational change toward weight control and pre-test self-efficacy of exercise behavior were counter-related to exercise habit. For change of other obesity-related habits, initial obesity index, motivational change, post-test self-efficacy score of exercise behavior and paternal educational status were closely associated. But post-test self-efficacy score of eating behavior was unrelated. 4. Only the factor of experience of weight control was associated with change of obesity index. 5. For the both groups, the factors associated with change of eating habits were post-test self-efficacy of eating behavior and family's support. The factors associated with change of exercise behavior were self-efficacy changes of exercise behavior and friends' support. The factors associated with change of other obesity-related habits were self-efficacy change of eating behavior. Initial obesity index was associated with change of obesity index. 6. The rate of dropouts from weight control program was 28.6% (12/42) in treatment group. Initial obesity index, other obesity-related habits except eating exercise habits, friend's support were associated with dropout. In conclusion, these results indicated that weight control program in primary school settings was effective. Direct exercise regimen and practice was demanded. In addition to the program itself, much of the success is dependent on the degree of motivation of the children involved and support provided by their parents and friends. Further study need to be performed under the condition that the weight control progrom is applied for a longer period.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.297-303
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• 2018

This study investigated the effect of community-based health intervention program to improve metabolic disease in Jeju island. There were 50 obese local residents in the experimental group (body mass index, $BMI{\geq}25kg/m^2$). They participated in cooking therapy with nutrition education (4 times), exercise program with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and stretching training (9 times), and alternative medicine program with healing touch massage (3 times) during a 3-week period. To evaluate the effectiveness of the program, body composition, blood lipid profiles, blood glucose, and waist circumference were assessed before and after the intervention program. After the program, the value of total cholesterol (TC), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), diastolic blood pressure, percent body fat, and waist circumference were decreased, and became the normal value. Especially, HbA1C, percent body fat, and waist circumference were significantly decreased (P<0.001) in the experimental group, while HbA1C, percent body fat, and waist circumference were significantly increased (P<0.001) in the control group (N=50), who had no intervention. Our results suggest that metabolic syndrome associated markers need intervention program for improving them. In conclusion, although this study did not analyze the effect of the health intervention program and cooking therapy separately, considering the result of this 3-week, short term program, the effect will be more profuse if cooking therapy and exercise program were performed concurrently.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.180-186
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• 2017

This study examined the prevalence of an impaired fasting glucose and related factors in normal non-diabetic adults. This study used the raw data (general characteristics, health behavior, obesity, impaired fasting glucose etc.) from the 6th Korea National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the second year (2014), and out of all 7,550 survey participants, 1,341 were selected as the final research subjects. After stratifying according to obesity, a logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors related to an impaired fasting glucose level. The older subjects were more likely to have an impaired fasting glucose in both the obesity group and normal weight group (p<.001). The obesity group showed a higher impaired fasting glucose rate when they drank more alcohol (p<.05) and consumed less fruit (p<.05). Therefore, balanced nutrients and control of the blood sugar level through proper education and public health policies of fruit intake and alcohol are needed.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2011

Purpose: In this study, eye-health inequity was investigated by analyzing the relationship between household incomes and eye-health of senior citizens. Further, this study suggested the preliminary data for establishment of public eye-health policy in order to improve low income senior citizens' life quality. Methods: The data from the 2009 Survey of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination were analyzed in this study. The objectives of the KNHNE survey were over 65 year old group (1,668 people). Main factors of eye-health (visual acuity, cataract, pterygium, intraocular pressure, retinophathy, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinophathy, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia prevalence) were analyzed with t-test and chi square test. Results: Low income group revealed that refractive error rate and intraocular pressure were low, however, naked eye visual acuity and corrected visual acuity were high at 0.1 to less than 0.5. On the other hands, in the high income group, there was high prevalence of hyperopia. Cataract mainly occurred at low income group besides group which maximum corrected visual acuity was below 0.8 also highly showed cataract. Moreover, the prevalence of cataract showed that it related with smoking, drinking, occupation, and education level. Conclusions: Results revealed that there was inequity of eye-health which related with socioeconomic status of the elderly. Especially, the prevalence of cataract was correlated with life quality. Consequently, establishment of public eye-health policy seems to be required for eye-health inequity of low income senior citizens.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.336-344
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• 2015

This study evaluated the association between metabolic syndrome(MetS), its components and depression among Korean community-dwelling older adults. We analyzed data from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES-V) 2010-2012. This study was a descriptive study of 3,755 Korean elderly, aged 65 years and older. A modified version of the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III was used to define MetS. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the questionnaire of the KNHANES-V. Multiple regression analyses performed the association between MetS, its components and depression. MetS was not statistically associated depressive symptoms, but low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) was statistically associated depressive symptoms(Odds raio[OR]=1.26, 95%Confidence Interval [CI]=1.002-1.584) in older adults. Among elderly women, MetS(OR=1.36, 95%CI=1.029-1.792), elevated fasting glucose(OR=1.41, 95%CI=1.070-1.851), low HDL-C(OR=1.21, 95%CI=1.078-1.746) were statistically associated depressive symptoms. In conclusion, present study showed an association between MetS and depressive symptoms in Korean community dwelling elderly women but not in men.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.339-360
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to revitalize library service by examining how public and medical libraries provide health and medical information services. For this purpose, we conducted a survey of the two library types, and the results are as follows. First, more than 50% of the questions public librarians were termed "immediate answer" questions, while more than 80% of the questions medical librarians receive take up to a few days' time to answer. Public librarians were more likely to comment on the limitations of their expertise and information resources as compared to the medical librarians. Second, public librarians use mainly medical journals and websites for answering users' requests. However, medical librarians used, in almost the same ratio, all types of information resources represented in the survey questions. Third, when asking about health/medical-related training contents for performing their tasks, public and medical librarians are highly interested in all information about all health-related issues. However, while medical librarians showed high interest in all subject areas, public librarians most preferred well-being related education topics such as Information on diet and nutrition, Information about exercise and fitness, and information on quitting smoking.