• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.69-75
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• 2016

This study investigated the effect of heat treatment conditions not only on the Cr surface crack propagation behaviors but also on the Ni/Cr interfacial reaction characteristics in electroless Ni/electroplated Cr double coating layers on Cu substrate. Clear band layer of Ni-Cr solid solutions were developed at Ni/Cr interface after heat treatment at $750^{\circ}C$ for 6 h. Channeling cracks formed in Cr layer after 1 step heat treatment, that is, heat treatment after Ni/Cr plating, while little channeling cracks formed after 2 step heat treatment, that is, same heat treatments after Ni and Cr plating, respectively, due to residual stress relaxation due to crystallization of Ni layer before Cr plating.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.133-140
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• 2019

The effects of thermal cycle conditions on the bonding strength and crack propagation behaviors in electroplated Cr/electroplated Ni-P coatings were systematically evaluated. 1^st heat treatment was performed at 500℃ for 3 hours after electroplating Ni-P, and then, 2^nd heat treatment was performed at 750℃ for 6 hours after electroplating Cr. The measured bonding strength by ASTM C633 were around 25.6 MPa before thermal cycling, while it increased to 47.6 MPa, after 1,000 cycles. Increasing thermal cycles led to dominant fail mode with cohesive failure inside adhesive, which seemed to be closely related to the increasing bonding strength possibly not only due to higher Cr surface roughness, but also to penetrated channeling crack density. Also, increasing density of penetrated channeling cracks in electroplating Cr layer led to slightly stronger bonding strength due to mechanical interlocking effects of adhesive inside channeling cracks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.74-75
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• 2003

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.138-143
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• 2009

Thermal barrier efficiency and endurance of coatings in liquid rocket engine combustor were evaluated for air plasma spray coating and electro/electroless plating. The result of firing tests has revealed occasional occurrence of local delamination of $ZrO_2$, NiCrAlY coating obtained by the method of air plasma spray in the region of supersonic flow and it necessitated a new coating method as a substitution. It was found that Ni-Cr coating by means of electro/electroless plating can substitute $ZrO_2$, NiCrAlY coatings of air plasma spray in terms of thermal barrier efficiency and endurance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.857-863
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• 2017

In this paper, the process of electro Ni and electro Cr plating is studied for the purpose of thermal barrier to protect the inner wall combustion chamber. The chamber is under the environment of very high temperature and high pressure when propellants burn in there. As one of the thermal barrier coatings, Zr-based thermal spray coating has been applied to the chamber. However, peeling of coating layer can occur under such a hard condition because of the difference of thermal expansion coefficients between the ceramic and the metallic wall. We study the characteristics of Ni-Cr coating and establish its process. It is found that the thickness of over $100{\mu}m$ of Ni and Cr coating layers with the uniformity of ${\pm}10%$ can be obtained with the used of as-developed plating bath.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.154-154
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• 2015

현재 액체로켓 엔진 연소기 내벽은 bonding layer NiCrAlY과 Top layer $ZrO_2$가 플라즈마 용사 방식으로 형성 된다. 이는 뛰어난 열 차폐 특성과 작업시간이 짧은 장점이 있지만, bonding layer와 Top layer 사이의 열팽창 계수 차이로 인한 균열 발생 가능성이 내재 되어 있고, 연소실 내벽에 균일한 두께의 코팅층을 형성하기 어렵고 설비가 비싸다는 단점으로 인하여 세라믹 코팅 층을 금속 코팅 층으로 대체 하고자 한다. 금속 코팅층은 모재와의 밀착성이 높고, 우수한 산화 및 부식방지 기능을 가지며 저렴하다는 장점이 있다. 또한 코팅 후 연마 작업이 가능해 연소실 내부형상을 설계조건 대로 유지 할 수 있는 특징이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 연소실 내벽에 적용할 모재, 무전해 Ni-P 도금과 전해 Cr 도금층 사이의 밀착력 향상을 위한 방법에 대한 연구를 하였다. 밀착력 향상을 위한 요소로 전처리 용액과 열처리 시간에 따른 영향을 알아보고자 하였으며, 이를 위해서 5가지의 산세 용액으로 각 시편을 산세 한 후, 6시간, 12시간, 18시간 열처리 하여 단면을 비교하여 열처리에 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 결과 산세 용액의 영향은 크게 나타나지 않았으며, 열처리 시간이 길수록 Ni-P/Cr의 확산이 더 잘 일어나 확산층이 더 넓어지면서 밀착력이 더 좋아 진 것으로 판단되어 진다.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.112.1-112.1
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.137-138
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• 2015

Ni-W 합금도금은 내마모성, 내산성 및 내열성 등의 여러 특성을 가지며 높은 피막경도도 안정하게 얻어지기 때문에 경질 Cr 도금의 대체도금으로서 유리 성형용 금형, 롤러 표면재료, 자동차 접동부품 등 다양한 공업 분야와 제품에 적용되고 있다. Ni-W 합금도금은 도금액 및 전해조건에 따라서 도금 피막에 균열이 생기는 경우가 있다. 도금 피막의 균열 발생요인으로서 도금재료의 환경온도에 의한 열응력, 도금 피막과 기재와의 팽창 수축 차이에 의한 영향을 생각할 수 있다. 도금 내부응력의 발생이유로서 공석한 수소의 이탈설, 결정합체설, 이외에 과잉 에너지설 및 결자결함설도 제안되고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.805-806
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• 2011

Thermal conductivities of a Ni-Cr coating applied for the protection of a thrust chamber operating under the condition of high pressure and high temperature were measured. Results showed that the data used in heat transfer calculation has a 20~25% margin compared with data measured.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.56-64
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• 2013

An Eectrolytic Corrosion(EC) test method was evaluated by the comparison with Copper Accelerated Acetic Salt Spray(CASS) and Neutral Salt Spray(SS) tests. Those methods were applied in order to evaluate corrosion resistance of Ni-Cr plated and Zn-plated Fe substrates. The correlations between results obtained by different test methods were investigated. Results showed that the electrochemical method such as the EC test method was superior to the conventional methods such as CASS and SS, in terms of the quantitative accuracy and the test-time span. Furthermore, the EC test method provided the useful means to estimate the initiation of corrosion of each layer by monitoring the rest potentials of the coated layers such as Ni, Cr, and Zn on Fe substrate. With regard to test time spans, the EC test provided the 78 times and 182 times faster results than the CASS test in cases of $Fe+5{\mu}m$ $Ni+0.5{\mu}m$ Cr and $Fe+20{\mu}m$ $Ni+0.5{\mu}m$ Cr respectively, while the EC test was 85 times faster results than the Salt Spray test in the case of $Fe+20g/m^2$ Zn. Therefore, the EC test can be the better method to evaluate the resistance to corrosion of coated layers than the conventional methods such as the SS test and the CASS.