• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2004

Despite the fact that much has been published about Six Sigma in the business and academic press and on the Internet in recent years, there is still confusion among many people, particularly those who work in the transactional and service environments, about the nature of Six Sigma. It is true that Six Sigma like other process improvement programs before was first applied to manufacturing processes; however, many corporations including General Electric and Sony have successfully applied Six Sigma to their transactional and service processes as well. Six Sigma is used by many companies not only to improve the quality of their products and services but also to achieve quantifiable financial results, improve management style and communication, and achieve customer and employee satisfaction. Whether in manufacturing or non-manufacturing environments, the application of Six Sigma differs from organization to organization. Although there are many common elements between these applications, however, special care must be taken when customizing Six Sigma to suit the organizations' needs. In this paper, the author provides some practical and useful guidelines for Six Sigma deployment. This paper is not about the use of numerous statistical tools and techniques that can be found in a typical Six Sigma toolbox. The main emphasis has been placed both on the concept and the implementation of Six Sigma, particularly within the non-manufacturing areas of business.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2009

A Study was conducted to investigate the type and level of occupational risk factors for the onset of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in non-manufacturing industries. Total of 38 worksites were investigated from 5 different business areas such as financial institution, transportation service, building maintenance, sanitary service and educational service. Major job and task category were classified and corresponding occupational risk factors such as awkward posture, force exertion, repetitiveness of job, and work/rest cycle were examined using various ergonomic risk analysis techniques. Sets of matrices were developed including types and levels of risk factors for the classified jobs and tasks from 5 different non-manufacturing industries. Also possible ergonomic remedies were suggested for the improvement working conditions. Results and risk factor matrices can be applied as a guideline for the investigation of WMSDs risk factors in similar industries for the prevention of WMSDs.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.55-70
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• 2017

A key factor of competitiveness of a firm is technology innovation including product and process innovation. This paper explores the importance and performance of innovation in IT industry across manufacturing and service business. Using importance-performance analysis based on a survey of Korean manufacturing and service firms, we find the characteristics of innovation in IT under the context of industry difference. Out study indicate that Korean IT firms need to recognize the importance of technology innovation and enhance the performance in some areas. In future research, we will expand the boundary of innovation into non-technology innovation as well as service-specific innovation.

• 경영과학
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.15-41
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the BSCs of 642 firms excluding the financial and insurance companies listed on KOSPI. The analysis of financial performance through analysis of major financial ratios between BSC and non-BSC firms is compared with the input of human and material resources for business growth. We will promote the spread of BSC and examine the areas differentiated performance improvement. The analytical categories are manufacturing, service, wholesale and retail, and information and communications, which are 2,136 business years out of 2,378 final analytical samples. The results of the analysis are as follows. As a result of the analysis, among the four industries analyzed, the industries that showed the best performance were manufacturing. In the case of service industry, growth and activity were lower than those of non-adoption (NA) companies, but the operating margin was significantly different from manufacturing. However, market value was higher than that of NA companies, and R&D expenditures and advertising expenses were significantly higher than NA firms. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in profitability between the BSC and NA firms, but the market value was very significant. EPS is 5.22 times, BPS is 5.64 times, PBR is 1.3 times, and EVA is 35 times higher. In addition, R&D expenditure and advertising expenditure are more than twice as high as those of NA. In the case of the service industry, there is no significant difference in the growth performance from the NA firms. Activity indicators, BSC introduced companies are three times lower than both the total assets turnover and the capital turnover rate. The operating profit margin was high at 45.8% for introduced companies and 37.2% for non-introduced companies. In market value analysis, only BPS was 1.68 times higher. On the other hand, investment in welfare expenses is 0.2% of total assets, which is relatively low compared to NA firms. However, research and development expenses and advertising expenses are 2.1% and 1.02% of total assets, respectively, but they are relatively lower than those of NA firms. Unlike the manufacturing and service industries, wholesale and retail trade was significantly higher than the NA firms in terms of sales growth and total assets growth rate. In terms of market value, EPS and BPS were significantly higher, but the benefits, R&D expenditures, and advertising expenses were lower than those of NA firms. The information and communication industry showed lower level of performance than the NA firms in all indicators except cash liquidity, BPS, and EVA.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회/대한산업공학회 2005년도 춘계공동학술대회 발표논문
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• pp.881-889
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• 2005

In this study, we consider characteristics of waiting times in single-server 3-node tandem queues with a Poisson arrival process, finite buffers and deterministic or non-overlapping service times at each queue. There are three buffers: one at the first node is infinite and the others are finite. The explicit expressions of waiting times in all areas of the systems, which are driven as functions of finite buffer capacities, show that the sojourn time does not depend on the finite buffer capacities and also allow one to compute and compare characteristics of waiting times at all areas of the system under two blocking policies: communication and manufacturing blocking. As an application of these results, moreover, an optimization problem which determines the smallest buffer capacities satisfying predetermined probabilistic constraints on waiting times is considered. Some numerical examples are also provided.

• 경영과학
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2007

In this study, we consider stationary waiting times in finite-buffer 3-node single-server queues in series with a Poisson arrival process and with either constant or non-overlapping service times. We assume that each node has a finite buffer except for the first node. The explicit expressions of waiting times in all areas of the stochastic system were driven as functions of finite buffer capacities. These explicit forms show that a system sojourn time does not depend on the finite buffer sizes, and also allow one to compute and compare characteristics of stationary waiting times at all areas under two blocking rules communication and manufacturing blocking. The goal of this study is to apply these results to an optimization problem which determines the smallest buffer capacities satisfying predetermined probabilistic constraints on stationary waiting times at all nodes. Numerical examples are also provided.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.221-244
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• 2016

Purpose: This research reviews the papers, published in the Journal of the Korean Society for Quality Control (KSQC) and the Journal of the Korean Society for Quality Management (KSQM) since 1965, in the area of statistical methods. The literature review is performed in the four fields of the statistical methods and we categorize the published articles into the several sub-areas in each field. Methods: The reviewed articles are classified into the four main categories: probability model and estimation, Bayesian analysis and non-parametric analysis, regression and time series analysis, and application of data analysis. We examine the contents and relationships of the published articles of the several sub-areas in each category. Results: We summarize the reviewed papers in the chronological road-maps for each sub-area, and outline the relations of the connected papers. Some comments on the contents and the contributions of the reviewed papers are also provided in this paper. Conclusion: Various issues are employed and published on the research of the application statistical methods for past 50 years, and many worthy works are achieved in the theory and application areas of statistical methods for improving quality in the manufacturing and service industries. The future direction of the research in the statistical quality management methods also can be explored by the contents of this research.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.189-206
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• 2012

최근 탈공업화와 산업의 서비스화로 서비스산업 뿐만 아니라 제조업 등 2차 산업에 있어서의 서비스 비중은 나날이 커지고 있어 금융 및 서비스업 그리고 제조업의 사무 서비스부문의 경영혁신이 절실한 실정이다. 급변하는 경영환경에 적극적으로 대처하기 위해 기업들은 여러 가지 경영혁신 방법을 도입하고 있다. 특히, 우리나라의 경우에는 선진기업의 혁신활동에 대해서는 유행적으로 도입하여 적용하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 측면에서 1990년대 중반부터 6시그마(Six Sigma)가 도입되어 10년 이상을 경영혁신활동의 대명사가 되어 활발하게 추진하여 왔다. 그러나 6시그마는 도입 초기의 기대에 미치지 못하고 있다는 지적과 최근 들어 한국기업이 금융시장의 불안, 경기 침체 및 중국 등 후발 국가로부터 많은 도전을 받고 있는 상황에서 '린(Lean)' 이라는 혁신활동이 국내에 소개되고, 도요타자동차의 성장으로 린의 모태인 도요타 생산방식(Toyota Production System, TPS)이 다시 각광을 받으면서 린에 대한 관심이 집중되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 우선 린 경영의 진화과정 및 특징의 기존 연구를 고찰하고 제조부문과 사무 서비스부문과의 차이점을 비교 연구하였다. 다음으로 우리나라 기업의 혁신 담당자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 다음, 사무 서비스부문에서의 린 적용에 대한 실행 모델을 제시하고 적용하였다. 그 동안 제조부문에서는 린에 대한 성공사례도 많고 이와 관련된 연구 또한 많이 수행되어 왔다. 그러나 사무 서비스부문에서의 린 적용에 대한 연구는 아직 그 활용이 초기 단계로 관련 연구가 많지 않은 상태이며 실증연구는 거의 찾아보기 어려운 실정이다. 본 연구는 린 경영의 이론적 고찰을 바탕으로 린 경영의 성공요인을 도출하고 기업에서 실질적으로 린을 추진하고 있는 추진자들을 대상으로 실증 연구를 하였다. 이는 린 경영이 최근 우리나라에 도입되고 있는 상황에서 어느 정도 향도로서의 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 판단한다. 본 연구는 린을 적용하고 있는 기업 또는 경쟁력 강화를 위해 새롭게 린 경영 도입을 검토하고 있는 기업 및 동 주제에 대한 연구자들에 대하여 사무 서비스부문에서 효율적이고 성공적인 린 경영 추진을 위한 올바른 방향을 제시했다는데 의의가 있다 하겠다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.357-379
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• 2022

본 연구는 우리나라 지역의 산업 다양성 및 혁신역량을 진단하고 자생적 지역발전을 위한 우선순위 설정 방식에 대해 논의한다. 1990년대 후반 이후 수도권과 비수도권 간의 경제적 격차를 줄이기 위한 지역발전정책이 다각도로 시도되었지만, 지역의 산업 특성 및 혁신역량을 고려한 발전전략 수립은 미흡하였다. 기술과 산업의 고도화 및 다변화에 따라 지역은 특정 산업에 특화하는 전략에서 벗어나 경제 충격에 대비하기 위한 전략적 다각화를 모색해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 지역의 산업 다양성을 무관다양성(unrelated variety)과 연관다양성(related variety) 지표를 이용하여 특성화한다. 다양성 지표는 수도권-비수도권 간, 제조업-서비스업 간 상이한 양태를 보이며, 이는 지역발전에서 산업적 특성을 고려해야 할 필요성을 제기한다. 마지막으로 다양성 지표와 혁신역량지표를 두 축으로 하여 우리나라 시군구 지자체의 현 상황을 네 가지로 유형화하고 각 유형에 맞는 지역발전정책 우선순위를 제안한다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2021

본 논문은 그동안 제조 현장에서만 사용되어왔던 협동 로봇이 비대면 서비스의 확대로 일상생활 공간에서 그 활용범위가 넓어지고 있음을 보여주고자 한다. 일상생활에서의 서비스 다양화 측면과 고객 맞춤형 서비스 분야에 로봇과 IoT 기술을 결합함으로써 일반인들도 쉽게 스마트 기술을 접할 기회를 제공할 것이며, 더욱 많은 분야에서 이러한 기술들이 사용되길 기대한다. 본 논문은 로봇바리스타 라는 시스템을 통해 고객이 원하는 서비스를 제공하고 시스템의 모니터링 및 유지, 보수와 관련된 제반 사항을 제공함으로써 고객뿐만 아니라 매장을 운영하는 관리자, 유지·보수의 책임을 갖는 자, 시스템을 설계하는 엔지니어에 이르기까지 편리하게 이용할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 본 논문은 로보프레소(Robopresso) 라는 구조물을 통해 이를 시연하고자 한다.