• 제목/요약/키워드: Non-preference

검색결과 573건 처리시간 0.027초

Feeding Preference, Nymphal Development Time, Bodyweight Increase, and Survival Rate of the Bean Bug, Riptortus clavatus (Thurnberg) (Hemiptera: Alydidae), on Soybean Varieties

  • Choi, Man-Young;Lee, Geon-Hwi;Paik, Chae-Hoon;Seo, Hong-Yul;Oh, Young-Jin;Kim, Du-Ho;Kim, Jae-Duk
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제44권4호
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    • pp.287-292
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    • 2005
  • 톱다리개미허리노린재의 선호도가 가장 낮은 콩 품종은 시험에 이용된 25품종 중 광안콩, 남해콩, 서남콩, 소록콩, 안평콩 등 5품종이었다 그 다음으로 선호도가 낮은 품종은 풍산나물콩 등 7품종 이었으며, 명주나물콩과 은하콩은 톱다리개미허리노린재의 선호도가 비교적 높은 품종으로 3령약충기 일일발육량이 각각 14.9 mg과 13.9 mg으로 나타났다. 이에 반해 풍산나물콩에서는 일일발육량이 10.1 mg으로 나타났으며, 약충의 발육기간도 명주나물콩과 은하콩에 비해 3일 정도 긴 $24.5{\pm}2.1$ 2.1일이었고, 생존율은 명주나물콩과 은하콩에 비해 약간 낮은 83%로 나타났다. 생존율과 선호성 일일발육량 등을 비교해보면 풍산나물콩은 톱다리개미허리노린재에 대해 비선호성에 따른 저항성을 갖고 있는 것으로 보인다.

환자의 선호도를 고려한 음악중재가 부분마취 환자의 수술 중 불안에 미치는 효과 (Effect of Tailored Music Intervention on Intra-operative Anxiety among Those Undergoing Regional Anesthesia)

  • 김주희;백설향
    • 임상간호연구
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.187-198
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: Music intervention has long been used in research of patients undergoing surgical operation in reducing anxiety level and improve surgical outcome. However, there are few studies that have considered a patient's music preference. We investigated the effect of the tailored music intervention which chose music according to the patient's preference on anxiety level and vital signs. Method: The subjects were 50 patients who received regional anesthesia for surgical operation at D hospital in Pohang city from April, 2006 to November, 2006. All of the subjects were randomly assigned either music group (30 subjects) or non-music group (20 subjects). As the patients arrived in the operating room, vital signs were monitored until the subjects were transferred to the recovery room, while Spielberger's STAI-KYZ questionnaires were applied twice to measure preoperative and intra-operative anxiety. The data were analyzed by 2-test, t-test, one-way ANCOVA and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 12.0/PC+. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups on vital signs. All of the vital signs increased when the subjects arrived in the operating room, but decreased quickly once the operation began, regardless of the groups. However, the music group reported significantly less intra-operative anxiety, compared to the non-music group (F=15.208, p<.000), when preoperative anxiety was treated as a covariance. Conclusion: The findings support that the use of music which was chosen by patients during the surgery significantly reduced patient's intra-operative anxiety during regional anesthesia.

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초등학생 대상 싱겁게 먹기 영양교육 프로그램의 개발 및 효과평가 (Development and Evaluation of a Nutrition Education Program on Sodium Reduction in Elementary School Students)

  • 정윤영;신은경;이혜진;이난희;천병렬;안문영;이연경
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.746-755
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    • 2009
  • This study was to develop and evaluate a nutrition education program to reduce dietary sodium. The school children (218 boys, 226 girls), from 8 elementary schools in the city of Daegu, Korea, were involved in this study. This research was based on the data from two groups of elementary school children, the "education" group (n = 240), and "no-education" group (n = 204). Educational media and programs were developed to educate the education group for four weeks and were presented on the web (www.saltdown.com). After education, the preference for a non-salty taste in the education group increased 10%, compared with those who preferred a non-salty taste before education. There was a significant change away from a preference for a salty taste and a rise in the mean score for nutrition knowledge and dietary attitude in the education group compared to the no-education group (p < 0.05). This study indicates that school children can reduce their dependency on preference for a salty taste and change their high-salt dietary behavior after the education.

수요응답형교통체계 이용요금 가치 추정 연구 (A Study on Fare Estimation for Demand Responsive Transport)

  • 김원철;남궁문
    • 한국ITS학회 논문지
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.103-111
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 농촌지역 벽지노선의 공차운행 문제점과 대중교통서비스 사각지역 주민의 이동권을 확보하는 기능을 구현하는 수요응답형교통체계(DRT) 도입운영을 검토할 때, 이용자 관점에서 어느 정도의 요금수준이 적정할지를 산정하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 DRT 도입에 대한 선호도를 가상선호의식조사(Stated Preference, SP)를 통해 조사한 후 조건부 가치측정법(Contingent Valuation Method)을 적용하여 DRT의 편익에 대한 이용요금의 지불의사액을 산정한다. 분석결과, 경제력이 낮은 농어촌지역의 사회적 약자가 평가하는 DRT의 가치는 1,000원의 이용요금을 받는 노선버스 서비스 보다 개선되는 접근성의 가치 38.85%, 원하는 시간대에 이용할 수 있는 편리성의 가치 31.03%, 버스를 기다리지 않고 이용할 수 있는 편의성의 가치 30.12%가 높은 약 1,638.73원 정도의 수준인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석 결과는 DRT의 지속가능성을 담보할 수 있는 DRT 요금수준 결정을 위한 의사결정의 근거로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

식생활 스타일에 따른 단기소득임산물의 소비행태 (Non-Timber Forest Products Consumption Behaviors According to Dietary Lifestyle)

  • 유현정;송유진
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • 제54권1호
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    • pp.107-118
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    • 2016
  • This study examined differences in consumers' images of short-term income forest products, preference, willingness to pay prices and purchase behavior according to dietary lifestyle as well as investigated what factors influence the degree of satisfaction when purchasing short-term income forest products and willingness to repurchase. According to dietary lifestyle, the results classified consumers as 'frugal housewife type,' 'convenience-seeking type,' and 'food high-involvement type.' A 'food high-involvement group' is defined as a group that wants high quality products regardless of price. In the 'frugal housewife type,' country of origin and hygiene/safety (considered when purchasing food) had positive influences on the degree of satisfaction. In the 'convenience-seeking type,' country of origin (considered when purchasing food) had a positive influence on the degree of satisfaction while country of origin (checked when purchasing food) had a negative influence on degree of satisfaction. Consumers had a lack of perception for short-term income forest products; subsequently, short-term income forest products had a weakness of low access to consumers. Therefore, farms for short-term income forest products need to divide products into 'high-priced' luxury products and 'low-priced' frugal products according to dietary lifestyle characteristics, improve packaging status to enable consumers to check quality certificates, and clearly indicate country of origin as well as improve distribution processes and increase consumer access to products.

음악요법이 척추마취 하 수술 대상자의 불안, 진정상태 및 스트레스 반응에 미치는 효과 (The Effects of Music Therapy on Anxiety, Sedation, and Stress Responses of Patients Undergoing Surgery with Spinal Anesthesia)

  • 정계선;강윤희
    • 성인간호학회지
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.525-535
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of music therapy on anxiety, sedation, and stress responses of patients during surgery with spinal anesthesia. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group pre-post test was used. There were 55 adults over 19 years of age scheduled for a lower leg surgery with spinal anesthesia: 27 in the treatment group and 28 in the comparison group. Each subject in the treatment group identified their music preference which was used during the period of surgery which usually lasted, 61 minutes. Data were analyzed using chi-square, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test and repeated measured ANOVA. Results: There were significant reported differences in levels of anxiety, sedation, and stress responses which were measured by plasma cortisol levels, heart rate, and respiratory rate. The findings of all the variables were effectively decreased among those in the treatment group than the comparison group. Conclusion: The preference based music therapy may be useful as a non-pharmacological intervention.

게임 플레이어의 행동 패턴을 이용한 동적인 게임 환경의 설계 (Design of Dynamic-Game Environment based on Behavior Patterns of Game Player)

  • 윤태복;홍병훈;이지형
    • 한국게임학회 논문지
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.125-133
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    • 2009
  • 게임 인공지능은 플레이어에게 지능적이고 적응된 게임 환경을 제공하기 위해 주로 사용된 다. 기존에는 사용자의 게임 행위를 수집/분석하여 동반자 또는 적대적 역할을 하는 Non-player character (NPC)를 위해 사용되었다. 그러나 사용자의 행동을 모방하는 것에서 그치는 경우가 많았다. 본 논문은 사용자의 게임 행위를 분석하여 게임 환경을 변화하는 방법을 소개한다. 사용자의 게임 성향을 파악하기 위해 게임 행위 데이터를 이용하였다. 또한, 사용자의 성향은 지형, 아이템, NPC의 분포를 결정하는데 반영하여 동적인 게임 환경을 제공하기 위해 사용하였다. 제안하는 방법의 실험을 위해 실제 2D 액션 게임에 적용하였고, 사용자의 게임 플레이 행위에 대하여 적절히 변화하는 게임 환경을 확인하였다.

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밤나무에 대한 온도, 광 및 질소시비 조건과 기존 피해 잎이 주둥무늬차색풍뎅이(Adoretus tenuimaculatus) 성충의 유인에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Light, Temperature and Nitrogen Fertilization and Damaged Leaf on the Feeding of Chestnut Brown Chafer, Adoretus tenuimaculatus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae))

  • 이동운;추호렬;이상명;이영한
    • 아시안잔디학회지
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.159-170
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    • 1999
  • Preference of chestnut brown chafer (CBC), Adoretus tenuimaculatus was examined from chestnut leaves which were treated with different light condition, temperature and nitrogen fertilization. More CBC was attracted to leaves which grown at $30^{\circ}C$ than grown at $20^{\circ}C$,$ 25^{\circ}C$ and in the field. When attracted number of CBC was compared among full sunlight-grown, cloth shaded-grown and dark-grown plants, 4.0 in full sunlight grown and 5.0 in dark-grown plants. Amount of nitrogen fertilizer did not influence CBC feeding. The attractiveness of undamaged leaves with non-feeding beetles, leaves with feeding damaged, and leaves with artificial damaged was compared in replicated laboratory trials by placing the treatments in the petri-dish and counted the number of beetles that landed on the plants after 6 hr treatment. The highest number of beetles was attracted to chestnut leaf with feeding damaged ($7.7\pm$0.6) than undamaged leaf with non-feeding beetles ($5.3\pm$0.6) and artificial damaged ($4.3\pm$0.6). Managnese content in the leaves of chestnut grown in shade cloth-grown condition was higher than that in the leaves of chestnut that had been exposed to full sunlight condition and dark condition, and feeding damaged leaf.

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'열린경관'과 '가려진경관'의 이미지와 선호도 비교 - 패럴랙스(Parallax) 효과 유무를 중심으로 - (The Image and Preference Comparison between 'Opened Landscape' and 'Filtered Landscape' - Focused on With and Without Parallax Effect -)

  • 노재현
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.105-118
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study is not only to compare between 'Opened Landscape' and 'Filtered Landscape' image and preference but also to suggests a guide line of planting design for progressive realization. For this, the image structures of photo-sketch simulation for parallax landscape have been investigated by Semantic Differential scale(S.D. scale) and the Factor analysis. The results could be summarized as follows. The results of S.D. scale values for landscape through parallax were greater than non-parallax landscape. The scenes through parallax were better preferred to direct view. Thus the results of photo-sketch simulation test support the expected hypothesis that the visual environment of complexity and variety is closely correlated with the parallax effect and monotonous or non-parallax environment, and parallax effect on close view more bigger than the distant view. Factors covering the spatial image of parallax landscape were found to be seven and Total values were 60.35 %. The most important factors determining the parallax effect were Factors I 'depth of space' and VI 'expectation of space and interest'. An outstanding view must be handled properly to be preserved or accentuated. In this sense, the parallax spatial beauty with tree could be improved through the visual aspects of plan arrangements and the progressive realization appeared to be one effective design technique for landscape planning and design.

베이커리 제품에 대한 여대생의 이용현황에 관한 연구 (The Purchasing Practice of Bakery Product by Female University Student)

  • 김옥선;주나미
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.247-261
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    • 2002
  • This study was designed to identify the purchasing practice on the bakery products by the female university students in Seoul and Kyunggi area. Total 262 questionnaires were used for the analysis among 285 responses. The results showed that 50.76% of the respondents bought the bakery products 1∼3 times a month mainly for supper or snacks. The most favored bakery products were bread, danguaja bbang, cake, pie and jori bbang, and there was a signigicant difference in the preference of bakery products by the type of dwelling (p<0.001). Students with non-food science major significantly preferred bakeries as light meals (p<0.01). Students with food science major liked bread, jori bbang, cake and pie, but the non-food science majors liked bread, sweat red-bean bread and sandwich (p<0.05). Depending upon the housing status and the major of the respondents, there was a signifcant difference in the purchase factor like nutrition, taste, size and sanitation of the store (p<0.05), while the purchasing frequency was not affected by those factors (p<0.05). As to the question if there is a room for improvement, different housing status influenced significantly the respondents in citing the factors like business hours and service, and the shape of product and service(p<0.05).