• Title/Summary/Keyword: Non-Economic Effect

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Alkaloids from Beach Spider Lily (Hymenocallis littoralis) Induce Apoptosis of HepG-2 Cells by the Fas-signaling Pathway

  • Ji, Yu-Bin;Chen, Ning;Zhu, Hong-Wei;Ling, Na;Li, Wen-Lan;Song, Dong-Xue;Gao, Shi-Yong;Zhang, Wang-Cheng;Ma, Nan-Nan
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.21
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    • pp.9319-9325
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    • 2014
  • Alkaloids are the most extensively featured compounds of natural anti-tumor herbs, which have attracted much attention in pharmaceutical research. In our previous studies, a mixture of major three alkaloid components (5, 6-dihydrobicolorine, 7-deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine, littoraline) from Hymenocallis littoralis were extracted, analyzed and designated as AHL. In this paper, AHL extracts were added to human liver hepatocellular cells HepG-2, human gastric cancer cell SGC-7901, human breast adenocarcinoma cell MCF-7 and human umbilical vein endothelial cell EVC-304, to screen one or more AHL-sensitive tumor cell. Among these cells, HepG-2 was the most sensitive to AHL treatment, a very low dose ($0.8{\mu}g/ml$) significantly inhibiting proliferation. The non-tumor cell EVC-304, however, was not apparently affected. Effect of AHL on HepG-2 cells was then explored. We found that the AHL could cause HepG-2 cycle arrest at G2/M checkpoint, induce apoptosis, and interrupt polymerization of microtubules. In addition, expression of two cell cycle-regulated proteins, CyclinB1 and CDK1, was up-regulated upon AHL treatment. Up-regulation of the Fas, Fas ligand, Caspase-8 and Caspase-3 was observed as well, which might imply roles for the Fas/FsaL signaling pathway in the AHL-induced apoptosis of HepG-2 cells.

Effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic with and without feed restriction on performance, hematological indices and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens

  • Abdel-Hafeez, Hassan M.;Saleh, Elham S.E.;Tawfeek, Samar S.;Youssef, Ibrahim M.I.;Abdel-Daim, Asmaa S.A.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.672-682
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    • 2017
  • Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic with and without feed restriction on broilers performance, blood parameters, carcass characteristics, and feed cost of production from 1 to 56 days of age. Methods: Two hundred and forty unsexed one day-old chicks of Arbor Acres breed were used. Two trials, I and II, were conducted, with 120 birds in both. Each trial was divided into 4 equal groups. The birds in trial I were fed ad libitum throughout the experiment, while the chicks in trial II were fed ad libitum during the first week of age, then subjected to 5 hours/d of feed restriction from the beginning of the second week up to the end of the experiment. In both trials, the birds in group 1 were fed on a control diet while the other groups were given the same control diet supplemented either with a probiotic in group 2, prebiotic in group 3, or synbiotic in group 4. Results: It was found that chicks fed diets supplemented with probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic (with and without feed restriction) exhibited higher body weight and feed efficiency than chicks fed the control diets. The feed additives in both trials did not affect hemoglobin, serum total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, and total cholesterol, except the packed cell volume which was increased in the additive treatments with restriction at the end of the experiment. Moreover, the dietary treatments did not influence the carcass yield. However, the relative weights of liver, gizzard and proventriculus, small intestine and bursa of fabricius were found to be increased. The additives decreased the visible fat in the carcass, with more decreasing effect in the additive groups with restriction. The lowest feed cost per kg of weight gain was observed in the birds fed diets supplemented with synbiotic, probiotic and prebiotic. Feed restriction improved the feed conversion ratio, economic return, but decreased the feed intake, serum total cholesterol and visible fat in comparison with non-restricted groups. Conclusion: The biological feed additives could be routinely added to broiler diets, especially when a feed restriction program is followed. Finally, it can be recommended to restrict feed, and add probiotic or synbiotic to increase weight, improve feed conversion rate and reduce feed cost of production.

A Case Study for Applying Linear Programming to Analyze The Effects of The Desired Future Conditions for Forest Functions on Forest Management (산림기능별 목표임상 조건이 산림경영에 미치는 영향분석을 위한 선형계획기법 적용 연구)

  • Jang, Kwangmin;Won, Hyun-Kyu;Seol, A Ra;Chung, Joosang
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.98 no.3
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    • pp.247-254
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    • 2009
  • In this study, linear programming was applied to a case study in Gwangreung Experimental Forest of Korea Forest Research Institute investigating the effect of the desired future conditions on forest management. Considering the social, economic and ecological demands of people from the forest, the forest functions were classified into four including natural conservation, timber production, water yield and scenic conservation. The forest land areas were divided into four-types of forest functional zones and forest management prescriptions including the desired future conditions by the forest function type were established. The Model II linear programming was used in optimizing the forest management planning. The model includes management policies, as the constraints, for non-declining yield, allowable cutting area, allowable % age class distribution and allowable % species allocation as well as the land and other accounting regimes. Maximization of timber production was used the objective function. Based on the Model II formulations, the effects of the desired future conditions by the forest function type on forest management planning were investigated in terms of timber production, net present value and stand structures over time.

A Study on the Actual Condition of Temporary Workers in Hospital (병원의 비정규직 실태조사)

  • Moon, Young-Joon;Ahn, In-Whan;Lee, Yong-Kyoon
    • Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.120-144
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    • 2007
  • In 1997, in the course of overcoming economic crisis caused by the shortage of foreign currency there was a significant phenomenon, the irregularization of human labour resources. There was no exception in hospital, either. Most hospitals put a lot of thought to solve the problem about irregular workers. Between employee and employer the problem of irregular workers has been raised as a main topic of all. The objectives of this study were to inspect the actual state of irregular workers and to understand the positive effect of protecting irregular workers, recently established and revised, on the human resources management of hospitals. After enacting irregular labours protection acts there were many opinions that the labour rules of hospitals would be changed.(56.7%). The plan to solve irregular worker's wage issues would he carried out step by step, but some hospitals have not examined the plan yet,(81.9%). Many hospitals had a plan that irregular worker's wage would be actualized in two or three years.(78.3%) The method, to solve the problem of irregular workers arc as follows: 1) the introduction of functional wage system, 2) the convert from automatic rising wage system to annual wage system, 3) the incentive grade system according to management result, 4) lower functional group wage system, 5) non-term contract wage system. From the point of the opening medical market and securing competitive power of hospitals, it is prospected that irregular works would be increased also in future. So to manage irregular workers effectively would be essential in maintain hospital's competitive power and improve medical service. The result, of this study were a, follow: (1) In hospital, the ratio of irregular workers in hospitals was lower than that of all irregular workers in Korea. (2) In hospital, the wage level of irregular workers was higher than that of irregular workers in Korea. (3) In hospital, the social insurance application ratio of irregular workers was higher than that of all workers in Korea. (4) In hospital, there seems to be no appropriate and active measures to improve labour condition of irregular workers, yet. (5) In many hospitals, the policy of irregular workers would be expected to revised for the law standards. In this study the actual conditions and problems of irregular workers were proposed and it was expected to contribute decisions-making in hospital management, especially when using human resources.

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The Effect of Startups' Trust in Government R&D Policies on Innovation Performance (벤처기업의 정부 R&D정책에 대한 신뢰가 혁신 성과에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Deokyong;Bae, Sung Joo
    • Journal of Technology Innovation
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.95-124
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    • 2021
  • Startups play an important role in economic growth and job creation in niche markets, thus governments regularly expand their research and development(R&D) budgets accordingly. As stratups are more dependent on governments to compensate for insufficient resources and capabilities than large and medium-sized companies, trust in government policies will be important. In this study, we analyzed the impact of startups' trust in government R&D policies on innovation performance. There were three major results. The first result is that government R&D investments in startups increase innovation performance in the manufacturing and high-technology industries but did not affect other industries. The second result is that trust in government R&D policies increased innovation in high-and medium-high technology and manufacturing industries. The third result is that trust in government R&D policies affects innovation before, during, and after evaluation of support process. We analyzed the importance of trust to the effectiveness of government R&D support to determine how to effectively provide it. The results show that governments need to differentiate the types of R&D support they provide according to the target firm's technology level and whether they are a manufacturing company and that appropriate R&D support mechanism should be developed for low-technology and non-manufacturing companies. Finally, governments should allocate resources and make fair and transparent decisions to help companies grow, not to better supervise them.

An Empirical Analysis on the Effects of Kyoto Protocol on the Greenhouse Gas Emissions (교토의정서의 온실가스 감축 변화로 본 레짐효과 분석)

  • Kim, Yeong Sin;Chon, Chun Hwang;Baek, Hee Jeong
    • Journal of Climate Change Research
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.1-11
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    • 2010
  • This study is analyzed based on the statistical data for the effect of Kyoto Protocol which is adopted on 1997. The first greenhouse gas obligation reduction countries such as OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), and the first non-obligated developing countries such as China and India, the increasing rate of carbon dioxide emission displayed -10.2% and 88.1% in 2005 with respect to 1990, respectively. This increasing rate is not only shows statistically significant differences but also shows significant meanings when we consider the global increasing rate of carbon dioxide is 29.1%. Changes in the carbon dioxide emissions are also analyzed based on the time of the adaptation of Kyoto Protocol, time of the publication of the second and third reports of IPCC, and withdrawal of the Kyoto Protocol of the United States. Withdrawal of the Kyoto Protocol of the United States is the most significantly affected to the differences in the carbon dioxide emission rates rather than the adaptation of Kyoto Protocol, international agreement on the greenhouse gas reduction, and belief on the scientific evidence for the reasons for increasing carbon dioxide concentrations. Therefore, acceptance of the post-Kyoto Protocol in the United States is very important in order to success as a climate regime.

Study on Anomaly Detection Method of Improper Foods using Import Food Big data (수입식품 빅데이터를 이용한 부적합식품 탐지 시스템에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Sanggoo;Choi, Gyunghyun
    • The Journal of Bigdata
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.19-33
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    • 2018
  • Owing to the increase of FTA, food trade, and versatile preferences of consumers, food import has increased at tremendous rate every year. While the inspection check of imported food accounts for about 20% of the total food import, the budget and manpower necessary for the government's import inspection control is reaching its limit. The sudden import food accidents can cause enormous social and economic losses. Therefore, predictive system to forecast the compliance of food import with its preemptive measures will greatly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of import safety control management. There has already been a huge data accumulated from the past. The processed foods account for 75% of the total food import in the import food sector. The analysis of big data and the application of analytical techniques are also used to extract meaningful information from a large amount of data. Unfortunately, not many studies have been done regarding analyzing the import food and its implication with understanding the big data of food import. In this context, this study applied a variety of classification algorithms in the field of machine learning and suggested a data preprocessing method through the generation of new derivative variables to improve the accuracy of the model. In addition, the present study compared the performance of the predictive classification algorithms with the general base classifier. The Gaussian Naïve Bayes prediction model among various base classifiers showed the best performance to detect and predict the nonconformity of imported food. In the future, it is expected that the application of the abnormality detection model using the Gaussian Naïve Bayes. The predictive model will reduce the burdens of the inspection of import food and increase the non-conformity rate, which will have a great effect on the efficiency of the food import safety control and the speed of import customs clearance.

Effect of feeding a diet comprised of various corn silages inclusion with peanut vine or wheat straw on performance, digestion, serum parameters and meat nutrients in finishing beef cattle

  • Zhang, Hongrui;Zhang, Liyang;Xue, Xiao;Zhang, Xiaoxia;Wang, Hongyi;Gao, Tengyun;Phillips, Clive
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.29-38
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    • 2022
  • Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the feeding value, meat nutrients and associative effects of a diet comprised of various corn silages inclusion with peanut vine or wheat straw in finishing beef cattle. Methods: One hundred and eighty Simmental crossbred beef steers were blocked and assigned to the follow treatments: i) whole plant corn silage-based diet (control, WPCS), ii) mixed forages-based diet (replacing a portion of corn silage with wheat straw, WPCSW), iii) corn stalklage-based diet (CS), and iv) sweet corn stalklage-based diet (SCS). Each group consisted of 5 repeated pens with 9 steers/pen. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic with same forage to concentrate ratio. Experimental diets were fed for 90 d. Results: The effective ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein were highest for WPCS diet (p<0.05), for neutral detergent fiber was highest in SCS diet (p<0.05). The average daily gain was greater for cattle offered the WPCS diet, intermediate with WPCSW and SCS and lowest with CS (p<0.001). The concentration of non-esterified fatty acid in serum was higher for steers fed with CS and SCS diets than those offered WPCS and WPCSW steers (p<0.001). The treatments did not affect the general nutritional contents and amino acids composition of Longissimus dorsi of steers (p>0.05). Conclusion: The corn silage-based diet exhibited the highest feeding value. The sweet corn stalklage and wheat straw as an alternative to corn silage offered to beef cattle had limited influence on feeding value and meat nutrients. However, the value of a corn stalklage-based diet was relatively poor. To sum up, when the high quality forage resources, such as corn silage, are in short supply, or the growth rate of beef cattle decreases in the later finishing period, the sweet stalklage and wheat straw could be used as a cheaper alternative in feedlot cattle diet without sharp reducing economic benefits.

Tunnel pillar reinforcement effect using PC stranded wire and groutings (PC강연선 및 그라우팅을 이용한 터널 필라부 보강효과)

  • Yeon-Deok Kim;Soo-Jin Lee;Pyung-Woo Lee;Hong-Su Yun;Sang-Hwan Kim
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.43-63
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    • 2023
  • With the concentration of the population in the city center and the saturation of the structures on the ground, the development of the underground structures becomes important and the construction of an adjoining tunnel that can reduce the overall problems is respected. In addition, it is necessary to apply the reinforcement construction method for the pillar part of the adjacent tunnel that can secure stability, economy and workability of the site. In this study, the tunnel pillar reinforcement method using prestress and grouting was reviewed. There are various reinforcement methods that can compensate for the problems of the side tunnel, but as the tunnel pillar construction method using prestress and grouting is judged to be excellent in field applicability, stability and economic feasibility, theoretical and numerical analysis of the actual behavior mechanism are conducted. Numerical analysis is divided into PC stranded wire + steel pipe reinforcement grouting + prestress (Case 1), pillar part tie bolt reinforcement (Case 2), pillar part non-reinforcement (Case 3) under the same ground conditions, and the maximum value of the celling displacement, internal displacement, and member force, the stability was confirmed. Through numerical analysis, it was confirmed that Case 1 which reinforced the PC stranded wire, was the best construction method and if it is verified and supplemented through field experiments later, it will be possible to derive superior results in terms of displacement control and member force than the currently applied reinforcement method was judged.

A Study on the Intention to Use Biometric Authentication When Using Mobile Easy Payment Service: Focusing on the Comparison of Experienced and Non-Experienced Persons (모바일 간편결제 서비스 이용 시 생체인증 사용의도에 관한 연구: 경험자와 비경험자 비교를 중심으로)

  • Jae-Seung Ju;Won-Boo Lee
    • Information Systems Review
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.1-22
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    • 2021
  • In the newly encountered economy caused by the Corona virus Disease-19, remote transaction becomes a new normal that disrupt traditional economic order. In the middle of the disruption, mobile tech is placed and remote finance on mobile is highly noticed and considered as an infra-tech to support the new ecology, In mobile finance. remote payment is becoming the most common service and personal identification on it is critical to operate the new service. There are various means of remotely identifying a person. Recently the use of biometric information is increasing. In this study, a correlation analysis was conducted on factors that effects to biometrics usage and the intention to use in remote personal identification. Variables for critical factor in the remote identification were classified into 4 groups such as Performance expectancy, Effort expectancy, Social influence, and Security. The empirical analysis based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was conducted. The relationship between variables and the intention to use is also analyzed. In the study, stepwise regression analysis was conducted four times in which variables were adjusted in individual stage. As a result, the analysis suggests that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, security have positive effects for intention to use. Additionally, effort expectancy and security have moderating effects to intention to use depends on biometric authentication experience. The analysis has shown positive effect of variables grouped on the intention to use them. It also suggests that the intention to use biometric authentication will quickly grow. This study is expected to make a contribution to utilize and improve the use of biometric information in mobile payment.