• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.52-57
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• 1997

Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry(ESPI) using the Model 95 Ar. laser, a video system and an image processor was applied to the in-plane displacement measurements. Unlike traditional strain gauges or Moire method, ESPI method requires no special surface preparation or attachments and can be measured in-plane displacement with no special surface preparation or attachments and can be measured in-plane displacement with no contact and real time. In this experiment specimen was loaded in parallel with a loadcell. The specimen was the cold rolled steel sheet of 2mm thickness, which was attached strain gauges. The study provides an example of how ESPI have been used to measure strain displacement in this specimen. The results measured by ESPI compare with the data which was measured by strain gauge method in tensile testing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.279-286
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• 2002

Present all sorts of failure or no failure test methods are done for evaluate structural ability of pavement. It are Plane Plate Test, CBR Test, Benkelman Beam Test, FWD, Dynaflect, etc. but, each method of test not expect compatibility because the result very different by each method of test. Now among pavement's method of evaluation, no failure test gradually use because It quickly and simply obtain pavement's elastic modulus of each layer. But, It accompany expensiveness equipment, and It's degree of trust is lower against expensiveness equipment. Therefore this research practice comparative trustworthy Plane Plate Test, comparative low cost and quick Small FWD Test. And analyzed relation of Plane Plate Test with Small FWD Test.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 2007

Purpose: The major drawback of submuscular augmentation of the ptotic breast is a "double-bubble" deformity. If a traditional mastopexy is added to correct the ptosis, there would be additional scars. This article describes simultaneous periareolar mastopexy with dual plane or subfascial breast augmentations. Methods: A series of 81 patients with grade I or II ptosis underwent the procedure from 1999 to 2005. Out of these, dual plane augmentation was done in 71 cases and subfascial plane in 10. After periareolar skin excision, an incision is made perpendicularly down to the fascia of pectoralis. At the lower pole, all breast implants are inserted into the subfascial plane. In case of upper pole thickness of above 20 mm, we inserted the implant into the subfascial plane, whereas below 20 mm, we inserted that into the submuscular plane. Results: No major complications were noted and patients' satisfactory score was high. This technique avoids the "double-bubble" deformity and leaves a minimal periareolar scar. Conclusion: Simultaneous periareolar mastopexy/breast augmentation is useful for correction of the ptotic breast, increasing the volume of breast and providing the natural breast shape with minimal scars. We consider that subfascial plane augmentation with periareolar mastopexy to be an alternative for cases with breast upper pole thickness of at least above 20 mm.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.16 no.2 s.107
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• pp.198-206
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• 2006

The dynamic responses of both the in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations are investigated for an axially moving membrane. The equations of motion are derived for the moving membrane with no-slip boundary conditions by using the extended Hamilton principle. Based on the Galerkin method, the discretized equations of motion are derived. The generalized-time integration method is applied to compute the dynamic responses for the in-plane and out-of-plane motions. From the computed results, the responses are compared between the in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations. Furthermore. the effects of velocity and acceleration on the dynamic behaviours for displacements and stresses are presented.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.5 s.70
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• pp.865-875
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the angle formed by the Sella-Nasion(SN) plane and Frankfort-Horizontal(FH) plane and evaluate the correlation and difference of the FH plane to other horizontal reference planes. Through this study we hope to present a basis for selecting a horizontal reference plae which can be implemented in cephalometric studies and in surgical orthodontic treatment planning. 600 subjects were chosen following a clinical examination md lateral cephlometric X-rays were taken. According to cephalometric analysis the subjects were classified into 3 groups , Skeletal Class I malocclusion or normal occlusion group(male 50, female 50), Skeletal Class II malocclusion group(male 50, female 65) and Skeletal Class III malocclusion group(male 50, female 50). The results were as follows. 1. The angle formed by the SN plane and FH plane showed no difference among the malocclusion groups, but there was a significant sex difference. For males the angle measured was $7.47^{\circ}{\pm}2.40^{\circ}$ whereas for females it was $8.93^{\circ}{\pm}2.72^{\circ}$. 2. The angle formed by the SN plane or FH plane and Mandibular plane was higher in females for all malocclusion groups. This angle in the Skeletal Class I malocclusion group was lower than in the other two groups. 3. There was no difference among the sexes or malocclusion groups considering the angle formed by the FH plane and Palatal plane. 4. The genial angle in the Skeletal Class III malocclusion group was higher than in the Skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusion groups in both sexes.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.21 no.1 s.33
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• pp.185-195
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• 1991

This study was undertaken to grope the correlation of the maximal bite force and tooth-craniofacial structure. The maximal bite force of 76 adult male, aged 18-28 (mean aged: $23.4{\pm}2.2$) years, was estimated and cephalometric headplates were measured, tabulated and statistically analyzed. The results were as follows. 1. 59.61kg of bite force in first molar, 45.38kg in premolar and 17.10kg in central incisor were arranged. 2. The bite force was negatively correlated to genial angle, mandibular plane angle, the angle between occlusal plane and mandibular plane, the angle between palatal plane and mandibular plane, and positively correlated to posterior height of face, length of mandibular body, length of ramus, facial depth in craniofacial structure. 3. The group with strong bite force showed small genial angle, mandibular plane angle, the angle between occlusal plane and mandibular plane, the angle between palatal plane and mandibular plane, and long posterior height of face, length of mandibular body, length of ramus, facial depth. So they manifested the tendency to brachycephalic pattern, on the other hand, the group with weak bite force manifested the tendency to dolichocephalic pattern. 4. There is no correlationships between bite force and mesial inclination of premolar axis in this subject. 5. It is considered bite force have an effect upon craniofacial pattern, especially upon the lower face.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.123-129
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• 2014

Objectives: The aim of this study was to verify the concordance of the measurement values when the same cephalometric analysis method was used for two-dimensional (2D) cephalometric radiography and three-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT), and to identify which 3D Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane was the most concordant with FH plane used for cephalometric radiography. Materials and Methods: Reference horizontal plane was FH plane. Palatal angle and occlusal plane angle was evaluated with FH plane. Gonial angle (GA), palatal angle, upper occlusal plane angle (UOPA), mandibular plane angle (MPA), U1 to occlusal plane angle, U1 to FH plane angle, SNA and SNB were obtained on 2D cephalmetries and reconstructed 3D CT. The values measured eight angles in 2D lateral cephalometry and reconstructed 3D CT were evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficiency (ICC). It also was evaluated to identify 3D FH plane with high degree of concordance to 2D one by studying which one in four FH planes shows the highest degree of concordance with 2D FH plane. Results: ICCs of MPA (0.752), UOPA (0.745), SNA (0.798) and SNB (0.869) were high. On the other hand, ICCs of gonial angle (0.583), palatal angle (0.287), U1 to occlusal plane (0.404), U1 to FH plane (0.617) were low respectively. Additionally GA and MPA acquired from 2D were bigger than those on 3D in all 20 patients included in this study. Concordance between one UOPA from 2D and four UOPAs from 3D CT were evaluated by ICC values. Results showed no significant difference among four FH planes defined on 3D CT. Conclusion: FH plane that can be set on 3D CT does not have difference in concordance from FH plane on lateral cephalometry. However, it is desirable to define FH plane on 3D CT with two orbitales and one porion considering the reproduction of orbitale itself.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 1975

In orthodontic field, the study on gnathostatic model is very important to the diagnosis and analysis of malocclusion. The purpose of this study is to observe that relation of orbital plane and upper canine in Koreans. We selected 230 cases with normal occlusion, 124 male and 106 female cases aged from 12 years to 25 years, to prepare 230 gnathostatic models, and measured the distance from midpoint of mesio-distal distance of upper canine to orbital plane in gnathostatic model. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The mean value of the distance from upper canine to orbital plane showed no significant change with age. 2) The mean value of the distance from the upper canine to orbital plane was -3.11mm in male and -3.84mm in female. 3) The orbital plane passed through the upper canine in normal occlusion of Koreans.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.436-440
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• 2014

To verity the effect of PCB plane layer to the output characteristics of the Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS), this paper compared with a generic one-layer PCB and a double-side PCB. This paper specially focused on the voltage, the current and the high frequency noise of the output characteristic of the SMPS, using a double-side PCB which has same layout and was installed a ground plane on the opposite side. This double-side PCB was assembled by all same components which used on the SMPS using the single-side PCB. The experiment results show the SMPS using the ground plan PCB can efficiently reduce the high frequency noise to 50mV at 100MHz from 150mV in the single-side PCB. And the results also show the high harmonics frequency was reduced as well.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.93-101
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• 1984

The author has studied mandibular opening and closing movement patterns using mandibular kinesiograph in order to make basic data that is necessary to diagnose the mandibular movement function. The 83 normal subjects, who were students of the school of dentistry. Kyunpook National University and Daegu Junior Health College, were selected according to sampling criteria. The results were as follow : In the sagittal plan, crossover pattern had the highest incidence in male (72.7%) and female(76.8%). There was no significant defference of distribution of habitual closing movement patterns between male and female.(p>0.05). There were difference between each patterns.(p<0.01) In the frontal plane, there was no difference of distribution of male's opening and closing movement patterns between habitual and maximum velocity (p<0.05),but difference between each subjects. (p<0.05) In the frontal plane, there was no difference of distribution of habitual opening and closing movement patterns between male and female.(p<0.05) In the frontal plane, the average number of habitual opening and closing pathways cross the midline was greater than that of maximum velocity.(p<0.05) The average of the maximum mandibular movemet velocity of male was greater than female in opening and contact(p<0.01) and there was no difference between male and female in closing.(p>0.05)