• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.301-305
• /
• 2014

The aim of our study is to investigate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of an ethanol extract of the leaf and stem of Aralia cordata. Writhing responses induced by acetic acid, tail immersion test, and formalin-induced paw pain response for nociception and formalin-induced paw edema for inflammation were evaluated in mice. A. cordata (50 - 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and ibuprofen (100 mg/kg, p.o.), a positive non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing response, but they did not protect the thermal nociception in tail immersion test. However, morphine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) used as positive opioid control alleviated both the acetic acid-induced writhing response and thermal nociception in tail immersion test. In the formalin test, A. cordata (50 - 200mg/kg) and ibuprofen (200mg/kg) inhibited the second phase response (peripheral inflammatory response), but not the first phase response (central response), whereas morphine inhibited both phase pain responses. Both A. cordata (100 mg/kg) and ibuprofen (200 mg/kg) significantly alleviated the formalin-induced increase of paw thickness, the index of inflammation. These results show for the first time that the leaf and stem of A. cordata has a significant anti-nociceptive effect that seems to be peripheral, but not central. A. cordata also displays an anti-inflammatory activity in an acute inflammation model. The present study supports a possible use of the leaf and stem of A. cordata to treat pain and inflammation.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.216-221
• /
• 1999

The NAD(P)-linked $3{\alpha}-Hydroxysteroid$ $dehydrogenase(3{\alpha}-HSD)$ of rat liver cytosol is powerfully inhibited by the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in rank-order of their therapeutic potency, and this observation has now been developed into a rapid screen for predicting the potency of products that show anti-inflammatory effect. Five-plants were screened by using this method. Among them, BuOH-fraction of Mucuna birdwoodiana showed strong inhibitory effect on $3{\alpha}-HSD$, and three isoflavone compounds were isolated. Inhibitory activates of isolated compounds were compared.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.8-12
• /
• 1998

$3{\alpha}-Hydroxysteroid$ dehydrogenase $(3{\alpha}-HSD)$ is one of the main enzymes involved in the metabolism of the active androgen, dihydrotestosterone. The NAD(P)-linked $3{\alpha}-HSD$ of rat liver cytosol is powerfully inhibited by the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in rank-order of their therapeutic potency. This observation has now been developed into a rapid screen for predicting the potency of products that show anti-inflammatory effect. 52-Chinese Herbs that clear heat were screened by using this method.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.14-23
• /
• 2020

Objectives : We investigated the efficacy and safety of miniscalpel acupuncture (MA) treatment combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for chronic neck pain (CNP) in an assessor-blinded randomized controlled pilot trial to establish a basis for larger-scale randomized controlled studies on this subject. Methods : Participants (n=36) were recruited and randomly allocated to the MA group, NSAIDs and combined treatment group. The MA group received MA three times over three weeks. The NSAIDs group was administered orally with zaltoprofen 80mg t.i.d. over three weeks. The combined treatment group received MA and zaltoprofen in the same manner as MA and NSAIDs groups. The primary outcome was pain as assessed by a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the secondary outcomes were assessed using the Neck Disability index (NDI), EuroQol 5-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D), and Patients' Global Impression of Change scale (PGIC). Assessments were made at week 0 (baseline), 1, 2, 3 (primary end point) during treatment and at week 7 (4 weeks after the end of treatment). Results : 35 participants completed the study. No serious adverse event occurred and blood test results were within normal limits. The improvement of VAS and NDI was significantly greater in combined and MA group than that in NSAIDs group (p<0.017). The combined group showed better outcomes in EQ-5D at visit 2 and 5, in PGIC at visit 4 than the NSAIDs group (p<0.017). No significant differences were found between combined and MA group. Conclusions : Our results suggest that both combined and MA group can be more effective in improving pain control than NSAIDs group. A large-scale clinical study is warranted to further clarify these findings.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.68-73
• /
• 2020

Pain management is an important part of dental practice, and dentists frequently prescribe analgesics to improve clinical outcomes. Dentists should be aware of the pharmacological characteristics of the analgesics commonly used in dentistry and should choose appropriate analgesics to treat and prevent pain associated with inflammation or surgery. In this article, we review the potential benefits and risks of the analgesics frequently used in dental practice and provide a stepwise approach for pain management.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
• /
• 제49권2호
• /
• pp.88-98
• /
• 2017

비 스테로이드성 항염증제에 대한 개별적 독성증상을 예방하기 위해 로박스 플라티넘(Robax Platinum), 로박스아세트(Robaxacet), 나프록센(Naproxen) 그리고 재활치료를 선택적으로 처방하여 비 스테로이드 진통소염제(Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)에 대한 독성증상을 예방을 위한 효과 비교 연구를 진행하였다. 이 연구에서는 로박스 플라티넘(Robax platinum), 로박스아세트(Robaxacet), 나프록센(Naproxen)을 주한미군 처방전(Annex A-Over-The-Counter Prescription)을 기준으로 하여 처방하였고, 앨리스 리치의 통증 척도(Alice Rich's Pain Scale)를 사용하여 통증 경과를 비교하고 그 결과를 IBM SPSS statics 24 버전을 사용하여 데이를 계산했다. 결합된 메토카바몰(Methocarbamol, 500 mg), 아세트아미노펜(Acetaminophen, 325 mg), 이부프로펜(Ibuprofen, 200 mg) 정제는 결합된 메토카바몰(Methocarbamol, 500 mg) 정제와 함께 사용할 수 있다. 아세트아미노펜 (Acetaminophen, 325 mg)의 알약이 통증을 조절하는 방법으로 사용되었다. 메도카바몰 500mg, 아세트아미토펜 325 mg 및 이부프로펜 200 mg 정제의 약물 조합은 메도카바몰 500 mg 및 아세트아미노펜 325 mg 정제가 전반적인 통증 조절과 관련하여 물리적인 스트레칭 운동과 쌍을 이룬 것과 유사한 통증 완화효과를 나타내었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제51권6호
• /
• pp.685-691
• /
• 2013

이부프로펜은 비스테로이드성 소염진통제(Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs; NSAIDs)의 대표적인 성분이다. 이부프로펜은 결정성이 크기 때문에 난용성이며, 따라서 생체이용률(bioavailability)도 낮다. 이와 같은 난용성을 개선하기 위해서는 이부프로펜의 입도를 감소시킬 필요가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 이부프로펜의 분쇄조건을 최적화하는데 있다. 이부프로펜을 분쇄하기 위하여 유성밀을 사용하였으며, Box-Behnken 방법을 이용하여 분쇄변수들의 최적조건을 구하였다. 이부프로펜 분쇄생성물의 물성을 조사하기 위하여 입도, 결정크기 및 인장강도 측정에는 각각 입도분석기, XRD, tensile/compression tester를 사용하였다. 분쇄 최적조건은 밀회전수는 290 rpm, 시료장입량은 24.6 g, 분쇄시간은 10분이었으며, 이 조건에서 이부프로펜 분쇄생성물의 입도는 $13.5{\mu}m$이었다. 이부프로펜은 분쇄 후 결정크기가 감소하였다. 이부프로펜 분쇄생성물의 정제의 상대밀도가 0.85~0.90인 범위에서 그 정제의 인장강도는 $12{\sim}14Kg_f/cm^2$ 이었다.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.141-146
• /
• 2004

Selective COX-2 inhibitors were expected to retain anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of prostaglandin production with reduction of gastric and renal side effect associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This study reported the syntheses of novel 2-thiohydantoin and hydantoin derivatives which have the structure of 5-membered heterocyclic ring substituted with two aryl groups, phenyl group at 5-position and p-sulfamylphenyl or p-methoxyphenyl group at 1-position. These synthetic compounds showed significant COX-2 activities in vitro screening. Among them, 5-phenyl-2-thiohydantoin and hydantoin substituted with benzyl group at 3-position, compounds 5 and 8, could be considered as lead compounds with $IC_{50}$/=13.13∼18.78 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ for the development of COX-2 inhibitors.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.81-82
• /
• 2003

Recent studies suggest that inflammatory events are implicated in a variaty of human diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have beneficial effects for the treatment or prevention of these disorders. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the rate-limiting enzyme in the prostaglandin(PG) synthesis, is induced by various pro-inflammatory stimuli including nitric oxide(NO) and has been reported to cause and/or aggravate neuronal cell death.(omitted)

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.3-9
• /
• 2018

Long QT syndrome is a cardiac repolarization disorder and is associated with an increased risk of torsades de pointes. The acquired form is most often attributable to administration of specific medications and/or electrolyte imbalance. This review provides insights into the risk for QT prolongation associated with drugs frequently used in the treatment of chronic pain. In the field of pain medicine all the major drug classes (i.e. NSAIDs, opioids, anticonvulsive and antidepressant drugs, cannabinoids, muscle relaxants) contain agents that increase the risk of QT prolongation. Other substances, not used in the treatment of pain, such as proton pump inhibitors, antiemetics, and diuretics are also associated with long QT syndrome. When the possible benefits of therapy outweigh the associated risks, slow dose titration and electrocardiography monitoring are recommended.