• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.79-87
• /
• 2007

The performance of a stream water quality analysis model depends upon many factors attributed to the geological characteristics of a watershed as well as the distribution behaviors of pollutant itself on a surface of watershed. Because the model run has to import the pollution load from the watershed as a boundary condition along an interface between a stream water body and a watershed, it has been used to introduce a pollution delivery coefficient to behalf of the boundary condition of load importation. Although a nonlinear regression model (NRM) was developed to cope with the limitation of a conventional empirical way, this an up-to-date study has also a limitation that it can't be applied where the pollution load washed off (assumed at a source) is less than that delivered (observed) in a stream. The objective of this study is to identify what causes the limitation of NRM and to suggest how we can purify the process to evaluate a pollution delivery coefficient using many field observed cases. As a major result, it was found what causes the pollution load delivered to becomes bigger than that assumed at the source. In addition, the pollution load discharged to a stream water body from a specific watershed was calculated more accurately.

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
• /
• 대한조선학회 2005년도 특별논문집
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 2005

In this paper, the procedure of generation and application of nonlinear wave loads for structural design of large container carrier was described. Ship motion and wave load was calculated by modified strip method. Pressure acting on wetted hull surface was calculated taking into account of relative hull motion to the wave. Design wave height was determined based on the most sensitive wave length considering rule vertical wave bending moment at head sea or fellowing sea condition. And the enforced heeling angie concept which was introduced by Germanischer Lloyd (GL) classification had been used to simulate high torsional moment in way of fore hold parts similar to actual sea going condition. Using wave load generated from this dynamic load calculation, FE analyses were performed. With this result, yielding, buckling, hatch diagonal deflection and fatigue strength of hatch corners were reviewed based on the requirement of GL classification. The results of FE analysis show good compatibility with GL classification.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.393-410
• /
• 2001

In an experimental and analytical study on the structural behavior of slender circular steel-concrete composite columns, eleven specimens were tested to investigate the effects of three ways to apply a load to a column. The load was applied eccentrically to the concrete section, to the steel section or to the entire section. Three-dimensional nonlinear finite element models were established and verified with the experimental results. The analytical models were also used to study how the behavior of the column was influenced by the bond strength between the steel tube and the concrete core and the by confinement of the concrete core offered by the steel tube. The results obtained from the tests and the finite element analyses showed that the behavior of the column was greatly influenced by the method used to apply a load to the column section. When relying on just the natural bond, full composite action was achieved only when the load was applied to the entire section of the column. Furthermore, because of the slenderness effects the columns did not exhibit the beneficial effects of composite behavior in terms of increased concrete strength due to the confinement.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2009

이 논문에서는 복잡한 기하학적 형상과 비선형 특성들을 보이는 곡선 프리스트레스트 콘크리트(PSC) 사장교의 극한거동을 안정적으로 예측하기 위한 비선형 해법을 제시하였다. PSC 교량 구조물의 비선형 거동 및 극한거동을 예측하기 위한 해법으로서 하중제어법(load control strategy)과 변위제어법(displacement control strategy)을 적용하였다. 콘크리트의 과다한 균열과 재료상태 및 케이블 장력의 급격한 변화로 인해 불평형력(unbalanced load)이 크게 변화하여 이들 두 해법으로 해를 구할 수 없는 경우에 대한 대안으로서 불평형력을 적정한 비율로 감소시키면서 하중제어 법을 적용하여 해를 안정적으로 구해 나가는 불평형력 감쇠(scale-down of the unbalanced load)를 적용한 하중제어법을 제시하였다. PSC 거더교의 극한해석을 수행하여 불평형력 감쇠를 적용한 하중제어법의 정당성을 평가하였다. 또한 곡선 PSC 사장교의 극한해석에 이 논문에서 제시한 비선형 해법을 적용하여 복잡한 비선형성으로 인해 해가 수렴하기 어려운 해석에도 이 해법이 유용함을 확인하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.19-30
• /
• 2014

본 연구에서는 강주탑 기부와 기초콘크리트 연결 구조에 대해서 국내에서 특수교량의 강주탑 기부 설계에 보편적으로 적용하고 있는 명석해협대교(明石海峽大橋) 시방기준과 비선형 FEM 해석결과를 비교하였다. 명석해협대교(明石海峽大橋) 시방기준은 1970년도에 만들어진 일본 기준으로 주탑 기부와 PS 강봉 및 기초콘크리트를 스프링으로 선형 모델링하여 설계하는 방법으로서 43년이 지난 지금까지도 간편성을 이유로 이 기준을 적용하고 있다. 그러나 비선형 FEM 해석결과의 비교를 통해 특수 장대교의 강주탑 기부의 해석 및 설계에 이 기준을 적용하는 것은 여러 가지 문제점이 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 풍하중, 지진하중에 주요하게 저항하면서도 다양한 부재들로 복잡하게 연결된 강주탑 기부에 대해서는 한계상태설계법으로 발전하려는 현 시대에 맞추어 실제 거동을 반영하는 비선형 FEM해석을 적용해야 할 것이다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제17권6호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2013

복합재료가 신재생 에너지 산업 관련 구조물 및 해양 구조물에서 좀 더 신뢰도 있는 주 하중 부재로 사용되기 위하여 복합재료평판의 확률론적 비선형 초기 파단 하중과 원공과 곡률이 있는 복합재료판의 확률론적 비선형 좌굴 하중이 평가되었다. 주어진 설계 추출점에서의 확정론적 유한요소해석 결과를 바탕으로 반응면기법을 이용하여 한계상태면을 확률변수로 이루어진 2차 다항식으로 근사하였다. 또한, MPFP 근처에서 좀 더 정확하게 한계상태면을 근사하기 위하여 반복적 선형보간법이 적용되었다. 파괴확률을 평가하기 위하여 근사된 한계상태면 상에서 향상된 일계이차모멘트법과 몬테카를로법이 수행되었다. 마지막으로 파단에 영향을 주는 주요한 확률변수를 파악하기 위하여 변환된 확률변수에 대한 신뢰도지수의 감도를 계산하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1997년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.392-397
• /
• 1997

In this paper, design and analysis of anchorage zone in prestressed concrete structure using nonlinear strut and tie model is presented. Nonlinear strut and tie model is an analysis and design model which constructs strut and tie model based on nonlinear analysis considering the nonlinear behavior of concrete. Based on the nonlinear strut and tie model, the analysis and design are performed for the anchorage zone having singular concentric tendons, singular eccentric tendons and multiple tendons, respectively. For verification of the model, comparisons are made with experimental results as well as results by linear strut and tie models. from the comparisons, it is shown that the design of the anchorage zone by the nonlinear model is still economical without loosing the degree of safety and the prediction of the ultimate load by the nonlinear model gives better accuracy than by the linear one.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.677-690
• /
• 2016

In this paper, the effect of damping ratio on nonlinear dynamic analysis response and dynamic increase factor (DIF) in nonlinear static analysis of structures against column removal are investigated and a modified empirical DIF is presented. To this end, series of low and mid-rise moment frame structures with different span lengths and number of storeys are designed and the effect of damping ratio in DIF is investigated, performing several nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. For each damping ratio, a nonlinear dynamic analysis and a step by step nonlinear static analysis are carried out and the modified empirical DIF formulas are derived. The results of the analysis reveal that DIF is decreased with increasing damping ratio. Finally, an empirical formula is recommended that relates to damping ratio. Therefore, the new modified DIF can be used with nonlinear static analysis instead of nonlinear dynamic analysis to assess the progressive collapse potential of moment frame buildings with different damping ratios.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.361-371
• /
• 2020

Exact solution for nonlinear behavior of clamped-clamped functionally graded (FG) buckled beams is presented. The effective material properties are considered to vary along the thickness direction according to exponential-law form. The in-plane inertia and damping are neglected, and hence the governing equations are reduced to a single nonlinear fourth-order partial-integral-differential equation. The von Kármán geometric nonlinearity has been considered in the formulation. Galerkin procedure is used to obtain a second order nonlinear ordinary equation with quadratic and cubic nonlinear terms. Based on the mode of the corresponding linear problem, which readily satisfy the boundary conditions, the frequencies for the nonlinear problem are obtained using the Jacobi elliptic functions. The effects of various parameters such as the Young's modulus ratio, the beam slenderness ratio, the vibration amplitude and the magnitude of axial load on the nonlinear behavior are examined.

• 소음진동
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.144-152
• /
• 2000

The identification of a nonlinear vibration system based on the time domain parametric model has been widely studied in recent years. In most of the studies, the NARMAX model has been used for the identification of a nonlinear system. However, the computational load for the identification with this model is quite heavy. In this paper, a new modeling procedure for nonlinear system identification in discrete time domain is proposed. The proposed model has less initial nonlinear terms than NARMAX model, and the terms in the proposed model are derived from physically meaningful way. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through the simulation, and the result shows that the proposed model can identify the nonlinear characteristics of the vibration system very will less computational effort.